Donald Armstrong – författare

This book derives from a symposium conducted in San Francisco CA, entitled "Environmental Design for Optimum Vision in the Elderly" that was sponsored by the American Aging Association, October 11-12, 1985. Presentations from this symposium comprise the core content of this volume. However, manuscripts have also been accepted from additional authors whose topics and research findings increase the scope and goals of this volume. Previously unpublished data is found in several of the chapters. In addition new data and references have been incorporated at the end of chapters in order to provide a current update of the subject. The broad aims of the papers in this volume were to examine the effects of various environmental factors, long-term occupational hazards, and toxins on basic visual functions in relation to physiological, biochemical, morphological, and pathological alterations in the eye and visual pathways, and centers of the brain. As part of the more specific aims of this volume, the editors have provided the following framework for the specific topics included in this volume: I) Epidemiology, Clinical and Psychophysical Research, II) Ophthalmological, Biochemical, Physiological and Anatomical studies, and III) Environmental Hazards.

Donald Armstrong updates and expands his highly praised Free Radical and Antioxidant Protocols (Humana, 1998) with a collection of new and valuable methods for evaluating the pertubations in cell function resulting from increased oxidative stress. Presented in a user-friendly, step-by-step format, these readily reproducible techniques cover both free radical-derived and antioxidant biomarkers. The methodologies demonstrated include ELISA, HPLC, infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography mass spectroscopy, immunoblotting, electroelution fractionation, isoelectric focusing, voltametry, and electron paramagnetic resonance imaging. Special emphasis is given to the separation of complex mixtures of plant antioxidants, soft drug design to protect from toxic oxidative metabolites, in vitro oxidation conditions, and correcting for random measurement error to improve statistical interpretation. A soon-to-be-published companion volume, Oxidants and Antioxidants: Ultrastructural and Molecular Biology Protocols (0-89603-851-3), contains state-of-the-art molecular and ultrastructural methods that expand the total number of protocols to 109 assays.

In Oxidants and Antioxidants: Ultrastructural and Molecular Biology Protocols, a panel of world authorities present cutting-edge molecular and ultrastructure techniques for investigating the pathophysiology of oxidative stress. Described in step-by-step detail, these readily reproducible methods use the latest in immunodetection, X-ray diffraction, confocal microscopy, in situ hybridization, chemiluminescence, and cytofluorescence. Additional techniques take advantage of electron paramagnetic resonance, advanced glycation endproducts, Western blotting analysis, transcription factors, p47 phox translocation, and microsphere delivery systems. Two companion volumes, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Antioxidant Protocols (2002), and Free Radical and Antioxidant Protocols (1998), focus on the related biochemical and cellular biological methods.

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection: The Science of Free Radical Biology and< Disease provides an overview of the basic principles of free radical formation. The text delves into free radical formation in molecular biology and its effect on subcellular damage, as well as the role of antioxidant reserves as a protective mechanism.Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection begins with a historical perspective of pioneers in oxidative stress with an introductory section that explains the basic principles related to oxidative stress in biochemistry and molecular biology, demonstrating both pathways and biomarkers. This section also covers diagnostic imaging and differential diagnostics. The following section covers psychological, physiologic, pharmacologic and pathologic correlates. This section addresses inheritance, gender, nutrition, obesity, family history, behavior modification, natural herbal-botanical products, and supplementation in the treatment of disease. Clinical trials are also summarized for major medical disorders and efficacy of treatment, with particular focus on inflammation, immune response, recycling, disease progression, outcomes and interventions. Each of the chapters describes what biomarker(s) and physiological functions may be relevant to a concept of specific disease and potential alternative therapy. The chapters cover medical terminology, developmental change, effects of aging, senescence, lifespan, and wound healing, and also illustrates cross-over exposure to other fields. The final chapter covers how and when to interpret appropriate data used in entry level biostatistics and epidemiology.Authored and edited by leaders in the field, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers studying cell biology, molecular biology, and biochemistry, as well professionals in various health science fields.

