David Macdonald – författare

Do you have trips and safety interlocks in your plant? Are they good enough or are they perhaps over-designed and much more expensive than necessary? Are you or your company aware of how Hazard Studies should define risk reduction requirements? Are you actually using Hazard Studies at all? The answer is the integrated approach to safety management. New international standards combined with well-proven hazard study methods can improve safety management in your company.Practical Hazops, Trips and Alarms for Engineers and Technicians describes the role of hazard studies in risk management, and then proceeds with basic training in Hazop techniques. A number of practical exercises support the reference information and allow you to test your understanding of the material in the book.This book aims to bridge the discipline gap between hazard studies and the provision of safety-related alarm and trip systems. It provides training in hazard and operability methods (Hazops) and in the principles of safety instrumented systems as defined by international standard IEC 61508.- Design an integrated safety management system to increase efficiency and reduce costs- Learn how to carry out hazard and operability studies (Hazops) and find out how to convert Hazop outputs into safety requirements specifications- Implement safety instrumented systems to the new IEC standards (IEC61508)

Practical Machinery Safety aims to provide you with the knowledge to tackle machinery safety control problems at a practical level whilst achieving compliance with national and international standards.The book highlights the major international standards that are used to support compliance with EU regulations and uses these standards as a basis for the design procedures. It looks at the risk assessment processes used to identify hazards and to quantify the risks inherent in a machine. It introduces the concepts of safety categories as defined by standard EN954-1 (Safety of Machinery) and illustrates the principles of failsafe design, fault tolerance and self-testing.It also provides an introduction to machinery protection devices such as guards, enclosures with interlocks and guard-monitoring relays, locking systems, safety mats, photo-electric and electro-sensitive principles and the application of light curtains, a study of Safety Control System techniques, and introduces the principles of safety-certified PLCs.- Plan and implement safety systems that deliver a safe working environment and compliance with national and international standards- Apply simple risk assessments and hazard design methods to your own projects- Identify hazards that occur with machinery and know how to deal with them

The editors utilize their 50 years of combined experience in professional engagement with the behaviour and ecology of wild felids to draw together a unique network of the world''s most respected and knowledgeable experts. For the first time, this inter-disciplinary research programme is brought together within a single volume. Beginning with a complete account of all 36 felid species, there follow 8 comprehensive review chapters that span all the topics most relevant to felid conservation science, including evolution and systematics, felid form and function, genetic applications, behavioural ecology, management of species that come into conflict with people and control of international trade in felid species, conservation tools/techniques, ex situ management, and felid diseases. 19 detailed case studies then delve deeply into syntheses of the very best species investigations worldwide, written by all the leading figures in the field. These chapters portray the unique attributes of the wild felids, describe their fascinating (and conflicting) relationship with humans, and create an unparalleled platform for future research and conservation measures. A final chapter analyses the requirements of, and inter-disciplinary approaches to, practical conservation with cutting-edge examples of conservation science and action that go far beyond the cat family.

The badgers of Wytham Woods (Oxford, UK) have been studied continuously and intensively by David Macdonald for almost 50 years (25 of them with his former student and co-author Chris Newman), generating a wealth of data pertaining to every facet of their ecology and evolution. Through a mix of accessible, highly readable prose and cutting-edge science, the authors weave a riveting scientific story of the lives of these intriguing creatures, highlighting the insights offered to science more broadly through badgers as a model system. They provide a paradigm - from population down to molecule - for a deeper understanding of mammalian behaviour, ecology, epidemiology, evolutionary biology, and conservation. The real value of this long-term study is particularly apparent with current and globally relevant challenges such as climate change, disease epidemics, and senescence. This unique dataset enables us to examine these issues in a context that only a half-century experiment can reveal.The Badgers of Wytham Woods will appeal to a broad audience of professional academics (especially carnivore and mammalian biologists), researchers and students at all levels, governmental and non-governmental wildlife bodies, and to the natural historian fascinated by wild animals and the remarkable processes of nature they exemplify.

