David Levinson – författare

Much of land use and transportation planning today aims to reduce traffic congestion. However, the barometers typically used to measure congestion provide only a snapshot of a select dimension of a city's transportation system and fail to accurately reflect how easy it is to reach destinations. Comprehensive and policy relevant measures useful to land-use and transportation planning need to capture both land use and travel dimensions. This book focuses on the science and policy around the multi-modal concept of accessibility. If the goal is to create physical environments that are accessible, this work provides an up date account that can advance empirically grounded research and planning practice relating to accessibility.

Much of land use and transportation planning today aims to reduce traffic congestion. However, the barometers typically used to measure congestion provide only a snapshot of a select dimension of a city''s transportation system and fail to accurately reflect how easy it is to reach destinations. Comprehensive and policy relevant measures useful to land-use and transportation planning need to capture both land use and travel dimensions. This book focuses on the science and policy around the multi-modal concept of accessibility. If the goal is to create physical environments that are accessible, this work provides an up date account that can advance empirically grounded research and planning practice relating to accessibility.

How prevalent is family violence outside the United States? Can policies and programs designed to prevent family violence in one culture be adapted to other cultures? Does a relationship exist between general violence and family violence in a given society? These are but a few of the questions addressed in this compelling, well-written volume. The author uses ethnographic data culled from 90 different societies to develop a global picture of the incidence, causes, and correlates of family violence. Through the use of both quantitative analysis and ethnographic description, Levinson tests the explanation/power of various current theories against worldwide family violence data. For anyone working in the area of family violence, this volume is a must. "I found the work to be exceptional. . . . I surely will want to adopt it for my graduate course in the Sociology of Deviance." --Bob Regoli, University of Colorado at Boulder "The book would be extremely useful. I know of no comparative work of this type now available. . . . The author writes well and is an accomplished scholar." --Mary Riege Laner, Arizona State University "This book can provide much illumination on world-wide family violence. The accounts given by ethnographers add life to the statistics given. . . . Anyone interested in broadening his or her knowledge of family violence would do well with this book." --Family Violence Bulletin "[Levinson] has made extensive use of the collection of cultural materials from the Human Relations Area files, to examine the question of how common family violence is in different societies, and what factors tend to make such violence more or less common in those societies. . . . He has reached a number of very important conclusions, [which] provide a solid basis for further research. . . . Useful in developing an understanding an of the way in which family violence occurs and may be helpful in programs to prevent the occurrence of such violence." --New Jersey Family Lawyer "Provides thought-provoking material about family violence, which will be of interest to many audiences. . . . This comparative study should help fill a critical gap." --Journal of Marriage and the Family "The author gives examples of societies where family violence is virtually unknown to disprove the view that it is somehow natural and inevitable. Because of this wider perspective on a common problem, this book is worthwhile reading for anyone dealing professionally with couples of families where violence is likely to occur." --Sexual and Marital Therapy "An important addition to the anthropological study of deviance; important to students interested in deviant behavior, family, and gender issues, and the social construction of violence." --NEXUS: The Canadian Journal of Anthropology "Those interested in examining family violence from a broader, cross-cultural perspective that will suggest hypotheses for understanding and preventing family violence at the societal level in our own culture will find Family Violence in Cross-Cultural Perspective to be most interesting reading." --Review and Expositor, Inc.

First Published in 2002. This single-volume reference provides readers and researchers with access to details on a wide range of topics and issues in the sociology of education. Entries cover both national and international perspectives and studies, as well as tackling controversial points in education today, including gender inequality, globalization, minorities, meritocracy, and more. This is a key, one-of-a-kind resource for all educational researchers and educators.

First Published in 2002. This single-volume reference provides readers and researchers with access to details on a wide range of topics and issues in the sociology of education. Entries cover both national and international perspectives and studies, as well as tackling controversial points in education today, including gender inequality, globalization, minorities, meritocracy, and more. This is a key, one-of-a-kind resource for all educational researchers and educators.

First Published in 2002. This single-volume reference provides readers and researchers with access to details on a wide range of topics and issues in the sociology of education. Entries cover both national and international perspectives and studies, as well as tackling controversial points in education today, including gender inequality, globalization, minorities, meritocracy, and more. This is a key, one-of-a-kind resource for all educational researchers and educators.