An International Syaposiua on Free Radicals in Diagnostic Medicine was co-sponsored by the state University of New York at Buffalo, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, and the Upstate NY Section of the American Association of Clinical Chemistry. The theme was "A Systems Approach To Laboratory Technology, Clinical Correlations And Antioxidant Therapy." The symposium was held on October 7-8, 1993 at the Hyatt Hotel and on October 9 at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. This proceedings volume contains chapters from platform presentations, poster sessions and from invited special lectures in the areas of basic science, clinical applications and efficacy of treatment. A Special Lecture on the relevance of free radical analysis to clinical medicine was presented by Professor Kunio Yagi of Japan. The Yagi procedure to measure thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction reflects the amount of reactive substances, lipid peroxides and aldehydes, in the sample. For example, normal subjects will have less than 4 nmol/ml of serum lipid peroxides, while a person with diabetes generally has equal or greater than 5.0 and a diabetic person with vascular complications often exceeds 7.5 nmol/ml. Serum TBA is a clinically important measure that relates to aging, gender and estrogen as an antioxidant, in the prognosis for vascular disorders, and in pathological conditions relative to the amount of lipid peroxidation. The BASIC SCIENCES portion of the program examined: "Mechanisms of Action, Pathophysiology and Laboratory Tests" in six presentations.

As part of the more specific aims of this volume, the editors have provided the following framework for the specific topics included in this volume: I) Epidemiology, Clinical and Psychophysical Research, II) Ophthalmological, Biochemical, Physiological and Anatomical studies, and III) Environmental Hazards.

Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress III continues the thread of the first two books by covering technology ranging from a portable hand-held detector for remote analysis of antioxidant capacity to sophisticated technology such as shotgun lipidomics, mitochondrial imaging, nano sensors, fluorescent probes, chromatographic fingerprints, computational models and bio statistical applications. Several chapters have shown the effect of pro-oxidation and antioxidants as inflammatory mediators in signaling pathways leading from the initial stimulus to termination through redox cycles. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Comprehensive and practical, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress III offers to save investigators significant time and effort, allowing them to focus on their own personal topic of interest.

Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress III continues the thread of the first two books by covering technology ranging from a portable hand-held detector for remote analysis of antioxidant capacity to sophisticated technology such as shotgun lipidomics, mitochondrial imaging, nano sensors, fluorescent probes, chromatographic fingerprints, computational models and bio statistical applications. Several chapters have shown the effect of pro-oxidation and antioxidants as inflammatory mediators in signaling pathways leading from the initial stimulus to termination through redox cycles. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Comprehensive and practical, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress III offers to save investigators significant time and effort, allowing them to focus on their own personal topic of interest.

Expanding upon the research elucidated by the first volume of this collection, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress II presents thirty additional cutting-edge chapters focusing on novel techniques for detecting ROS/RNS, unique AOX technology and applications, gene expression and biostatistics for evaluating OS-derived experimental data. The international panel of authors also provide animal models and numerous studies concentrating on mitochondria during hypoxic conditions using advanced methods for pO2, peroxynitrate, reactive S-nitrosothiols, lipid peroxides, COX, and the mitochondrial membrane potential. Due to the dynamic nature of this topic, this book is the second of several volumes of Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress, all included in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series. As part of the series, the chapters of this volume present brief introductions to the respective subjects, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting to ensure easy replication of the technology involved.Authoritative and convenient, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress II is an ideal desk reference for scientists wishing to further the research in this exciting, unique, and vital field of study.

The emergence of nanotechnology has had a profound effect on almost every aspect of the 21st century’s daily life. It has had a revolutionary impact from stain-resistant clothing and cosmetics to environmental issues , including energy and medicine and even aerospace engineering.  In Oxidative Stress and Nanotechnology: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail various aspects of nanotechnology from the oxidative stress point of view. Focusing on synthesis of different antioxidant nanoparticles and antioxidant-loaded nanoparticles, as well as their in vitro/ in vivo mechanisms of action along with their clinical relevance. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Oxidative Stress and Nanotechnology: Methods and Protocols seeks to aid scientists in the further study of techniques for nanotechnology in pathophysiology and protection from the oxidative stress point of view.

