Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean – författare
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40 produkter
Häftad, Engelska, 2017
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Published since 1948, This is the sixty-eighth edition of the Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean, which corresponds to the year 2016, consists of three parts. Part I outlines the region's economic performance in 2015 and analyses trends in the first half of 2016, as well as the outlook for the rest of the year. It examines the external and internal factors influencing the region's economic performance and highlights some of the macroeconomic policy challenges that have arisen in an external context of weak growth and high levels of uncertainty. Part II analyses the challenges that the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean face at the domestic and international levels in mobilizing financing for development. On the domestic front, slower growth and tighter fiscal restrictions pose significant challenges for the mobilization of resources. Externally, the classification of many of the region's countries in the middle-income category limits their access to concessional external financing or international support. Part III of this publication contains the notes relating to the economic performance of the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean in 2015 and the first half of 2016, together with their respective statistical annexes. The cut-off date for updating the statistical information in this publication was 30 June 2016.
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PDF, Engelska, 2005500 kr
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This review of Chile's environmental policies and performance, carried out in co-operation with the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, systematically examines Chile's performance and policy with regards to air, water, nature conservation, and biodiversity. It also examines the environmental-economic interface, sectoral integration (mining, forestry, and aquaculture), and the environmental-social interface, as well as international commitments. It makes a series of recommendations and includes tables showing selected environmental and social data.
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PDF, Franska, 2005345 kr
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Cet examen des politiques et performances environnementales du Chili mene en collaboration avec la Commission economique pour l'Amerique latine et les Caraibes des Nations Unies est une analyse systematique des performances et de la politique du Chili concernant l'air, l'eau, la preservation de la nature et la biodiversite. Sont egalement abordees l'interface environnement-economie, l'integration sectorielle (industries extractives, foresterie et aquaculture), et l'interface social-environnement ainsi que les engagements internationaux. L'ouvrage comporte une serie de recommandations et de tableaux de donnees environnementales et sociales.
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PDF, Engelska, 2011278 kr
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Revenue Statistics in Latin America is a joint publication by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, the OECD Development Centre, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Inter-American Centre of Tax Administrations (CIAT). Its aim is to provide internationally comparable data on tax levels and tax structures for a selection of Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. By extending this OECD methodology to LAC countries Revenue Statistics in Latin America enables meaningful cross-country comparisons about tax levels and structures not only between LAC economies, but also between them and their industrialised peers.
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PDF, Engelska, 2012715 kr
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Even in the midst of a global financial crisis, Latin American and Caribbean economies find themselves in better condition than in years past. Latin America must seize this opportunity to design and implement good public policies. The greatest of the long-term objectives of Latin American states remains development: economic growth and structural change that is rapid, sustainable and inclusive. In particular, governments must reduce inequalities in income, public-service delivery and opportunities, as well as promote the diversification of economies, often concentrated on a few primary-product exports. Improved efficiency of public administration is crucial to address both the short-term and long-term dimensions of these challenges. The real change, however, will come if Latin American and Caribbean states carry out meaningful fiscal reforms, making them not only more efficient but also more effective. The increased effectiveness of fiscal policy holds the promise to provide resources needed to address the key challenges of economic development. Three key priority areas for investing additional resources have been highlighted by many governments in the region for their potential to raise competitiveness and social inclusion: education, infrastructure and innovation. In each of these areas, more efficient administration and more effective strategic action is needed from states.
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PDF, Franska, 2012715 kr
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La solide performance economique de l'Amerique latine depuis 2003 rend possible la transformation de l'Etat au service d'un developpement inclusif a long terme. Dans ce contexte, cette edition des Perspectives economiques de l'Amerique latine etudie la reforme de l'Etat et recommande une action immediate pour mettre en place de meilleures politiques publiques au service du developpement.
