Eelco F.M. Wijdicks – författare

Neurocritical Care is a primer for physicians seeing patients in the neurointensive care unit, with a specific focus on interventions in acute neurologic disorders. Neurocritical care in daily practice involves management of deteriorating patients, treatment of complications, along with end-of-life care assisting families with problematic decisions. A great number of pertinent topics can be found in this case-based book.Written with a conversational tone and using a case-based approach, the emphasis is on how to oversee comparatively common clinical problems emergently. The goal is to provide readily implementable solutions and to challenge the reader with making acute decisions in common patient examples. The brief discussions boil down to the essentials and bare necessities of neurocritical care. This third edition has over twenty new cases with new coverage on contemporary issues. Expansion of previously discussed topics include additional complications in traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage, complications after craniotomy, elusive rapid progressive brain disease, "wake-up stroke" immune checkpoint inhibitor and CAR-T cell therapy complications, complications of LVAD, and early prognostication and communication conundrums. An easy read for new physicians, residents, and medical students, it provides practical advice from the authors' seasoned experiences.

Core Principles of Acute Neurology is a series of short volumes that handles major topics not found in sufficient detail elsewhere and provides useful context. Solving Critical Consults provide practical information on how to evaluate complicated neurology consults in the ICU. The diagnosis and management of neurologic complications of acutely ill hospitalized patients remains challenging. The modern intensive care unit is a different place with different patients, and consultants may require a specific expertise in handling complications associated with critical illness. Some of these requests for consultation include not only diagnosis of the neurologic state, but also assistance with management at all levels. Prognostication in devastating situations or when the critical illness has come under control is a common request.

Core Principles of Acute Neurology is a series of short volumes that handles major topics not found in sufficient detail elsewhere and provides useful context. Solving Critical Consults provide practical information on how to evaluate complicated neurology consults in the ICU. The diagnosis and management of neurologic complications of acutely ill hospitalized patients remains challenging. The modern intensive care unit is a different place with different patients, and consultants may require a specific expertise in handling complications associated with critical illness. Some of these requests for consultation include not only diagnosis of the neurologic state, but also assistance with management at all levels. Prognostication in devastating situations or when the critical illness has come under control is a common request.

Core Principles of Acute Neurology is a series of short volumes that handles major topics not found in sufficient detail elsewhere and provides useful context. Solving Critical Consults provide practical information on how to evaluate complicated neurology consults in the ICU. The diagnosis and management of neurologic complications of acutely ill hospitalized patients remains challenging. The modern intensive care unit is a different place with different patients, and consultants may require a specific expertise in handling complications associated with critical illness. Some of these requests for consultation include not only diagnosis of the neurologic state, but also assistance with management at all levels. Prognostication in devastating situations or when the critical illness has come under control is a common request.

Fully updated and revised, the second edition of The Practice of Emergency and Critical Care Neurology puts a more modern approach on the practice of emergency neurological care. When most texts within the field focus on the theoretical aspects, this book concentrates on the management of neurologic conditions, recognition of deterioration of neurologic functions, neurosurgical procedures, and immediate interventions. This text also presents hard data to explain why we do what we do. Dr. Wijdicks condenses essential information into several sections comprising of the principles in recognizing critically ill neurologic patients in the emergency department, the evaluation of symptoms indicating critical emergency, general principles of managing critically ill patients, monitoring devices and diagnostic tests, complete management of specific disorders in the neurosciences intensive care unit, postoperative neurosurgical and neurointerventional complications, management of medical complications, and end of life care.Key Features of the New Edition include1. Additional chapters on critical consults in surgical and medical ICUs, critical care management, and comprehensive monitoring and biomarkers to reflect new research; 2. Rich illustrations using color photos of patients and drawings of important basic concepts of mechanism of acute neurologic disease; 3. Fully updated and comprehensive reference list;4. A pocket book of selected tables and figures covering all essential points for quick reference and as a survival guide for house staff.This is the go-to guide for every physician, staff neurologist, neurointensivist, resident, and fellow in training with managing acutely ill neurologic patients.