Protocols books specializing in measuring free radical and antioxidant biomarkers began to be published in 1998. Many of these methods are currently finding use in diagnostic medicine. Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress I covers the field of oxidative stress with state-of-the-art technology to utilize in research, contributed by an international panel of experts renowned for developing new procedures and methods.  Included are sections on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species techniques, antioxidant technology and application, methods for analyzing gene expression, the exciting new area of oxidative stress and stem cell differentiation and specific biostatistical evaluation of biomarkers.  This volume presents the current high-tech methodologies and provides a perspective on the diversity of applications in the ever-emerging field of free radical reactions and antioxidants.  Due to the dynamic nature of this topic, this book will be the first of several volumes of Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress, all part of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series.  As part of the series, the chapters include a brief introduction to the material, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and ensuring replication of technology.Cutting-edge and convenient, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress I is an ideal desk reference for scientists wishing to further this research in this exciting, unique and vital field of study.

Essential in biological functions like cell signaling and, when disturbed, a likely cause of disease, lipids have proven to be a vital force in cell biology. In Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols, an international panel of experts present a wide variety of reviewed as well as unpublished data on isolation techniques, structural analysis, lipid rafts, lipid trafficking and profiling, biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, biostatistics applied to lipids, software tools, and bioinformatics. These studies range from simple systems, such as in yeast, to complex biological models. Samples used in these studies include: mitochondria, microsomes, endosomal membranes, RBS and plasma membranes, vesicles, caveolae, liposomes, macrophages, meibum, brain, microglia, retina, adipose tissue, keratinocytes, pulmonary surfactant, and hepatic cultures. Volume 1 focuses on shotgun and global lipidomics, analytical approaches, and lipid maps. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, the chapters include useful introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary equipment and materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and authoritative notes on troubleshooting and avoiding common pitfalls.Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols will support researchers who wish to increase their utilization of lipidomics, which will certainly lead to more powerful technology, improved diagnostic-prognostic capabilities, and the identification of new valuable products.

Essential in biological functions like cell signaling and, when disturbed, a likely cause of disease, lipids have proven to be a vital force in cell biology. In Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols, an international panel of experts present a wide variety of reviewed as well as unpublished data on isolation techniques, structural analysis, lipid rafts, lipid trafficking and profiling, biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, biostatistics applied to lipids, software tools, and bioinformatics. These studies range from simple systems, such as in yeast, to complex biological models. Samples used in these studies include: mitochondria, microsomes, endosomal membranes, RBS and plasma membranes, vesicles, caveolae, liposomes, macrophages, meibum, brain, microglia, retina, adipose tissue, keratinocytes, pulmonary surfactant, and hepatic cultures. Volume 2 focuses on oxidized lipids, trafficking and profiling, software, bioinformatics, and biostatistics. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, the chapters include useful introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary equipment and materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and authoritative notes on troubleshooting and avoiding common pitfalls.Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols will support researchers who wish to increase their utilization of lipidomics, which will certainly lead to more powerful technology, improved diagnostic-prognostic capabilities, and the identification of new valuable products.

Expanding upon the research elucidated by the first volume of this collection, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress II presents thirty additional cutting-edge chapters focusing on novel techniques for detecting ROS/RNS, unique AOX technology and applications, gene expression and biostatistics for evaluating OS-derived experimental data. The international panel of authors also provide animal models and numerous studies concentrating on mitochondria during hypoxic conditions using advanced methods for pO2, peroxynitrate, reactive S-nitrosothiols, lipid peroxides, COX, and the mitochondrial membrane potential. Due to the dynamic nature of this topic, this book is the second of several volumes of Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress, all included in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series. As part of the series, the chapters of this volume present brief introductions to the respective subjects, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting to ensure easy replication of the technology involved.Authoritative and convenient, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress II is an ideal desk reference for scientists wishing to further the research in this exciting, unique, and vital field of study.

Donald Armstrong updates and expands his highly praised Free Radical and Antioxidant Protocols (Humana, 1998) with a collection of new and valuable methods for evaluating the pertubations in cell function resulting from increased oxidative stress. Presented in a user-friendly, step-by-step format, these readily reproducible techniques cover both free radical-derived and antioxidant biomarkers. The methodologies demonstrated include ELISA, HPLC, infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, immunoblotting, electroelution fractionation, isoelectric focusing, voltametry, and electron paramagnetic resonance imaging. Special emphasis is given to the separation of complex mixtures of plant antioxidants, soft drug design to protect from toxic oxidative metabolites, in vitro oxidation conditions, and correcting for random measurement error to improve statistical interpretation. A soon-to-be-published companion volume, Oxidants and Antioxidants: Ultrastructural and Molecular Biology Protocols (0-89603-851-3), contains state-of-the-art molecular and ultrastructural methods that expand the total number of protocols to 109 assays.