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PDF, Spanska, 2011715 kr
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En medio de una crisis financiera global, las economas de Amrica Latina y el Caribe se encuentran en mejor posicin para hacer frente a nuevos desafos. La regin debe aprovechar esta oportunidad para disear e implementar mejores polticas de desarrollo econmico y social. Esto implica conciliar cambios estructurales, crecimiento e inclusin social. Para ello, los gobiernos de la regin deben reducir las desigualdades en la distribucin del ingreso, mejorar el acceso a los servicios pblicos y a las oportunidades, y promover la diversificacin de economas frecuentemente dependientes de la exportacin de unos pocos productos primarios. Mejorar la eficiencia de la administracin pblica es crucial para enfrentar estos desafos de corto y largo plazo. El cambio decisivo solo se producir si Amrica Latina y el Caribe llevan a cabo reformas fiscales significativas que permitan asegurar los recursos necesarios para alcanzar los objetivos prioritarios del desarrollo. Los gobiernos de la regin han identificado tres reas fundamentales en las que se deben invertir recursos adicionales: educacin, infraestructura e innovacin y desarrollo productivo. Las tres tienen un gran potencial para aumentar la competitividad y la inclusin social. En cada una de ellas, se debe avanzar hacia administraciones pblicas ms eficientes y con capacidad de emprender con eficacia acciones estratgicas. ndice de materias: Captulo 1: Panorama macroeconmico Captulo 2: Hacia una gestin pblica para el desarrollo Captulo 3: La reforma de la poltica ?scal Captulo 4: Reformas en los sistemas educativos Captulo 5: Estado y reformas en las polticas pblicas de infraestructura Captulo 6: Institucionalidad para la innovacin y el desarrollo productivo
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PDF, Engelska, 2012715 kr
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Latin America has weathered the recent turbulence in the global economy with relative strength, but the region now faces - beyond the short-term global uncertainty -- important medium-term risks. Policy makers need to make use of the policy space at their disposal to lay the foundations for inclusive and sustainable growth. SMEs play a key role as they are an integral part of the economic fabric, comprising over 95% of firms in the region as well as providing employment for over 60% of the region's inhabitants. Nevertheless, relative to SMEs in the OECD, on average SMEs in Latin America exhibit low levels of relative productivity and weak links with the rest of the economy. In light of several decades of blanket SME policies with limited impacts in the region, this report proposes a more integrated approach that caters to the productive context and firm specificities. SMEs are part of a greater productive structure, and productive development policies need to be designed to address the particularities of heterogeneous SMEs. These differences can be manifested in many ways including the markets they serve, the types of products they produce, the level of technological sophistication and use of human capital involved in production, as well as the productive links with other firms in the industry. Providing policies which are adapted to the productive context requires co-ordination between various policy areas and levels of government to ensure that interventions are complimentary and effective. With this perspective in mind, the report explores key policy areas that address some of the main challenges to SMEs in the region including access to finance, skill development, innovation, and productive development.
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PDF, Spanska, 2012715 kr
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En el corto plazo, America Latina crecera a tasas relativamente altas y tiene margen para actuar contraciclicamente en caso que fuese necesario. Sin embargo, la region enfrenta un escenario de mediano plazo complejo. La menor demanda externa pondra al descubierto las limitaciones del actual patron de crecimiento basado en la escasa incorporacion de valor agregado y la exportacion de recursos naturales en muchos paises de la region. Los gobiernos latinoamericanos deben tomar ahora las medidas -consistentes con las politicas macroeconomicas de corto plazo- para fortalecer las estructuras productivas y superar los problemas de heterogeneidad estructural mediante la diversificacion y la mayor incorporacion de conocimiento. Las pymes latinoamericanas pueden transformarse en agentes importantes del cambio estructural y del aumento de la productividad. Un esfuerzo de esta naturaleza requiere de un cambio de enfoque en las politicas publicas hacia las pymes. Para que estas sean efectivas, se necesita una mayor coherencia, articulacion y coordinacion entre las politicas de infraestructura, la provision de servicios y las politicas sectoriales. En particular, las politicas en los ambitos de financiamiento, competencias y formacion, sistemas de innovacion y difusion tecnologica, y las politicas de articulacion productiva pueden ayudar a las pymes a superar sus barreras. Es necesario considerar las especificidades sectoriales, institucionales y territoriales. A su vez, su diseno debe de tomar en cuenta la heterogeneidad del conjunto de pymes en la region, ya que sus necesidades y potencial de desarrollo son muy diferentes. Para estas tareas hay que contar con instituciones capaces de liderar procesos complejos y con la flexibilidad para adaptarse a los cambiantes requerimientos del sector productivo.
