During the last two decades of the 20th century, applied ethics has not only developed into one of the most important philosophical disciplines but has also differentiated into so many subdisciplines that it is becoming increasingly difficult to survey it. An overview is of the field is provided by the 18 contributions to this volume, in which international experts deal with central questions of environmental ethics, bioethics and medical ethics, professional and business ethics, social, political, and legal ethics as well as with the aims and foundations of applied ethics in general. Including a philosophical introduction and selected bibliographical references added to each chapter, the book should well suited as a basis for courses in applied ethics. It is directed not only to philosophers and to ethicists from other disciplines but to scientists in general and to all people who are interested in the rational discussion of moral principles and their application to concrete problems in the sciences and in everyday life.

Free logic - i.e., logic free of existential presuppositions in general and with respect to singular terms in particular- began to come into its own as a field of research in the 1950s. As is the case with so many developments in Western philosophy, its roots can be traced back to ancient Greek philo­ sophy. It is only during the last fifty years, however, that it has become well established as a branch of modern logic. The name of Karel Lambert is most closely connected with this development: he gave it its name and its profile as a well defined field of research. After a development of fifty years, it is time to look back and take stock while at the same time scanning for new perspectives. This is the purpose of the papers collected in this volume. The first paper is written by Karel Lambert himself who also comments on all the papers of the other authors. In an introductory essay we give a survey of the present status of and new directions in free logic.

The main problem with regard to alloplastic joints is the loosening of the implant. Twenty years ago, Charnley first introduced bone cement to hip surgery, enabling total hip replacement to be practised on a larger scale. There is no question, however, that new approaches must be found to solving the problems of implant loosening, either by developing a new type of cement or by directly anchoring the implant without using ce- ment. Much research has been done in this direction in recent years. The methods which have already been tested or are currently being tested were presented and discussed at a symposium on Cementless Fixation of Endoprostheses organized by the Orthopaedic Clinic of the University of Basel and held on 24-26 June 1982. Various possible ap- proaches which might be realized in practice were discussed in a relaxed atmosphere. In addition to the biomechanical bases of cementless fixa- tion of endoprostheses, the various models were discussed, with special regard to their biocompatibility, physical characteristics, design, clinical applicability, and previous clinical experience. This book contains the papers delivered at this symposium.

Vor dem Hintergrund einer über 30jährigen Erfahrung zeigt dieses Werk den aktuellen Wissensstand der Endoprothetik. Es ist Dr.med.h.c. Otto Frey-Zünd gewidmet, der in gemeinsamer Pionierarbeit mit orthopädischen Chirurgen, Wissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren aus ganz Europa Kunstgelenke für Hüft-, Knie-, Ellenbogen- und Handgelenke entwickelt hat.

Vor dem Hintergrund einer uber 30jahrigen Erfahrung zeigt dieses Werk den aktuellen Wissensstand der Endoprothetik. Es ist Dr.med.h.c. Otto Frey-Zund gewidmet, der in gemeinsamer Pionierarbeit mit orthopadischen Chirurgen, Wissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren aus ganz Europa Kunstgelenke fur Huft-, Knie-, Ellenbogen- und Handgelenke entwickelt hat.

Modern endoprosthetics requires the examination of basic principles such as metallurgy, tribology, gait analysis, model and system development, methods of implant fixation, design, surface problems, material characteristics, stability behaviour, and operating techniques. With a background of more than 30 years of experience, this work presents a summary of these fields, providing the reader with the current state of knowledge. It is dedicated to Dr. med. h.c. Otto Frey-Zünd who, in conjunction with orthopaedic surgeons, scientists and engineers from all over Europe, developed artificial joints for hips, knees, elbows and wrists in over 30 years of pioneering work.

Modern endoprosthetics requires the examination of basic principles such as metallurgy, tribology, gait analysis, model and system development, methods of implant fixation, design, surface problems, material characteristics, stability behaviour, and operating techniques. With a background of more than 30 years of experience, this work presents a summary of these fields, providing the reader with the current state of knowledge. It is dedicated to Dr. med. h.c. Otto Frey-Zünd who, in conjunction with orthopaedic surgeons, scientists and engineers from all over Europe, developed artificial joints for hips, knees, elbows and wrists in over 30 years of pioneering work.

