Christian Schulte – författare

Constraint Programming is an approach for modeling and solving combi- torial problems that has proven successful in many applications. It builds on techniques developed in Arti?cial Intelligence, Logic Programming, and - erations Research. Key techniques are constraint propagation and heuristic search. Constraint Programming is based on an abstraction that decomposes a problem solver into a reusable constraint engine and a declarative program modeling the problem. The constraint engine implements the required pr- agation and search algorithms. It can be realized as a library for a general purpose programming language (e.g. C++), as an extension of an existing language (e.g. Prolog), or as a system with its own dedicated language. The present book is concerned with the architecture and implementation of constraint engines. It presents a new, concurrent architecture that is far superior to the sequential architecture underlying Prolog. The new archit- ture is based on concurrent search with copying and recomputation rather than sequential search with trailing and backtracking. One advantage of the concurrent approach is that it accommodates any search strategy. Furth- more, it considerably simpli?es the implementation of constraint propagation algorithms since it eliminates the need to account for trailing and backtra- ing. The book investigates an expressive generalization of the concurrent - chitecture that accommodates propagation-preserving combinators (known as deep guard combinators) for negation, disjunction, implication, and re- cation of constraint propagators. Such combinators are beyond the scope of Prolog’s technology. In the concurrent approach they can be obtained with a re?ective encapsulation primitive.

Constraint Programming is an approach for modeling and solving combi- torial problems that has proven successful in many applications. It builds on techniques developed in Arti?cial Intelligence, Logic Programming, and - erations Research. Key techniques are constraint propagation and heuristic search. Constraint Programming is based on an abstraction that decomposes a problem solver into a reusable constraint engine and a declarative program modeling the problem. The constraint engine implements the required pr- agation and search algorithms. It can be realized as a library for a general purpose programming language (e.g. C++), as an extension of an existing language (e.g. Prolog), or as a system with its own dedicated language. The present book is concerned with the architecture and implementation of constraint engines. It presents a new, concurrent architecture that is far superior to the sequential architecture underlying Prolog. The new archit- ture is based on concurrent search with copying and recomputation rather than sequential search with trailing and backtracking. One advantage of the concurrent approach is that it accommodates any search strategy. Furth- more, it considerably simpli?es the implementation of constraint propagation algorithms since it eliminates the need to account for trailing and backtra- ing. The book investigates an expressive generalization of the concurrent - chitecture that accommodates propagation-preserving combinators (known as deep guard combinators) for negation, disjunction, implication, and re- cation of constraint propagators. Such combinators are beyond the scope of Prolog’s technology. In the concurrent approach they can be obtained with a re?ective encapsulation primitive.

This book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2013), held in Uppsala, Sweden, in September 2013. The 61 revised papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully selected from 138 submissions. The scope of the conference is on all aspects of computing with constraints, including: theory, algorithms, environments, languages, models and systems, applications such as decision making, resource allocation, and agreement technologies.

This book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming (CP 2013), held in Uppsala, Sweden, in September 2013. The 61 revised papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully selected from 138 submissions. The scope of the conference is on all aspects of computing with constraints, including: theory, algorithms, environments, languages, models and systems, applications such as decision making, resource allocation, and agreement technologies.

Among other titles, Alexander Kluge has been described over the course of the past few decades by colleagues, critics and academics as an encyclopedist, a "chronicler of the century", "narrator of critical theory", or the "only large-scale project developer we have today" (Habermas). Such titles are merely endeavours to find a term to cover the whole interdisciplinary gamut of his works (running from literary, to film, theoretical and televisual work), which over more than five decades have developed a rhizomatic structure that is difficult to keep track of, even for authorities on Kluge.The Alexander Kluge Yearbook attempts to remedy this situation. Through the publication of new texts, it reflectsthe continued development of the history of his oeuvre, bringing together the results of international Kluge research, presenting documents from earlier periods and thus offering insight into the way he works. Each volume will contain, finally, an updated bibliography (of primary and research literature) and videography (of DCTP productions).

Adorno characterized Critical Theory as a message in a bottle in 1940 when the exiled Frankfurt School''s sphere of influence was an ocean away from the catastrophes of fascism it sought to fight. Turning Adorno''s metaphor on its head some six decades later, Kluge likens his creative method in the interview with Oskar Negt that opens the second volume of the Kluge-Jahrbuch to echoes of light refracted through a bottle: "I can also see something by looking through shards of glass," he explains. Deploying this turn of phrase as its point of departure, this issue of the Jahrbuch devotes its attention first to Kluge''s theory work written with Negt, its roots in and adaptation of the Frankfurt School tradition as well as its indebtedness to other schools of thought. In the remainder of the volume, scholars working in five different disciplines across the humanities query Kluge''s ways of seeing in film, television and literature.