The badgers of Wytham Woods (Oxford, UK) have been studied continuously and intensively by David Macdonald for almost 50 years (25 of them with his former student and co-author Chris Newman), generating a wealth of data pertaining to every facet of their ecology and evolution. Through a mix of accessible, highly readable prose and cutting-edge science, the authors weave a riveting scientific story of the lives of these intriguing creatures, highlighting the insights offered to science more broadly through badgers as a model system. They provide a paradigm - from population down to molecule - for a deeper understanding of mammalian behaviour, ecology, epidemiology, evolutionary biology, and conservation. The real value of this long-term study is particularly apparent with current and globally relevant challenges such as climate change, disease epidemics, and senescence. This unique dataset enables us to examine these issues in a context that only a half-century experiment can reveal.The Badgers of Wytham Woods will appeal to a broad audience of professional academics (especially carnivore and mammalian biologists), researchers and students at all levels, governmental and non-governmental wildlife bodies, and to the natural historian fascinated by wild animals and the remarkable processes of nature they exemplify.

The badgers of Wytham Woods (Oxford, UK) have been studied continuously and intensively by David Macdonald for almost 50 years (25 of them with his former student and co-author Chris Newman), generating a wealth of data pertaining to every facet of their ecology and evolution. Through a mix of accessible, highly readable prose and cutting-edge science, the authors weave a riveting scientific story of the lives of these intriguing creatures, highlighting the insights offered to science more broadly through badgers as a model system. They provide a paradigm - from population down to molecule - for a deeper understanding of mammalian behaviour, ecology, epidemiology, evolutionary biology, and conservation. The real value of this long-term study is particularly apparent with current and globally relevant challenges such as climate change, disease epidemics, and senescence. This unique dataset enables us to examine these issues in a context that only a half-century experiment can reveal.The Badgers of Wytham Woods will appeal to a broad audience of professional academics (especially carnivore and mammalian biologists), researchers and students at all levels, governmental and non-governmental wildlife bodies, and to the natural historian fascinated by wild animals and the remarkable processes of nature they exemplify.

The editors utilize their 50 years of combined experience in professional engagement with the behaviour and ecology of wild felids to draw together a unique network of the world's most respected and knowledgeable experts. For the first time, this inter-disciplinary research programme is brought together within a single volume. Beginning with a complete account of all 36 felid species, there follow 8 comprehensive review chapters that span all the topics most relevant to felid conservation science, including evolution and systematics, felid form and function, genetic applications, behavioural ecology, management of species that come into conflict with people and control of international trade in felid species, conservation tools/techniques, ex situ management, and felid diseases. 19 detailed case studies then delve deeply into syntheses of the very best species investigations worldwide, written by all the leading figures in the field. These chapters portray the unique attributes of the wild felids, describe their fascinating (and conflicting) relationship with humans, and create an unparalleled platform for future research and conservation measures. A final chapter analyses the requirements of, and inter-disciplinary approaches to, practical conservation with cutting-edge examples of conservation science and action that go far beyond the cat family.

The editors utilize their 50 years of combined experience in professional engagement with the behaviour and ecology of wild felids to draw together a unique network of the world's most respected and knowledgeable experts. For the first time, this inter-disciplinary research programme is brought together within a single volume. Beginning with a complete account of all 36 felid species, there follow 8 comprehensive review chapters that span all the topics most relevant to felid conservation science, including evolution and systematics, felid form and function, genetic applications, behavioural ecology, management of species that come into conflict with people and control of international trade in felid species, conservation tools/techniques, ex situ management, and felid diseases. 19 detailed case studies then delve deeply into syntheses of the very best species investigations worldwide, written by all the leading figures in the field. These chapters portray the unique attributes of the wild felids, describe their fascinating (and conflicting) relationship with humans, and create an unparalleled platform for future research and conservation measures. A final chapter analyses the requirements of, and inter-disciplinary approaches to, practical conservation with cutting-edge examples of conservation science and action that go far beyond the cat family.

To the dentist or maxillofacial practitioner, radiology is an essential diagnostic discipline and a valuable tool for treatment planning. Now more than ever, dentists are often the first to encounter lesions of the face and jaws and are frequently held liable for recognizing pathologies and other sites of concern. Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology: A Diagnostic Approach provides clinicians of varied disciplines and skill levels a practical and systematic approach to diagnosing lesions affecting the face and jaws. Firmly grounded in evidence-based research, the book presents a clear understanding of the clinical impact of each lesion within a prospective diagnosis.