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PDF, Engelska, 2012411 kr
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Revenue Statistics in Latin America is a joint publication by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, the OECD Development Centre, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Inter-American Centre of Tax Administrations (CIAT). Its aim is to provide internationally comparable data on tax levels and tax structures for a selection of Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. By extending this OECD methodology to LAC countries Revenue Statistics in Latin America enables meaningful cross-country comparisons about tax levels and structures not only between LAC economies, but also between them and their industrialised peers. This edition's special feature covers taxation and small and medium enterprises in Latin America.
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PDF, Engelska, 2013715 kr
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Latin American economies continue to present relatively stable growth but continued uncertainty with regards to the duration of the commodity boom could pose threats to medium-term growth and economic development. Latin American countries face increasing competition from emerging economies across the globe particularly in manufacturing sectors. In this context of shifting wealth, it is increasingly important to foster competitiveness and connectivity. Improving logistics performance is particularly important as it directly impacts growth, productivity, and trade within the region and beyond. The region's productive structure with significant concentration in natural resource and agriculture augment the importance of logistics in fostering competitiveness. Nevertheless, logistics performance in the region faces serious gaps particularly in the areas of customs performance and the availability of infrastructure. Improving these aspects will entail more and better investment in infrastructure, as well as making the most of existing infrastructure by putting in place efficient trade facilitation measures and efficient and appropriate regulatory frameworks. Coverage is provided for Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Columbia, Cuba, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatamala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
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PDF, Spanska, 2013715 kr
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La publicacion Perspectivas economicas de America Latina es el analisis anual del Centro de Desarrollo de la OCDE sobre la evolucion economica de America Latina. El informe es una publicacion conjunta del Centro de Desarrollo de la OCDE, la Comision Economica para America Latina y el Caribe de las Naciones Unidas (CEPAL) y la CAF, banco de desarrollo de America Latina. Cada edicion incluye un analisis macroeconomico de la region asi como un enfoque sobre la infl uencia del contexto global en la economia de la region. El informe tambien profundiza en temas relacionados con el desarrollo de la region, en donde se toman en cuenta los retos y las oportunidades que la region tiene por delante. Material adicional disponible en www.latameconomy.org .
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PDF, Engelska, 2014656 kr
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This report is the first OECD review of Colombia's environmental performance. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a focus on waste and chemicals management and policies that promote more effective and efficient protection and sustainable use of biodiversity.
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PDF, Franska, 2014676 kr
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Ce rapport est le premier examen environnemental de la Colombie. Il evalue les progres accomplis par la Colombie en termes de developpement durable et de croissance verte, avec un accent particulier sur la gestion des produits chimiques et l'adaptation au changement climatique.
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PDF, Engelska, 2014411 kr
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Uruguay has made remarkable progress over the past decade. Stable macroeconomic policies and a favourable external environment have permitted brisk growth and the financing of social policies. Substantial improvements in several dimensions of human well-being have occurred during this period, alongside considerable reductions in external risks. The conditions ahead, however, may present challenges to maintaining performance. Overcoming these challenges will require finding the appropriate balance between long run objectives and macroeconomic and fiscal stability. One of the main obstacles to economic growth is the insufficient and inadequate provision of human capital and skills. A number of challenges remain for education, which, together with fiscal policy, are key means of reducing inequalities and sustaining economic growth. In addition, Uruguay needs to address labour shortages to avoid constraints on future growth, especially as exports become more skills-intensive. It is important to orient social policies and expenditures towards the most vulnerable groups.
