C. H. Ward - Böcker

One of the most widely used techniques for treating soils contaminated with volatile organic compounds, soil vapor extraction (SVE) can also be applied to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) if the soil is heated, by applying electromagnetic energy in the radio frequency (FR) range, to increase the vapor pressure of the contaminants. Although RF-SVE systems used in previous field demonstrations have had varying degrees of success, questions remain concerning its viability and cost-effectiveness.Soil Vapor Extraction Using Radio Frequency Heating: Resource Manual and Technology Demonstration covers detailed scientific and engineering information that answers these questions. The book includes the necessary databases, equations, and example calculations for RF heating. The theoretical and practical information included will facilitate future testing of RF-SVE treatment of soils.Additionally, the book provides information for a full-scale engineering design of potential RF-SVE applications. The authors use this information to examine predicted performance, magnitude of costs, and modifications to the design that may decrease cost. Soil Vapor Extraction Using Radio Frequency Heating: Resource Manual and Technology Demonstration gives an economic analysis of this innovative technology and considers other possible applications for it.Features

Interest in phytoremediation as a solution for contaminants in groundwater and soil has exploded. The project documented in Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils presents innovative technology for environmental clean up using in situ treatment. It describes the results of a field study focusing on hydrocarbon contamination, especially polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, in surface and near surface soils.The field demonstration used soils contaminated with aged diesel fuels. The random block design enabled the investigators to test the statistical difference in the effects of different vegetated and unvegetated treatments. They tested the degradation of diesel and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon components in plots containing three different vegetation treatments, two grasses and a legume, and a non-vegetated control.Part one of the monograph gives a complete and thorough account of the results of the field study. Part two covers the design and potential costs of a full-scale implementation of the demonstration system as well as the performance and potential application of the new technology.Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils supplies quantitative results about the use of vegetation in soil remediation. The information given on the niches and limitations of the technologies allows for a more informed selection of remedial solutions for environmental cleanup.

A part of the continuing effort to provide innovative in situ remediation techniques, Remediation of Firing-Range Impact Berms presents the results of a soil washing and leaching project. The demonstration set as its primary objective providing reliable, detailed performance data to evaluate the feasibility and cost of implementing a full-scale system. Its secondary objective was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technology in producing a 'clean' soil based on analytical results. The project included the following steps:Bench scale treatability studies of prospective soils Selection of a demonstration site Pilot plant equipment design, installation, and shakedown Execution of the demonstration at the selected DOD site Preparation of the Final Technical Report (FTR) and the Technology Evaluation Report (TER)The monograph discusses the results of the pilot plant study and includes the technical information necessary to reproduce the study full-scale. It recommends procedures for successful soil washing at small arms ranges. Remediation of Firing-Range Impact Berms will save you time and money when using in situ technology for soil remediation.

While innovative technologies in remediation need to be developed, so do innovative ways of site assessment. This monograph describes the development, testing, and performance of a new laser-induced fluorescence soil probe. A screening tool for site characterization, this probe has the potential to provide an economical, rapid assessment of contaminated sites.Cone Penetrometer testing equipment advances the probe into the subsurface. The probe identifies hydrocarbon classes using a multi-channel excitation-emission matrix. This technique facilitates the collection of significant amounts of subsurface information - surpassing conventional data collection methods - that can be used to rapidly identify areas of concern beneath a site. The technology has significant application for the following:Rapid environmental site assessment Monitoring remediation programs Monitoring manufacturing processes and industrial waste water operationsSubsurface Contamination Monitoring Using Laser Fluorescence provides comprehensive reference material for researchers and engineers as well as engineering consultants interested in subsurface monitoring techniques or further development of this technology. It describes innovative technology that focuses on finding cost effective solutions for site assessment and remediation.

Demographers predict that world population will double to around twelve billion people during the first half of the twenty-first century and then begin to level off. Based on this scenario, Sustainable Development: The Challenge of Transition examines what societal changes must occur over the next generation to ensure a successful transition to sustainability within the constraints of the natural environment. An array of prominent authors present a broad discussion of the dimensions of sustainable development: not just economic and environmental, but also spiritual and religious, corporate and social, scientific and political. Unlike other books on the subject, this volume provides insightful policy recommendations about how business, government, and individuals must change their values, priorities, and behaviour to meet these challenges. This volume will appeal to scholars and decision makers interested in global change, environmental policy, population growth, and sustainable development, and also to corporate environmental managers.

Demographers predict that world population will double to around twelve billion people during the first half of the twenty-first century and then begin to level off. Based on this scenario, Sustainable Development: The Challenge of Transition examines what societal changes must occur over the next generation to ensure a successful transition to sustainability within the constraints of the natural environment. An array of prominent authors present a broad discussion of the dimensions of sustainable development: not just economic and environmental, but also spiritual and religious, corporate and social, scientific and political. Unlike other books on the subject, this volume provides insightful policy recommendations about how business, government, and individuals must change their values, priorities, and behaviour to meet these challenges. This volume will appeal to scholars and decision makers interested in global change, environmental policy, population growth, and sustainable development, and also to corporate environmental managers.