Free logic - i.e., logic free of existential presuppositions in general and with respect to singular terms in particular- began to come into its own as a field of research in the 1950s. As is the case with so many developments in Western philosophy, its roots can be traced back to ancient Greek philo­ sophy. It is only during the last fifty years, however, that it has become well established as a branch of modern logic. The name of Karel Lambert is most closely connected with this development: he gave it its name and its profile as a well defined field of research. After a development of fifty years, it is time to look back and take stock while at the same time scanning for new perspectives. This is the purpose of the papers collected in this volume. The first paper is written by Karel Lambert himself who also comments on all the papers of the other authors. In an introductory essay we give a survey of the present status of and new directions in free logic.

During the last two decades, applied ethics has not only developed into one of the most important philosophical disciplines but has also differentiated into so many subdisciplines that it is becoming increasingly difficult to survey it. A much-needed overview is provided by the eighteen contributions to this volume, in which internationally renowned experts deal with central questions of environmental ethics, bioethics and medical ethics, professional and business ethics, social, political, and legal ethics as well as with the aims and foundations of applied ethics in general. Thanks to a philosophical introduction and selected bibliographical references added to each chapter, the book is very well suited as a basis for courses in applied ethics. It is directed not only to philosophers and to ethicists from other disciplines but to scientists in general and to all people who are interested in the rational discussion of moral principles and their application to concrete problems in the sciences and in everyday life.

During the last two decades, applied ethics has not only developed into one of the most important philosophical disciplines but has also differentiated into so many subdisciplines that it is becoming increasingly difficult to survey it. A much-needed overview is provided by the eighteen contributions to this volume, in which internationally renowned experts deal with central questions of environmental ethics, bioethics and medical ethics, professional and business ethics, social, political, and legal ethics as well as with the aims and foundations of applied ethics in general. Thanks to a philosophical introduction and selected bibliographical references added to each chapter, the book is very well suited as a basis for courses in applied ethics. It is directed not only to philosophers and to ethicists from other disciplines but to scientists in general and to all people who are interested in the rational discussion of moral principles and their application to concrete problems in the sciences and in everyday life.

During the last two decades of the 20th century, applied ethics has not only developed into one of the most important philosophical disciplines but has also differentiated into so many subdisciplines that it is becoming increasingly difficult to survey it. An overview is of the field is provided by the 18 contributions to this volume, in which international experts deal with central questions of environmental ethics, bioethics and medical ethics, professional and business ethics, social, political, and legal ethics as well as with the aims and foundations of applied ethics in general. Including a philosophical introduction and selected bibliographical references added to each chapter, the book should well suited as a basis for courses in applied ethics. It is directed not only to philosophers and to ethicists from other disciplines but to scientists in general and to all people who are interested in the rational discussion of moral principles and their application to concrete problems in the sciences and in everyday life.

Free logic - i.e., logic free of existential presuppositions in general and with respect to singular terms in particular- began to come into its own as a field of research in the 1950s. As is the case with so many developments in Western philosophy, its roots can be traced back to ancient Greek philo­ sophy. It is only during the last fifty years, however, that it has become well established as a branch of modern logic. The name of Karel Lambert is most closely connected with this development: he gave it its name and its profile as a well defined field of research. After a development of fifty years, it is time to look back and take stock while at the same time scanning for new perspectives. This is the purpose of the papers collected in this volume. The first paper is written by Karel Lambert himself who also comments on all the papers of the other authors. In an introductory essay we give a survey of the present status of and new directions in free logic.

The main problem with regard to alloplastic joints is the loosening of the implant. Twenty years ago, Charnley first introduced bone cement to hip surgery, enabling total hip replacement to be practised on a larger scale. There is no question, however, that new approaches must be found to solving the problems of implant loosening, either by developing a new type of cement or by directly anchoring the implant without using ce- ment. Much research has been done in this direction in recent years. The methods which have already been tested or are currently being tested were presented and discussed at a symposium on Cementless Fixation of Endoprostheses organized by the Orthopaedic Clinic of the University of Basel and held on 24-26 June 1982. Various possible ap- proaches which might be realized in practice were discussed in a relaxed atmosphere. In addition to the biomechanical bases of cementless fixa- tion of endoprostheses, the various models were discussed, with special regard to their biocompatibility, physical characteristics, design, clinical applicability, and previous clinical experience. This book contains the papers delivered at this symposium.