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PDF, Spanska, 2014411 kr
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Uruguay ha tenido notables progresos durante el ltimo decenio. Medidas macroeconmicas estables y el favorable entorno exterior han permitido un crecimiento dinmico y el financiamiento de polticas sociales. As mismo, se han mejorado sustancialmente varias dimensiones del marco de bienestar de las personas y se han paliado considerablemente los riesgos externos. Sin embargo, de cara al futuro, se plantean desafos al mantenimiento del desempeo. Para poder hacer frentes a estos desafos se requiere encontrar el balance entre objetivos de largo plazo y la estabilidad macroeconmica y fiscal. Uno de los principales obstculos al crecimiento econmico es la provisin insuficiente de capital humano y competencias. Varios retos persisten para la educacin, que, junto con la poltica fiscal, son recursos cruciales para reducir las desigualdades y mantener el desarrollo econmico. Adicionalmente, Uruguay necesita abordar los dficits de mano de obra para evitar restricciones a su crecimiento, especialmente ahora que las exportaciones son ms intentas en mano de obra calificada. Es importante orientar las polticas sociales y el gasto hacia los grupos ms vulnerables.
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PDF, Engelska, 2014473 kr
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The Latin American Economic Outlook is the OECD Development Centre's annual analysis of economic developments in Latin America. It is produced in partnership with the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) as well as CAF, the development bank of Latin America. Each edition includes a detailed macroeconomic overview as well as analysis of how the global context is shaping economic performance in the region. The Latin American Economic Outlook also takes an in-depth look at a special theme related to development in Latin America, taking into account future strategic challenges and opportunities. The 2015 edition focuses on the role of education, skills and innovation for development, taking stock of the current situation in the region, identifying the main challenges and opportunities in these fields, and presenting a series of policy areas where action is needed to impulse Latin America's development.
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PDF, Spanska, 2014715 kr
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La publicacion Perspectivas economicas de America Latina es el analisis anual del Centro de Desarrollo de la OCDE sobre la evolucion economica de America Latina. Se trata de una publicacion conjunta con la Comision Economica para America Latina y el Caribe de las Naciones Unidas (CEPAL) y la CAF, Banco de Desarrollo de America Latina. Cada edicion incluye un analisis macroeconomico asi como un enfoque sobre la influencia del contexto global en la economia de la region. El informe tambien profundiza en temas relacionados con el desarrollo en America Latina, teniendo en cuenta los retos y las oportunidades futuras.
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PDF, Engelska, 2015477 kr
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The Revenue Statistics in Latin America publication is jointly undertaken by the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, the OECD Development Centre, the Inter American Center of Tax Administrations (CIAT), the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Inter-American Development bank (IDB). It compiles comparable tax revenue statistics for a number of Latin American and Caribbean economies, the majority of which are not OECD member countries. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. Extending the OECD methodology to Latin American countries enables comparisons about tax levels and tax structures on a consistent basis, both among Latin American economies and between OECD and Latin American economies.
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PDF, Engelska, 2015689 kr
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The Latin American Economic Outlook 2016 is devoted to the evolving relationship between Latin America and China, as well as its prospects in the long term. China's transformation involves a gradual shift in its development strategy, including the rebalancing process from investment to consumption, the demographic transition, the structural transformation towards high value-added goods and services, and a "e;going-out"e; policy to approach other regions. This report lays the ground for discussing future trends in the relationship between China and Latin America, given these changing patterns. Based on the analysis of potential transmission channels of China's new model to the region, which include issues on trade, finance and skills, the outlook aims to identify strategies and policy responses for Latin America to overcome development challenges. Latin America and China can complement each other further and build a mutually beneficial partnership for development.