The introduction of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) projects concerns and confuses the transportation planners, policy-makers, and professionals who seek to evaluate them. Until recently, most assessments have considered the various new technologies from an engineering point of view. But now governments and debt markets want to have the business case established for these sizable investments. It is no longer enough to claim there are benefits to ITS and to use simulation models to support this case. Decision-makers want real analysis with real data to help make decisions regarding where and what should be funded. The 17 chapters in this book, which evolved from a conference on measuring the contributions of ITS sponsored by the California Department of Transportation in February 2002, examine the costs and benefits of ITS in an economic and business policy context. Section 1 examines the broad theme of how and what ITS contributes to the economy and how one makes a business case for ITS. Section 2 includes three chapters on ITS applications in mass transit. Section 3 explores ITS applications in the automobile/highway system. Section 4 considers integrative issues includin

Over the last two centuries, the development of modern transportation has significantly transformed human life. The main theme of this book is to understand the complexity of transportation development and model the process of network growth including its determining factors, which may be topological, morphological, temporal, technological, economic, managerial, social or political. Using multidimensional concepts and methods, the authors develop a holistic framework to represent network growth as an open and complex process with models that demonstrate in a scientific way how numerous independent decisions made by entities such as travelers, property owners, developers, and public jurisdictions could result in a coherent network of facilities on the ground. Models are proposed from innovative perspectives including self-organization, degeneration, and sequential connection to interpret the evolutionary growth of transportation networks in explicit consideration of independent economic and regulatory initiatives. Employing these models, the authors survey a series of topics ranging from network hierarchy and topology to first mover advantage. The authors demonstrate, with a wide spectrum of empirical and theoretical evidence, that network growth follows a path that is not only logical in retrospect, but also predictable and manageable from a planning perspective. In the larger scheme of innovative transportation planning, this book provides a re-consideration of conventional planning practice and sets the stage for further development on the theory and practice of the next-generation, evolutionary planning approach in transportation, making it of interest to scholars and practitioners alike in the field of transportation   .

Over the last two centuries, the development of modern transportation has significantly transformed human life. The main theme of this book is to understand the complexity of transportation development and model the process of network growth including its determining factors, which may be topological, morphological, temporal, technological, economic, managerial, social or political. Using multidimensional concepts and methods, the authors develop a holistic framework to represent network growth as an open and complex process with models that demonstrate in a scientific way how numerous independent decisions made by entities such as travelers, property owners, developers, and public jurisdictions could result in a coherent network of facilities on the ground. Models are proposed from innovative perspectives including self-organization, degeneration, and sequential connection to interpret the evolutionary growth of transportation networks in explicit consideration of independent economic and regulatory initiatives. Employing these models, the authors survey a series of topics ranging from network hierarchy and topology to first mover advantage. The authors demonstrate, with a wide spectrum of empirical and theoretical evidence, that network growth follows a path that is not only logical in retrospect, but also predictable and manageable from a planning perspective. In the larger scheme of innovative transportation planning, this book provides a re-consideration of conventional planning practice and sets the stage for further development on the theory and practice of the next-generation, evolutionary planning approach in transportation, making it of interest to scholars and practitioners alike in the field of transportation   .

This book contains selected peer-reviewed papers that were presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Transportation Network Reliability (INSTR) Conference held at the University of Minnesota July 22-23, 2010.  International scholars, from a variety of disciplines--engineering, economics, geography, planning and transportation—offer varying perspectives on modeling and analysis of the reliability of transportation networks in order to illustrate both vulnerability to day-to-day and unpredictability variability and risk in travel, and demonstrates strategies for addressing those issues.The scope of the chapters includes all aspects of analysis and design to improve network reliability, specifically user perception of unreliability of public transport, public policy and reliability of travel times, the valuation and economics of reliability, network reliability modeling and estimation, travel behavior and vehicle routing under uncertainty, and risk evaluation and management for transportation networks.  The book combines new methodologies and state of the art practice to model and address questions of network unreliability, making it of interest to both academics in transportation and engineering as well as policy-makers and practitioners.