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology is logically organized, beginning with the basics of radiological diagnosis before discussing each of the advanced imaging modalities in turn. Modalities discussed include helical and cone-beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasonography. Later chapters cover radiological pathologies of the jaw, and also those of the head and neck immediately outside the oral and maxillofacial region. Written by a recognized expert in the field, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology contains a multitude of clinical images, practical examples, and flowcharts to facilitate differential diagnosis.

To the dentist or maxillofacial practitioner, radiology is an essential diagnostic discipline and a valuable tool for treatment planning. Now more than ever, dentists are often the first to encounter lesions of the face and jaws and are frequently held liable for recognizing pathologies and other sites of concern. Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology: A Diagnostic Approach provides clinicians of varied disciplines and skill levels a practical and systematic approach to diagnosing lesions affecting the face and jaws. Firmly grounded in evidence-based research, the book presents a clear understanding of the clinical impact of each lesion within a prospective diagnosis.

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology is logically organized, beginning with the basics of radiological diagnosis before discussing each of the advanced imaging modalities in turn. Modalities discussed include helical and cone-beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasonography. Later chapters cover radiological pathologies of the jaw, and also those of the head and neck immediately outside the oral and maxillofacial region. Written by a recognized expert in the field, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology contains a multitude of clinical images, practical examples, and flowcharts to facilitate differential diagnosis.

'Afghanistan is seen as a major drug producer, but its own people are becoming the victims. ... David Macdonald not only explores [the reasons for this] but also tells an addictive tale that is difficult to resist.' Shirazuddin Siddiqi, BBC'This stunning book provides a first hand account of the Afghan drug problem. David Macdonald has written the definitive text on drugs in Afghanistan.' Professor Gerry Stimson, Executive Director, International Harm Reduction Association 'David Macdonald tells a story about the diversity of drug use in Afghanistan that no one has ever told before.' Ethan Nadelmann, Executive Director, Drug Policy Alliance, New YorkAfghanistan is the world's largest producer of opium and heroin. This book explores the devastating impact that the drugs trade has had on the Afghan people. Author David Macdonald has worked as a drugs advisor to the UN. Based on his extensive experience, this book breaks down the myths surrounding the cultivation and consumption of drugs, providing a detailed analysis of the history of drug use within the country. He examines the impact of over 25 years of continuous conflict, and shows how poverty and instability has led to an increase in drugs consumption. He also considers the recent rise in the use of pharmaceutical drugs, resulting in dangerous chemical cocktails and analyses the effect of Afghanistan's drug trade on neighbouring countries.

Practical Machinery Safety aims to provide you with the knowledge to tackle machinery safety control problems at a practical level whilst achieving compliance with national and international standards.The book highlights the major international standards that are used to support compliance with EU regulations and uses these standards as a basis for the design procedures. It looks at the risk assessment processes used to identify hazards and to quantify the risks inherent in a machine. It introduces the concepts of safety categories as defined by standard EN954-1 (Safety of Machinery) and illustrates the principles of failsafe design, fault tolerance and self-testing.It also provides an introduction to machinery protection devices such as guards, enclosures with interlocks and guard-monitoring relays, locking systems, safety mats, photo-electric and electro-sensitive principles and the application of light curtains, a study of Safety Control System techniques, and introduces the principles of safety-certified PLCs.

Since 2001, when the previous edition of this award-winning encyclopedia was published, new advances in molecular evolution and changes in how scientists view the classification of mammals resulted in a restructuring of the older classification system. This new approach means that certain animals, such as moles, shrews, and insectivores, are now reclassed based on molecular and other biological evidence that has been collected over the last five years. In three comprehensive, beautifully illustrated volumes, ""The Encyclopedia of Mammals, Second Edition"" brings the extensive research on this topic up to date as it reflects the latest thinking on mammalian evolution. All information in this set has been reviewed, updated, and expanded from the first edition, including six new special feature sections and an abundance of full-color photographs and illustrations. With the emergence of new archaeological evidence, the discussion of the age and evolution of man has been reopened, and this set addresses the role and development of mammalian evolution in the 21st century. Written by a team of advisory editors and some of the world's leading biologists, ""The Encyclopedia of Mammals, Second Edition"" remains unparalleled in scope and authority. New features include: current information on various threats to endangered species during the 21st century; two new essays covering recent developments in mammalian conservation; a completely new essay in the Primates section on the evolution of hominids; and a featured essay on man as a single species.