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PDF, Spanska, 2015689 kr
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La edicion 2016 de Perspectivas Economicas de America Latina explora los lazos cambiantes entre la region y China. A lo largo de la ultima decada, China se ha posicionado como uno de sus socios comerciales mas importantes. Esta relacion esta adquiriendo hoy una nueva dimension, y ofrece a America Latina la oportunidad para construir una asociacion mutuamente benefica. En la medida en que China se transforme gradualmente de una economia basada en las exportaciones y la inversion hacia una basada en el consumo y los servicios, entre otros factores, America Latina tiene mucho que ganar participando mas alla de un simple rol de proveedor de materias primas. El informe se basa en el analisis de diferentes canales a traves de los cuales el nuevo modelo de China impactara la region, incluyendo el comercio, el financiamiento y la estrategia de competencias. Con base en ellos, identifica respuestas de politica de largo plazo para contribuir a que America Latina fortalezca su asociacion con China. El reporte destaca experiencias valiosas y mejores practicas en estas areas y propone estrategias para permitir a la region consolidar un crecimiento de largo plazo mientras asegura continuidad en su agenda social.
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PDF, Engelska, 2016477 kr
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The Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean publication is jointly undertaken by the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, the OECD Development Centre, the Inter American Center of Tax Administrations (CIAT), the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Inter-American Development bank (IDB). It compiles comparable tax revenue statistics for a number of Latin American and Caribbean economies, the majority of which are not OECD member countries. The model is the OECD Revenue Statistics database which is a fundamental reference, backed by a well-established methodology, for OECD member countries. Extending the OECD methodology to Latin American and Caribbean countries enables comparisons about tax levels and tax structures on a consistent basis, both among themselves and between OECD and OECD economies.
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PDF, Engelska, 2016515 kr
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OECD Environmental Performance Reviews provide independent assessments of countries' progress towards their environmental policy objectives. Reviews promote peer learning, enhance government accountability, and provide targeted recommendations aimed at improving environmental performance, individually and collectively. They are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data, and evidence-based analysis. Each cycle of Environmental Performance Reviews covers all OECD countries and selected partner economies. This report is the second Environmental Performance Review of Chile. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a focus on climate change and biodiversity conservation and sustainable use.
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Engelska, 2016515 kr
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OECD Environmental Performance Reviews provide independent assessments of countries' progress towards their environmental policy objectives. Reviews promote peer learning, enhance government accountability, and provide targeted recommendations aimed at improving environmental performance, individually and collectively. They are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data, and evidence-based analysis. Each cycle of Environmental Performance Reviews covers all OECD countries and selected partner economies. This report is the second Environmental Performance Review of Chile. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with a focus on climate change and biodiversity conservation and sustainable use.
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PDF, Engelska, 2016636 kr
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The 2017 edition of the Latin American Economic Outlook explores youth, skills and entrepreneurship. Young Latin Americans embody the region's promise and perils. They stand at the crossroads of a region whose once promising economy and social progress are now undergoing a slowdown. The Outlook identifies potential strategies and policy responses to help Latin America and the Caribbean revive economic growth. While development can stem from different sources, skills and entrepreneurship can empower youth to develop knowledge-intensive economic activities, boost productivity and transform the region's politics as they transition successfully from the world of school to the world of productive work and create that future they seek. The report highlights valuable experiences and best practices in these fields and proposes strategies to allow Latin America to consolidate long-term growth while assuring continuity in the social agenda.
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PDF, Spanska, 2016636 kr
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La edicion 2017 del informe Perspectivas Economicas de America Latina aborda el tema de la juventud, sus competencias y oportunidades de emprendimiento en la region. Los jovenes latinoamericanos encarnan las promesas y los desafios de sus paises, situados en la encrucijada de una region que tras una decada de crecimiento economico y progreso social se enfrenta a un panorama de desaceleracion. El informe identifica estrategias y soluciones para reactivar el crecimiento economico y el progreso social de America Latina y el Caribe. Las competencias y el emprendimiento pueden empoderar a los jovenes para desarrollar actividades economicas intensivas en conocimiento, estimular la productividad y transformar la politica de la region, facilitando la transicion de la escuela al mundo del trabajo y dandoles herramientas para construir el futuro al que aspiran. Este estudio pone de relieve experiencias valiosas y buenas practicas en estas areas al tiempo que propone estrategias para consolidar el crecimiento a largo plazo de America Latina y el Caribe asegurando la continuidad de la agenda social.