In Oxidants and Antioxidants: Ultrastructural and Molecular Biology Protocols, a panel of world authorities present cutting-edge molecular and ultrastructure techniques for investigating the pathophysiology of oxidative stress. Described in step-by-step detail, these readily reproducible methods use the latest in immunodetection, X-ray diffraction, confocal microscopy, in situ hybridization, chemiluminescence, and cytofluorescence. Additional techniques take advantage of electron paramagnetic resonance, advanced glycation endproducts, Western blotting analysis, transcription factors, p47 phox translocation, and microsphere delivery systems. Two companion volumes, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Antioxidant Protocols (2002), and Free Radical and Antioxidant Protocols (1998), focus on the related biochemical and cellular biological methods.

Protocols books specializing in measuring free radical and antioxidant biomarkers began to be published in 1998. Many of these methods are currently finding use in diagnostic medicine. Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress I covers the field of oxidative stress with state-of-the-art technology to utilize in research, contributed by an international panel of experts renowned for developing new procedures and methods.  Included are sections on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species techniques, antioxidant technology and application, methods for analyzing gene expression, the exciting new area of oxidative stress and stem cell differentiation and specific biostatistical evaluation of biomarkers.  This volume presents the current high-tech methodologies and provides a perspective on the diversity of applications in the ever-emerging field of free radical reactions and antioxidants.  Due to the dynamic nature of this topic, this book will be the first of several volumes of Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress, all part of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series.  As part of the series, the chapters include a brief introduction to the material, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and ensuring replication of technology.Cutting-edge and convenient, Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress I is an ideal desk reference for scientists wishing to further this research in this exciting, unique and vital field of study.

Essential in biological functions like cell signaling and, when disturbed, a likely cause of disease, lipids have proven to be a vital force in cell biology. In Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols, an international panel of experts present a wide variety of reviewed as well as unpublished data on isolation techniques, structural analysis, lipid rafts, lipid trafficking and profiling, biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, biostatistics applied to lipids, software tools, and bioinformatics. These studies range from simple systems, such as in yeast, to complex biological models. Samples used in these studies include: mitochondria, microsomes, endosomal membranes, RBS and plasma membranes, vesicles, caveolae, liposomes, macrophages, meibum, brain, microglia, retina, adipose tissue, keratinocytes, pulmonary surfactant, and hepatic cultures. Volume 1 focuses on shotgun and global lipidomics, analytical approaches, and lipid maps. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, the chapters include useful introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary equipment and materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and authoritative notes on troubleshooting and avoiding common pitfalls.Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols will support researchers who wish to increase their utilization of lipidomics, which will certainly lead to more powerful technology, improved diagnostic-prognostic capabilities, and the identification of new valuable products.

Essential in biological functions like cell signaling and, when disturbed, a likely cause of disease, lipids have proven to be a vital force in cell biology. In Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols, an international panel of experts present a wide variety of reviewed as well as unpublished data on isolation techniques, structural analysis, lipid rafts, lipid trafficking and profiling, biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, biostatistics applied to lipids, software tools, and bioinformatics. These studies range from simple systems, such as in yeast, to complex biological models. Samples used in these studies include: mitochondria, microsomes, endosomal membranes, RBS and plasma membranes, vesicles, caveolae, liposomes, macrophages, meibum, brain, microglia, retina, adipose tissue, keratinocytes, pulmonary surfactant, and hepatic cultures. Volume 2 focuses on oxidized lipids, trafficking and profiling, software, bioinformatics, and biostatistics. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, the chapters include useful introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary equipment and materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and authoritative notes on troubleshooting and avoiding common pitfalls.Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Lipidomics: Methods and Protocols will support researchers who wish to increase their utilization of lipidomics, which will certainly lead to more powerful technology, improved diagnostic-prognostic capabilities, and the identification of new valuable products.