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology: A Diagnostic Approach, Second Edition is a fully updated and revised edition of this richly illustrated reference to the wide range of diagnostic imaging modalities available for investigating lesions affecting the face and jaws.  

Provides extensive flowcharts detailing the steps of diagnosis and decisions Features more than 450 clinical images, including many multi-part figures, demonstrating the concepts discussed, with more images covering cone beam computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and interventional procedures Discusses differences in the demographic, clinical and radiological presentations, and outcomes of treatment due to ethnicity Presents practical approaches firmly grounded in the scientific literature, focusing on the most common and important lesions Includes perspectives from experts in various specialty areas, including medical radiologists, oral and maxillofacial radiologists, functional imaging specialists, and radiation oncologists

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology: A Diagnostic Approach, Second Edition is a fully updated and revised edition of this richly illustrated reference to the wide range of diagnostic imaging modalities available for investigating lesions affecting the face and jaws.  

Provides extensive flowcharts detailing the steps of diagnosis and decisions Features more than 450 clinical images, including many multi-part figures, demonstrating the concepts discussed, with more images covering cone beam computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and interventional procedures Discusses differences in the demographic, clinical and radiological presentations, and outcomes of treatment due to ethnicity Presents practical approaches firmly grounded in the scientific literature, focusing on the most common and important lesions Includes perspectives from experts in various specialty areas, including medical radiologists, oral and maxillofacial radiologists, functional imaging specialists, and radiation oncologists

This important new book addresses key topics in contemporary conservation biology. Written by an internationally renowned team of authors, Key Topics in Conservation Biology explores cutting-edge issues in modern biodiversity conservation, including controversial subjects such as rarity and prioritization, conflict between people and wildlife, the human aspect of conservation, the relevance of animal welfare, and the role of nongovernment organizations. Key Topics also tackles the management of wildlife diseases, and examines the impact of bushmeat extraction and the role of hunting in the conservationist's toolbox. Other essays explore basic tools of conservation biology, such as computer modeling, conservation genetics, metapopulation processes, and the ingenious use of hi-tech equipment. Each topic is explored by three top international experts, assembled to bring their cross-cutting knowledge to a penetrating synthesis of the issues from both theoretical and practical perspectives. The interdisciplinary nature of biodiversity conservation is reflected throughout the book. Each essay examines the fundamental principles of the topic, the methodologies involved and, crucially, the human dimension. In this way, Key Topics in Conservation Biology embraces the issues from cutting-edge ecological science to policy, environmental economics, governance, ethics, and the practical issues of implementation.Key Topics in Conservation Biology will be a valuable resource in universities and colleges, government departments, and conservation agencies. It is aimed particularly at senior undergraduate and graduate students in conservation biology and wildlife management, and those taking Masters degrees in any field relevant to conservation. Conservation practitioners, policy-makers, and the wider general public eager to understand more about important environmental issues will also find this book invaluable.

This important new book addresses key topics in contemporary conservation biology. Written by an internationally renowned team of authors, Key Topics in Conservation Biology explores cutting-edge issues in modern biodiversity conservation, including controversial subjects such as rarity and prioritization, conflict between people and wildlife, the human aspect of conservation, the relevance of animal welfare, and the role of nongovernment organizations. Key Topics also tackles the management of wildlife diseases, and examines the impact of bushmeat extraction and the role of hunting in the conservationist''s toolbox. Other essays explore basic tools of conservation biology, such as computer modeling, conservation genetics, metapopulation processes, and the ingenious use of hi-tech equipment. Each topic is explored by three top international experts, assembled to bring their cross-cutting knowledge to a penetrating synthesis of the issues from both theoretical and practical perspectives.

The interdisciplinary nature of biodiversity conservation is reflected throughout the book. Each essay examines the fundamental principles of the topic, the methodologies involved and, crucially, the human dimension. In this way, Key Topics in Conservation Biology embraces the issues from cutting-edge ecological science to policy, environmental economics, governance, ethics, and the practical issues of implementation.

Key Topics in Conservation Biology will be a valuable resource in universities and colleges, government departments, and conservation agencies. It is aimed particularly at senior undergraduate and graduate students in conservation biology and wildlife management, and those taking Masters degrees in any field relevant to conservation. Conservation practitioners, policy-makers, and the wider general public eager to understand more about important environmental issues will also find this book invaluable.