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PDF, Franska, 2017159 kr
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Les Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE sont des valuations indpendantes des progrs accomplis par les pays pour tenir leurs objectifs environnementaux. Ces examens sont destins favoriser les changes de bonnes pratiques, aider les gouvernements rendre compte de leurs politiques et amliorer la performance environnementale, individuelle et collective, des pays. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ventail de donnes conomiques et environnementales. Au cours de chaque cycle d'examens environnementaux, l'OCDE passe en revue l'ensemble de ses pays membres ainsi que certains pays partenaires. Les derniers pays examins sont le Brsil (2015), les Pays-Bas (2015) et la France (2016). Ce rapport est le deuxime examen environnemental du Chili. Il value ses progrs en matire de dveloppement durable et de croissance verte, avec un accent particulier sur le changement climatique et sur la conservation et l'exploitation durable de la biodiversit. Cette version franaise est une version abrge de la version originale de la publication, OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Chile 2016. Elle inclut notamment l'avant-propos, le rsum et les recommandations qui donne une vue d'ensemble du rapport.
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PDF, Kinesiska, 2017444 kr
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PDF, Engelska, 2017636 kr
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The Environmental Performance Review programme of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) provides independent assessments of countries' progress in achieving their domestic and international environmental policy commitments, together with policy-relevant recommendations. The reviews are conducted to promote peer learning, enhance governments' accountability to each other and to the public, and to improve countries' environmental performance, individually and collectively. The OECD has been conducting these reviews since 1992, supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data. Each cycle of the Environmental Performance Reviews covers all OECD member countries and selected partner countries. The most recent reviews include: Colombia (2014), Spain (2015), Brazil (2015) and Chile (2016). The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has promoted environmental reviews in Latin America and the Caribbean, in cooperation with the OECD, and has undertaken similar assessments in the states of Amazonas and Acre in Brazil. Part I. Progress toward sustainable development Chapter 1. Background and key environmental trendsChapter 2. Policy-making environmentChapter 3. Economy and the environmentChapter 4. Society and environmentChapter 5. International co-operation and commitments Part II. Environmental quality of life Chapter 6. Air quality managementChapter 7. Management of waste and chemicalsChapter 8. Water resourcesChapter 9. Biodiversity Part III. Use of natural resources base Chapter 10. Farming and forestryChapter 11. FisheriesChapter 12. Mining sector Annex I: Selected Data
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Engelska, 2017636 kr
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The Environmental Performance Review programme of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) provides independent assessments of countries' progress in achieving their domestic and international environmental policy commitments, together with policy-relevant recommendations. The reviews are conducted to promote peer learning, enhance governments' accountability to each other and to the public, and to improve countries' environmental performance, individually and collectively. The OECD has been conducting these reviews since 1992, supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data. Each cycle of the Environmental Performance Reviews covers all OECD member countries and selected partner countries. The most recent reviews include: Colombia (2014), Spain (2015), Brazil (2015) and Chile (2016). The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has promoted environmental reviews in Latin America and the Caribbean, in cooperation with the OECD, and has undertaken similar assessments in the states of Amazonas and Acre in Brazil. Part I. Progress toward sustainable development Chapter 1. Background and key environmental trendsChapter 2. Policy-making environmentChapter 3. Economy and the environmentChapter 4. Society and environmentChapter 5. International co-operation and commitments Part II. Environmental quality of life Chapter 6. Air quality managementChapter 7. Management of waste and chemicalsChapter 8. Water resourcesChapter 9. Biodiversity Part III. Use of natural resources base Chapter 10. Farming and forestryChapter 11. FisheriesChapter 12. Mining sector Annex I: Selected Data