Over the last two centuries, the development of modern transportation has significantly transformed human life. The main theme of this book is to understand the complexity of transportation development and model the process of network growth including its determining factors, which may be topological, morphological, temporal, technological, economic, managerial, social or political. Using multidimensional concepts and methods, the authors develop a holistic framework to represent network growth as an open and complex process with models that demonstrate in a scientific way how numerous independent decisions made by entities such as travelers, property owners, developers, and public jurisdictions could result in a coherent network of facilities on the ground. Models are proposed from innovative perspectives including self-organization, degeneration, and sequential connection to interpret the evolutionary growth of transportation networks in explicit consideration of independent economic and regulatory initiatives. Employing these models, the authors survey a series of topics ranging from network hierarchy and topology to first mover advantage. The authors demonstrate, with a wide spectrum of empirical and theoretical evidence, that network growth follows a path that is not only logical in retrospect, but also predictable and manageable from a planning perspective. In the larger scheme of innovative transportation planning, this book provides a re-consideration of conventional planning practice and sets the stage for further development on the theory and practice of the next-generation, evolutionary planning approach in transportation, making it of interest to scholars and practitioners alike in the field of transportation   .

This book contains selected peer-reviewed papers that were presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Transportation Network Reliability (INSTR) Conference held at the University of Minnesota July 22-23, 2010.  International scholars, from a variety of disciplines--engineering, economics, geography, planning and transportation—offer varying perspectives on modeling and analysis of the reliability of transportation networks in order to illustrate both vulnerability to day-to-day and unpredictability variability and risk in travel, and demonstrates strategies for addressing those issues.The scope of the chapters includes all aspects of analysis and design to improve network reliability, specifically user perception of unreliability of public transport, public policy and reliability of travel times, the valuation and economics of reliability, network reliability modeling and estimation, travel behavior and vehicle routing under uncertainty, and risk evaluation and management for transportation networks.  The book combines new methodologies and state of the art practice to model and address questions of network unreliability, making it of interest to both academics in transportation and engineering as well as policy-makers and practitioners.

The 17 chapters in this book, which evolved from a conference on measuring the contributions of ITS sponsored by the California Department of Transportation in February 2002, examine the costs and benefits of ITS in an economic and business policy context. Section 1 examines the broad theme of how and what ITS contributes to the economy and how one makes a business case for ITS. Section 2 includes three chapters on ITS applications in mass transit. Section 3 explores ITS applications in the automobile/highway system. Section 4 considers integrative issues including how ITS is perceived and how it can be positioned to improve surface transportation. This volume will be especially useful to researchers and policy makers working in transportation, transportation engineering, and the economic analysis of transportation systems.

The only overview of research on the uniquely American community college system, which is increasingly becoming the site of entry for students seeking a higher education.This new volume shows why America's community colleges increasingly find themselves at the epicenter of social conflict, surrounded by unresolved questions such as: In a country based on the notion of equal opportunity, shouldn't all high school graduates have access to higher education? Are access and excellence really compatible? What is the real work of community colleges? Is it to provide transfer programs for students going on to baccalaureate colleges or training workers for careers in business and industry?In this comprehensive guide, readers will find not only a solid grounding in the latest research on these difficult questions but also a thoughtful analysis of the social forces that gave rise to American community colleges and still shape them today.Five narrative chapters address the history, evolution, and current issues facing community collegesThree additional chapters include a chronology; a listing of organizations, associations, and agencies; and an annotated listing of print and nonprint resources

The only overview of research on the uniquely American community college system, which is increasingly becoming the site of entry for students seeking a higher education.This new volume shows why America's community colleges increasingly find themselves at the epicenter of social conflict, surrounded by unresolved questions such as: In a country based on the notion of equal opportunity, shouldn't all high school graduates have access to higher education? Are access and excellence really compatible? What is the real work of community colleges? Is it to provide transfer programs for students going on to baccalaureate colleges or training workers for careers in business and industry?In this comprehensive guide, readers will find not only a solid grounding in the latest research on these difficult questions but also a thoughtful analysis of the social forces that gave rise to American community colleges and still shape them today.

