Christos S. Zerefos – författare

Studies have demonstrated a link between ozone changes caused by human activities and changing UV levels at the Earth's surface, as well as a link to climate through changes in radiative forcing and links to changes in chemical composition. This book provides contributions on the variable ozone layer and the interplay of longwave and shortwave radiative interactions which link ozone, the climate and UV issues.

Studies have demonstrated a link between ozone changes caused by human activities and changing UV levels at the Earth's surface, as well as a link to climate through changes in radiative forcing and links to changes in chemical composition. This book provides contributions on the variable ozone layer and the interplay of longwave and shortwave radiative interactions which link ozone, the climate and UV issues.

Hellenistic Alexandria: Celebrating 24 Centuries presents the proceedings of a conference held at the Acropolis Museum in Athens, on December 13–15, 2017, and includes high-level dialogues and philosophical discussions between international experts on Hellenistic Alexandria. The goal was to celebrate the 24 centuries which have elapsed since its foundation and the beginning of the Library and the Museum of Alexandria. The conference was divided into two parts, to include in the first part archaeology, history, philosophy, literature, art, culture and legal issues and in the second part science, medicine, technology and environment. A total of 28 original and peer-reviewed articles point to the importance of the brilliantly-original ideas that emerged during the Hellenistic age and the curious modernity of the whole atmosphere of the time. The range of presented topics covers a variety of new data on the foundation of Alexandria to comparison between Ptolemaic Alexandria and Ptolemaic Greece through philosophy, culture and drama to the forgotten revolution of science, medicine and the prevailing climatological and geophysical conditions throughout the Hellenistic Period. The conference and its proceedings were co-sponsored by the Μarianna V. Vardinoyannis Foundation, the Acropolis Museum, the Alexandria Center for Hellenistic Studies at Bibliotheca Alexandrina and the Mariolopoulos-Kanaginis Foundation for the Environmental Sciences. The Publication also celebrates the 10th anniversary of the Alexandria Center for Hellenistic Studies, a joint collaboration between the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the Vardinoyannis Foundation and the University of Alexandria. Scholars from around the world follow the Center’s programme in various specialisations, ranging from historyliterature- art, to archaeology and architecture-philosophy, and science.

Aristotle’s Meteorologica concentrates on the meteorological aspects of Aristotle’s work published as Meteorologica books A-D, and on how they compare now with our understanding of meteorology and climate change. In other words, how well did Aristotle fair when he tried to explain weather 2,300 years ago when there was only logic, eye observation, and past experience, with only primitive instrumentation and a few personalized measurements? While there are scientific issues behind Aristotle’s writings, this book is written for the non-specialist. The book uses simple examples to present its case, which will be easily followed by general readers.

This volume brings together state-of-the-art views on ultraviolet radiation, its modelling, and effects from an interdisciplinary panel of international experts. The growing field of research is presented in a sequence from the arrival of UV light at the top of the atmosphere through its transfer to various biological receptors. Modelling and current issues on UV radiative transfer in clear and turbid environments are discussed. Further, measurements and calibration methods are reviewed and, for the first time, established calibration protocols are presented in a coherent way.

This volume brings together state-of-the-art views on ultraviolet radiation, its modelling, and effects from an interdisciplinary panel of international experts. The growing field of research is presented in a sequence from the arrival of UV light at the top of the atmosphere through its transfer to various biological receptors. Modelling and current issues on UV radiative transfer in clear and turbid environments are discussed. Further, measurements and calibration methods are reviewed and, for the first time, established calibration protocols are presented in a coherent way.

Following the rapid developments in the UV-B measurement techniques and the rapidly growing research in the field in the late 80''s and early 90''s, we organized a large gathering of distinguished experts in a NATO Advanced Study Institute, held in Halkidiki, Greece on October, 2-11. 1995. The Institute was organized so as to include state of the art lectures on most aspects of solar ultraviolet radiation and its effects. This was achieved by extended lectures and discussions given in five sessions by 27 lecturers and a demonstration of filed measurements and calibration techniques at the end of the Institute. The ASI began with the sun and fundamentals on solar radiative emissions and their variability in time and continued with the interaction of solar Ultraviolet with the atmosphere through the complex scattering processes and photochemical reactions involved. Particular emphasis was given to changes in atmospheric composition imposed by different manifestations of the solar activity cycle. as well as on the modelling of radiative transfer through the atmosphere and the ocean under variable environmental conditions. Overviews on the ozone issue. its monitoring and variability were extensively discussed with emphasis on the observed acceleration of ozone decline in the early 90''s. This acceleration had as a consequence, significant increases in UV-B radiation observed at a few world-wide distributed stations.

This volume contains progress papers in atmospheric ozone research which were presen- ted at the Ouadrennial Ozone symposium held in Greece from 3 to 7 September, 1984. These pa- pers are grouped in nine chapters corresponding to the nine sessions of the symposium. The Editors proVide the following summary of the highlights for each chapter; this summary has been prepared after consulting the papers submitted for publication as well as session summa- ries kindly provided by the following session chairmen: R. Bojkov, H. DOtsch, P. Fabian, J. Hai- gh, I. Isaksen, L. Kaplan, K. KOnzi, J. London, H. Mantis, C. Mateer, A. Matthews, G. Megie and J. Russell. Chapter 1 entitled: Chemical -radiative -dynamical model calculations includes results from recent developments in modeling techniques. The chapter begins with the results from a two -dimensional model using isentropic coordinates. With prescribed diabatic heating rates and a judicious choice of eddy diffusion coefficients this method can produce realistic fields of several stratospheric species.Three dimensional model simulations come next which demon- strate ozone transport by the stationary and transient components of the flow and emphasize the role of wave transport of ozone during a sudden stratospheric warming. The problem of chemical model validation is addressed in several different approaches.