The Story of the Many Ill-Fated Attempts by Europeans to Create Permanent Settlements in the New World The nations of the modern Americas began as successful colonies, but not all colonies succeeded, and the margin between colonies that survived and those that failed was small. Both contribute to our understanding of the ordeals of the Europeans who first settled in the New World and of the Native Americans who had to interact with them, but with the exception of the famous lost Roanoke colony, the failed colonies of North America remain largely unknown except to specialists in colonial history. The Spanish and French repeatedly attempted to colonize parts of Georgia, Florida, and Virginia, while the Dutch, French, and English sought to establish permanent settlements along the northern waterways of the New World. The greatest problem faced by every colony was the specter of starvation. Native Americans gave food to newly arrived colonists, but such generosity could not endure. Indigenous people soon realized that colonists of every nationality were prepared to make war against Native peoples, conquer, subjugate, and even massacre whole communities unless they were cooperative and offered no resistance to the intrusion into their territory. In response, Native Americans withheld aid or resorted to retaliatory violence, dooming many European settlements. In We Could Perceive No Sign of Them: Failed Colonies in North America, 1526–1689, historians David MacDonald and Raine Waters tell the fascinating stories of the many attempts to establish a European foothold in the New World, from the first Spanish colony in 1526 on the coast of Georgia to the final disastrous French endeavors near the arctic. Using primary source texts, the authors synthesize the shared experiences of Europeans to better understand the very fine line between success and failure and the varieties of Native American responses.

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries European powers vied for control of the land and resources in the Caribbean and Latin America. Colonies made Spain rich through gold, silver, and gems looted from the Native cultures, along with rare and exotic goods such as tobacco, sugar, and dyewood, and even humble products such as hides. In rapid turn, other European monarchies and merchants sent out colonizing expeditions to the region to exploit the resources of the New World, but creating permanent footholds was perilous. All European settlements founded in the New World faced a variety of challenges, including food supply, inconsistent support from Europe, leadership, ignorance of the area colonized, irrational expectations, religious discord, relations with Native peoples, and violent national rivalries. Colonies that succeeded and those that failed faced the same challenges, although in differing degrees and circumstances. The margin between survival and disaster was always small—there were few chances to succeed and the risk of failure was never far away. In Neither Hee Nor Any of His Companie Did Return Againe: Failed Colonies in the Caribbean and Latin America, 1492–1865, historians David MacDonald and Raine Waters examine the European, and later American, failures to establish permanent settlements in the region. Beginning with Columbus’s ill-conceived ventures, the authors discuss the efforts, from German claims in Venezuela and Scottish attempts in Panama to defeated Confederates fleeing to Mexico, Brazil, and elsewhere. For each colony, the primary source information is contextualized and evaluated. Along the way, the authors determine commonalities across these ill-fated colonies as well as underscore the fact that while Indigenous peoples of the region often vigorously resisted predatory European colonization, their numbers were decimated by relentless warfare, slave raids, and European diseases. As Indian populations declined, colonists imported African slaves in large numbers. The brutal treatment of slaves resulted in those who escaped creating their own settlements that existed in a state of endemic warfare with European colonists. An important contribution to Atlantic World studies, this volume reveals the fine line between colonies that thrived and those that failed.

How European settlers learned of the vast North American continent was often through the accounts of men who individually or in groups trekked into the wilderness. Their chief motivation was ascertaining or obtaining natural resources for commerce, such as beaver pelts and other hides, which took them from the eastern forests, across the Great Plains, into the Rocky Mountains, or to the Pacific Ocean—years before the celebrated Lewis and Clark Expedition. Their information about Indigenous Peoples, the landscape, and the waterways influenced the course of North American history. While a few frontiersmen, such as Daniel Boone, are well known, most—predominantly Canadian and French—are forgotten, their activities recalled only by scholars. Encountering North America: Profiles of Frontiersmen, 1650–1820 by David MacDonald and Raine Waters presents men whose far-reaching explorations opened the continent to further settlements and trade routes. One was torn between the French and British, while another between Indigenous and white societies. One was Spanish. One was an administrator, a force for order in an unsettled world. Two were certainly homicidal. As with the authors’ previous volumes on failed European attempts to colonize both North and South America, each narrative is supported by discursive commentary on the primary source materials available.