Click ′Additional Materials′ for downloadable materials and samples"Incredibly, this is the first encyclopedia to focus on community as concept and experience, so stands alone in its field as the one title any library must buy to cover this topic. Essential for all readerships."--CHOICE"A timely, comprehensive, and very welcome overview of a rich and rapidly growing field of inquiry."--Robert D. Putnam, Professor at Harvard University and author of Bowling Alone"With every passing minute, it becomes more and more apparent that our world is one community. The Encyclopedia of Community serves as recognition of this trend and as a needed resource. The four-volume set not only explains the emerging buzz words of community such as ′social capital′ or ′civic engagement′ but also tells many stories of community institutions that work, such as public libraries." --Sarah Ann Long, Past President, (1999-2000) American Library Association"As we yearn to connect with our fellow citizens during these uncertain times, we have a unique moment to encourage greater participation in our democracy and reinvigorate our communities. The Encyclopedia of Community provides a timely, diverse array of theories and practices that will help citizens understand the value of engaging together to make the critical choices that enrich the way we live, learn, work and govern in our local communities. The Encyclopedia deserves a prime spot in the libraries, homes, and offices of all communities that want to invest in a brighter future for their residents and their children."--Nancy Kranich, Past President of the American Library Association, whose presidential theme was "Libraries: The Cornerstone of Democracy" (2000-2001)"American politicians often pair the word ′community′ with the word ′freedom′ to describe our basic values. Yet, though used constantly, the word community is defined in widely different and contested ways. Most people like the idea of community, but some intellectuals worry that it might imply collectivism. The great value of this new Encyclopedia is that it gives readers a chance to sample the many uses of the term and gain clarity about the issues at stake. It is a major contribution to a more coherent understanding of this fundamental idea."--Robert Bellah, Professor of Sociology, Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley and co-author of Habits of the HeartSAGE Publications is proud to announce the Encyclopedia of Community, a major reference work that summarizes the many fascinating and important concepts of a global topic.Community itself is a concept, an experience, and a central part of being human. Whether the reader is a student, researcher, or professional in the field of psychology, sociology, or even economics, this three-volume work will provide the necessary definitions of community beyond traditional views. Arranged in an A-to-Z fashion, the Encyclopedia can also be viewed topically via a Reader′s Guide. This allows for interdisciplinary "compare and contrast" among topics such as types of communities, social capital, technology, urban life, politics and law, community design, and global studies.Edited by the award-winning team at Berkshire Reference and assisted by an editorial board of world-renowned scholars, the Encyclopedia of Community will prove to be one of the most widely used reference works in your collection.Key Features:* 500 signed articles* 3 volumes* 2000 pages* Reader′s Guide* Master bibliography* 250 sidebarsAppendices:* Resource Guides* Master Bibliography* Libraries Build Community* Libraries and Popular Culture

Click ′Additional Materials′ for downloadable samples"This valuable reference provides an excellent overview of a serious world-wide problem. As such, it is an essential purchase for all libraries."--LIBRARY JOURNAL (star review)Levinson′s remarkable work deserves an award for tackling this complex social problem in such a very thorough and well-organized way. Highly Recommended.--CHOICEAt any given moment, about 3 million American women, men, and children are homeless. And another 5 million Americans spend over 50% of their incomes on housing, meaning that one missed paycheck, one health crisis, or one unpaid utility bill can push them out the door into homelessness. Homelessness is one of the major social problems and personal and family tragedies of the contemporary world. No community, city, or nation is immune and the lack of affordable housing and a decline in secure, well-paying jobs means that the problem will only get worse.The Encyclopedia of Homelessness is the first systematic effort to organize and summarize what we know about this complex topic that impacts not only the homeless but all of society. The Encyclopedia focuses on the current situation in the United States with a comparative sampling of homelessness around the world. Key Themes* Causes* Lifestyle Issues* Health Issues and Services* History* Legal Issues and Advocacy* Government Policies and Programs* Organizations* Research Approaches* Service Systems and Settings* Size and Characteristics of the Homeless Population* Public Perceptions of Homelessness* World Issues and PerspectivesQuick and Easy Regional ComparisonsAdditional descriptive articles cover homelessness today in a sample of American cities and a sample of  cities and nations of the world, allowing for quick and easy comparisons. The Encyclopedia contains entries on Australia, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, France, Guatemala, Japan, Nigeria, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Zimbabwe, Tokyo, Calcutta, London and others around the world.The Encyclopedia of Homelessness meets the needs of a broad audience, offering a rich history and the data, views, and perspectives of experts from different disciplines and perspectives, including* Sociologists* Anthropologists* Economists* Historians* Social Policy Analysts and Planners* Program Administrators* Physicians* Social Workers* Lawyers who provide advocacy and services* Journalists* Students of history, social studies, and the social sciences in high school through graduate schoolAppendices In addition to the articles, the Encyclopedia provides five carefully researched and compiled appendices that make this the key starting point for the study of homelessness:* Homelessness Autobiographical and Fictional* Homelessness in Popular Culture: Film* Directory of Street Newspapers*Documentary History (Selection of primary source material)* Master BibliographyKey Features* Two volumes and over 150 entries, organized alphabetically* Entries written by an international team of leading authorities in the field* Reader′s Guide groups entries by broad topic areas* Appendices offer a wealth of additional information