A part of the continuing effort to provide innovative in situ remediation techniques, Remediation of Firing-Range Impact Berms presents the results of a soil washing and leaching project. The demonstration set as its primary objective providing reliable, detailed performance data to evaluate the feasibility and cost of implementing a full-scale system. Its secondary objective was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technology in producing a 'clean' soil based on analytical results. The project included the following steps:Bench scale treatability studies of prospective soils Selection of a demonstration site Pilot plant equipment design, installation, and shakedown Execution of the demonstration at the selected DOD site Preparation of the Final Technical Report (FTR) and the Technology Evaluation Report (TER)The monograph discusses the results of the pilot plant study and includes the technical information necessary to reproduce the study full-scale. It recommends procedures for successful soil washing at small arms ranges. Remediation of Firing-Range Impact Berms will save you time and money when using in situ technology for soil remediation.

Interest in phytoremediation as a solution for contaminants in groundwater and soil has exploded. The project documented in Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils presents innovative technology for environmental clean up using in situ treatment. It describes the results of a field study focusing on hydrocarbon contamination, especially polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, in surface and near surface soils.The field demonstration used soils contaminated with aged diesel fuels. The random block design enabled the investigators to test the statistical difference in the effects of different vegetated and unvegetated treatments. They tested the degradation of diesel and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon components in plots containing three different vegetation treatments, two grasses and a legume, and a non-vegetated control.Part one of the monograph gives a complete and thorough account of the results of the field study. Part two covers the design and potential costs of a full-scale implementation of the demonstration system as well as the performance and potential application of the new technology.Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils supplies quantitative results about the use of vegetation in soil remediation. The information given on the niches and limitations of the technologies allows for a more informed selection of remedial solutions for environmental cleanup.

One of the most widely used techniques for treating soils contaminated with volatile organic compounds, soil vapor extraction (SVE) can also be applied to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) if the soil is heated, by applying electromagnetic energy in the radio frequency (FR) range, to increase the vapor pressure of the contaminants. Although RF-SVE systems used in previous field demonstrations have had varying degrees of success, questions remain concerning its viability and cost-effectiveness.Soil Vapor Extraction Using Radio Frequency Heating: Resource Manual and Technology Demonstration covers detailed scientific and engineering information that answers these questions. The book includes the necessary databases, equations, and example calculations for RF heating. The theoretical and practical information included will facilitate future testing of RF-SVE treatment of soils.Additionally, the book provides information for a full-scale engineering design of potential RF-SVE applications. The authors use this information to examine predicted performance, magnitude of costs, and modifications to the design that may decrease cost. Soil Vapor Extraction Using Radio Frequency Heating: Resource Manual and Technology Demonstration gives an economic analysis of this innovative technology and considers other possible applications for it.Features

Complete and quantitative, NAPL Removal: Surfactants, Foams, and Microemulsions, belongs to a ten-monograph series that records the results of the Department of Defense/Advanced Applied Technology Demonstration Facility environmental technology demonstrations. It presents the outcome of field demonstrations of innovative in situ remediation technologies.In situ surfactant and cosolvent flushing for nonaqueous phase liquids constitutes a technique with the potential to reduce the mass of NAPL - a continuing source of groundwater contamination. This monograph details two technologies - surfactant/foam and single-phase microemulsion - selected for their potential to address the needed breakthroughs.Copiously illustrated with figures and tables, NAPL Removal: Surfactants, Foams, and Microemulsions takes you through the entire field demonstration step-by-step. It describes the development of the processes, analyzes the costs, discusses design issues, and covers performance and potential application.

While innovative technologies in remediation need to be developed, so do innovative ways of site assessment. This monograph describes the development, testing, and performance of a new laser-induced fluorescence soil probe. A screening tool for site characterization, this probe has the potential to provide an economical, rapid assessment of contaminated sites.Cone Penetrometer testing equipment advances the probe into the subsurface. The probe identifies hydrocarbon classes using a multi-channel excitation-emission matrix. This technique facilitates the collection of significant amounts of subsurface information - surpassing conventional data collection methods - that can be used to rapidly identify areas of concern beneath a site. The technology has significant application for the following:Rapid environmental site assessment Monitoring remediation programs Monitoring manufacturing processes and industrial waste water operationsSubsurface Contamination Monitoring Using Laser Fluorescence provides comprehensive reference material for researchers and engineers as well as engineering consultants interested in subsurface monitoring techniques or further development of this technology. It describes innovative technology that focuses on finding cost effective solutions for site assessment and remediation.