Charles van Onselen – författare

This seminal book reveals how black labor was exploited in twentieth-century South Africa, the human costs of which are still largely hidden from history. It was the people of southern Mozambique, bent double beneath the historical loads of forced labor and slavery, then sold off en masse as contracted laborers, who paid the highest price for South African gold. An iniquitous intercolonial agreement for the exploitation of ultra-cheap black labor was only made possible through nightly use of the steam locomotive on the transnational railway linking Johannesburg and Lourenço Marques. These night trains left deep scars in the urban and rural cultures of black communities, whether in the form of popular songs or a belief in nocturnal witches'' trains that captured and conveyed zombie workers to the region''s most unpopular places of employment.By tracing the journeys undertaken by black migrants, Charles van Onselen powerfully reconstructs how racial thinking, expressed logistically, reflected the evolving systems of segregation and apartheid. On the night trains, the last stop was always hell.

This seminal book reveals how black labor was exploited in twentieth-century South Africa, the human costs of which are still largely hidden from history. It was the people of southern Mozambique, bent double beneath the historical loads of forced labor and slavery, then sold off en masse as contracted laborers, who paid the highest price for South African gold. An iniquitous intercolonial agreement for the exploitation of ultra-cheap black labor was only made possible through nightly use of the steam locomotive on the transnational railway linking Johannesburg and Lourenço Marques. These night trains left deep scars in the urban and rural cultures of black communities, whether in the form of popular songs or a belief in nocturnal witches'' trains that captured and conveyed zombie workers to the region''s most unpopular places of employment.By tracing the journeys undertaken by black migrants, Charles van Onselen powerfully reconstructs how racial thinking, expressed logistically, reflected the evolving systems of segregation and apartheid. On the night trains, the last stop was always hell.

The Jameson Raid was a pivotal moment in the history of South Africa, linking events from the Anglo-Boer War to the declaration of the Union of South Africa in 1910. For more than a century, the failed revolution has been interpreted through the lens of British imperialism, with responsibility laid at the feet of Cecil Rhodes. Yet, the raid was less a serious attempt to overthrow a Boer government than a wild adventure with transnational roots in American filibustering.In The Cowboy Capitalist, renowned South African historian Charles van Onselen challenges a historiography of over 120 years, locating the raid in American rather than British history and forcing us to rethink the histories of at least three nations. Through a close look at the little-remembered figure of John Hays Hammond, a confidant of both Rhodes and Jameson, he discovers the American Old West on the South African Highveld. This radical reinterpretation challenges the commonly held belief that the Jameson Raid was quintessentially British and, in doing so, drives splinters into our understanding of events as far forward as South Africa’s critical 1948 general election, with which the foundations of Grand Apartheid were laid.

At the end of the nineteenth century European pimps and 'white slavers' established a hugely successful global market for commercial sex and for three turbulent decades before the First World War, Joseph Silver was central to this hidden world of betrayal, intrigue, lust and sexual slavery. Burglar, gun-runner and trafficker in women on four continents, Silver was a disturbed adolescent, youthful predator and adult misogynist whose notoriety was captured in the most confidential correspondence of a dozen countries in the western world. But what those in charge of law-enforcement agencies kept to themselves was how their officers had attempted to use Silver as an informer to infiltrate syndicates, only to have him outwit them as he moved in the dangerous space between police and prostitutes. In this brilliant study, Charles van Onselen situates the private life of one man amidst the demi-monde of the Atlantic world and casts a brilliant light on the most infamous serial killer of all time - Jack the Ripper.

Volume 1 of Three Wise Monkeys explores the Portuguese colonisation of Mozambique, and the gradual transformation of the colony into a reservoir of cheap labour, first during the Atlantic slave trade and then during the rise of the voracious Rand mining industry.Mozambique became locked into financial dependence on South Africa. The South African mining industry came to own significant parts of the harbour infrastructure of Lourenço Marques. The mining industry''s insatiable appetite for pit props gave rise to a globalised trade in timber flowing in from the US, Scandinavia and Australia via new shipping lines to the port of Lourenço Marques.After World War I, the South African gold-mining industry and Mozambique''s weak ''central bank'', the Banco Nacional Ultramarino, operating alongside the South African Reserve Bank, a branch of the Royal Mint and the Rand Refinery, effectively controlled the economic fortunes and destiny of South Africa''s neighbour. Mozambique was colonised twice over – first by Portugal and then by South Africa.

