Most recent chemical and biological methods of removing hazardous chemicals from the subsurface environment are addressed, and an up-to-date review of predicting removal effectiveness by these methods using various modelling and laboratory-scale experimental approaches are provided.

Most recent chemical and biological methods of removing hazardous chemicals from the subsurface environment are addressed, and an up-to-date review of predicting removal effectiveness by these methods using various modelling and laboratory-scale experimental approaches are provided.