Vor dem Hintergrund einer über 30jährigen Erfahrung zeigt dieses Werk den aktuellen Wissensstand der Endoprothetik. Es ist Dr.med.h.c. Otto Frey-Zünd gewidmet, der in gemeinsamer Pionierarbeit mit orthopädischen Chirurgen, Wissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren aus ganz Europa Kunstgelenke für Hüft-, Knie-, Ellenbogen- und Handgelenke entwickelt hat.

Vor dem Hintergrund einer uber 30jahrigen Erfahrung zeigt dieses Werk den aktuellen Wissensstand der Endoprothetik. Es ist Dr.med.h.c. Otto Frey-Zund gewidmet, der in gemeinsamer Pionierarbeit mit orthopadischen Chirurgen, Wissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren aus ganz Europa Kunstgelenke fur Huft-, Knie-, Ellenbogen- und Handgelenke entwickelt hat.

Modern endoprosthetics requires the examination of basic principles such as metallurgy, tribology, gait analysis, model and system development, methods of implant fixation, design, surface problems, material characteristics, stability behaviour, and operating techniques. With a background of more than 30 years of experience, this work presents a summary of these fields, providing the reader with the current state of knowledge. It is dedicated to Dr. med. h.c. Otto Frey-Zünd who, in conjunction with orthopaedic surgeons, scientists and engineers from all over Europe, developed artificial joints for hips, knees, elbows and wrists in over 30 years of pioneering work.

Modern endoprosthetics requires the examination of basic principles such as metallurgy, tribology, gait analysis, model and system development, methods of implant fixation, design, surface problems, material characteristics, stability behaviour, and operating techniques. With a background of more than 30 years of experience, this work presents a summary of these fields, providing the reader with the current state of knowledge. It is dedicated to Dr. med. h.c. Otto Frey-Zünd who, in conjunction with orthopaedic surgeons, scientists and engineers from all over Europe, developed artificial joints for hips, knees, elbows and wrists in over 30 years of pioneering work.

Free logic - i.e., logic free of existential presuppositions in general and with respect to singular terms in particular- began to come into its own as a field of research in the 1950s. As is the case with so many developments in Western philosophy, its roots can be traced back to ancient Greek philo­ sophy. It is only during the last fifty years, however, that it has become well established as a branch of modern logic. The name of Karel Lambert is most closely connected with this development: he gave it its name and its profile as a well defined field of research. After a development of fifty years, it is time to look back and take stock while at the same time scanning for new perspectives. This is the purpose of the papers collected in this volume. The first paper is written by Karel Lambert himself who also comments on all the papers of the other authors. In an introductory essay we give a survey of the present status of and new directions in free logic.

During the last two decades, applied ethics has not only developed into one of the most important philosophical disciplines but has also differentiated into so many subdisciplines that it is becoming increasingly difficult to survey it. A much-needed overview is provided by the eighteen contributions to this volume, in which internationally renowned experts deal with central questions of environmental ethics, bioethics and medical ethics, professional and business ethics, social, political, and legal ethics as well as with the aims and foundations of applied ethics in general. Thanks to a philosophical introduction and selected bibliographical references added to each chapter, the book is very well suited as a basis for courses in applied ethics. It is directed not only to philosophers and to ethicists from other disciplines but to scientists in general and to all people who are interested in the rational discussion of moral principles and their application to concrete problems in the sciences and in everyday life.

During the last two decades, applied ethics has not only developed into one of the most important philosophical disciplines but has also differentiated into so many subdisciplines that it is becoming increasingly difficult to survey it. A much-needed overview is provided by the eighteen contributions to this volume, in which internationally renowned experts deal with central questions of environmental ethics, bioethics and medical ethics, professional and business ethics, social, political, and legal ethics as well as with the aims and foundations of applied ethics in general. Thanks to a philosophical introduction and selected bibliographical references added to each chapter, the book is very well suited as a basis for courses in applied ethics. It is directed not only to philosophers and to ethicists from other disciplines but to scientists in general and to all people who are interested in the rational discussion of moral principles and their application to concrete problems in the sciences and in everyday life.