Volume 2 of Three Wise Monkeys explores Catholic Mozambique''s role in the leisure economy of Protestant South Africa, as a place where bachelor miners and Randlords alike could project their fantasies of subtropical exotica, whether in the raucous bars and brothels of the port or in the development of the upmarket Polana Hotel and the vision of segregated ''tourist zones'' for race-conscious Rand holidaymakers.Mozambique''s liminal place in the leisure and entertainment universe was nowhere better represented than in the rise and eventual fall of Lourenço Marques Radio. For decades, LM Radio beamed the hit songs of the day, and a certain vision of post-war modernity, to white South Africans increasingly in thrall to the stifling rule of Calvinist churches, the National Party and the Broederbond-dominated SABC. The eventual triumph of the SABC in muzzling LM Radio was a foretaste of the police state that came to imprison South African minds during the 1960s and 1970s.

The Three Wise Monkeys trilogy culminates with a forensic examination of South Africa''s long struggle to suppress gambling, and especially lotteries. The opposition of the Calvinist churches – both Afrikaans and English-speaking – had its counterpart in the eager embrace of games of chance by the white working class on the Witwatersrand. Focusing on the career of Rufe Naylor, an Australian bookmaker, horse dealer and entrepreneur who, with the help of a defrocked Portuguese Catholic priest, ran the Lourenço Marques Lottery, The Quest for Wealth without Work shows howthe efforts of church and state to control the leisure time and morals of the working class intersected with the need to ensure the flow of cheap mine labour from Mozambique. Ultimately, in the suppression of the Lourenço Marques Lottery – and in campaigns against pinball machines, dogracing and other ''social evils'' – can be seen the emerging outlines of the apartheid police state.

This seminal book reveals how black labour was exploited in twentieth-century South Africa, the human costs of which are still largely hidden from history. It was the people of southern Mozambique, bent double beneath the historical loads of forced labour and slavery, then sold off en masse as contracted labourers, who paid the highest price for South African gold. An iniquitous intercolonial agreement for the exploitation of ultra-cheap black labour was only made possible through nightly use of the steam locomotive on the transnational railway linking Johannesburg and Lourenço Marques. These night trains left deep scars in the urban and rural cultures of black communities, whether in the form of popular songs or a belief in nocturnal witches' trains that captured and conveyed zombie workers to the region's most unpopular places of employment.By tracing the journeys undertaken by black migrants, Charles van Onselen powerfully reconstructs how racial thinking, expressed logistically, reflected the evolving systems of segregation and apartheid. On the night trains, the last stop was always hell.

Johannesburg was -- and is -- the Frontier of Money. Within months of its founding, the mining camp was host to organised crime: the African "Regiment of the Hills" and "Irish Brigade" bandits. Bars, brothels, boarding houses and hotels oozed testosterone and violence, and the use of fists and guns was commonplace. Beyond the chaos were clear signs of another struggle, one to maintain control, honour and order within the emerging male and mining dominated culture. In the underworld, the dictum of "honour among thieves", as well as a hatred of informers, testified to attempts at self-regulation. A "real man" did not take advantage of an opponent by employing underhand tactics. It had to be a "fair fight" if a man was to be respected. This was the world that "One-armed Jack" McLoughlin -- brigand, soldier, sailor, mercenary, burglar, highwayman and safe-cracker -- entered in the early 1890s to become Johannesburg's most infamous "Irish" anti-hero and social bandit. McLoughlin's infatuation with George Stevenson prompted him to recruit the young Englishman into his gang of safe-crackers but "Stevo" was a man with a past and primed for personal and professional betrayal.It was a deadly mixture. Honour could only be retrieved through a Showdown at the Red Lion.

The Jameson Raid was a pivotal moment in the history of South Africa, linking events from the Anglo-Boer War to the declaration of the Union of South Africa in 1910. For over a century the failed revolution has been interpreted through the lens of British imperialism, with responsibility laid at the feet of Cecil John Rhodes. Yet the wild adventurism that characterised the raid resembles a cowboy expedition more than a serious attempt to overthrow a Boer government. In this book Charles van Onselen challenges a historiography of over 120 years, locating the raid in American rather than British history and forcing us to rethink the histories of at least three nations. Through a close look at the little-remembered figure of John Hays Hammond, a confidant of both Rhodes and Jameson, he discovers the American Old West on the South African Highveld. This radical reinterpretation challenges the commonly held belief that the Jameson Raid was quintessentially British and, in doing so, drives splinters into our understanding of events as far forward as South Africas critical 1948 general election, with which the foundations of Grand Apartheid were laid.

A bold and innovative social history, The Seed Is Mine concerns the disenfranchised blacks who did so much to shape the destiny of South Africa. After years of interviews with Kas Maine and his neighbors, employers, friends, and family – a rare triumph of collaborative courage and dedication – Charles van Onselen has recreated the entire life of a man who struggled to maintain his family in a world dedicated to enriching whites and impoverishing blacks, while South Africa was tearing them apart.