Fully updated and revised, the second edition of The Practice of Emergency and Critical Care Neurology puts a more modern approach on the practice of emergency neurological care. When most texts within the field focus on the theoretical aspects, this book concentrates on the management of neurologic conditions, recognition of deterioration of neurologic functions, neurosurgical procedures, and immediate interventions. This text also presents hard data to explain why we do what we do. Dr. Wijdicks condenses essential information into several sections comprising of the principles in recognizing critically ill neurologic patients in the emergency department, the evaluation of symptoms indicating critical emergency, general principles of managing critically ill patients, monitoring devices and diagnostic tests, complete management of specific disorders in the neurosciences intensive care unit, postoperative neurosurgical and neurointerventional complications, management of medical complications, and end of life care.Key Features of the New Edition include1. Additional chapters on critical consults in surgical and medical ICUs, critical care management, and comprehensive monitoring and biomarkers to reflect new research; 2. Rich illustrations using color photos of patients and drawings of important basic concepts of mechanism of acute neurologic disease; 3. Fully updated and comprehensive reference list;4. A pocket book of selected tables and figures covering all essential points for quick reference and as a survival guide for house staff.This is the go-to guide for every physician, staff neurologist, neurointensivist, resident, and fellow in training with managing acutely ill neurologic patients.

Selected Figures and Tables from The Practice of Emergency and Critical Care Neurology, 2nd Edition condenses the main conclusions from each chapter of The Practice of Emergency and Critical Care Neurology, 2nd Edition into a concise and handy pocketbook. Designed as a quick reference, the pocketbook pulls together the most important tables and figures, putting hard to find information in one easy reference. This is by no means a replacement for the larger text, but rather, a quick, yet comprehensive volume to keep what is most vital on hand. Along with the tables and figures, the pocketbook includes important formulas and rating scales, guides to verifying a dose, guides to writing an order set and to provide emergency care of critically ill neurologic patients, guideline references, and a section at the back of the book to allow the practitioner to take notes. This is the go-to guide for every physician, staff neurologist, neurointensivist, resident, and fellow in training with managing acutely ill neurologic patients.

Patients in the neurointensive care unit pose many clinical challenges for the attending physician. Even experienced clinicians occasionally arrive at the point where diagnostic, work-up, treatment, or prognostic thinking becomes stymied. In daily practice, neurocritical care pertains to managing deteriorating patients, treatment of complications but also end-of-life care assisting families with difficult decisions. Part of the "What Do I Do Now?" series, Neurocritical Care provides insight into interventions in acute neurologic disorders. Using a case-based approach, this volume emphasizes how to handle comparatively common clinical problems emergently. New to this edition are cases on monitoring and prognostication. All cases have been carefully revised, and new information, references, and practical tables have been added. Neurocritical Care is both an engaging collection of thought-provoking cases and a self-assessment tool that tests the reader's ability to answer the question, "What do I do now?"

Your purchase of the print version of Brain Death includes access to videos available via Oxford Medicine Online. By activating your unique access code, you can discover these videos, and use them for teaching and training purposes. Brain Death provides a practical, comprehensive, clinical resource for practitioners seeing patients with acute catastrophic neurologic disorders evolving to brain death and all its ramifications. The clinical diagnosis of brain death has tremendous implications: its main purpose is to bring closure, but it often results in organ and tissue transplantation questions which need to be addressed. This third edition introduces new research in the intensive care unit, newly unearthed historical data on important US-UK differences, a thorough discussion of US guidelines and how it is used in hospital practices, and compares guidelines used elsewhere in the world. In this incisive work, the many complexities of diagnosis and management of brain death are examined but it also illuminates cultural beliefs and bioethical problems, highlights the nature of conferences with family members, and captures several organ procurement issues. The book also includes 30 commonly asked practice problems to resolve diagnostic uncertainties and conflicts along with 12 video clips to assist in neurological evaluation. Brain Death is a treatise by the leading expert on brain death, Eelco F.M. Wijdicks. This book is a work of primary source research and includes work from recent publications by the author. It is an invaluable resource for neurologists, neurointensivists, neurosurgeons, anesthesiologists, trauma surgeons, neuroscience and intensive care nursing staff, transplantation surgeons, and organ procurement organizations.

Neurocritical Care Pharmacotherapy: A Clinican's Guide is a practical, succinct but comprehensive pharmacy handbook provides up-to-date clinical guidance on the effective selection, prescription, and usage of neurocritical care drugs for patients with acute neurologic illnesses. The treatment of the critically ill neurologic patient is often difficult, specialized, and includes drugs infrequently used in other intensive care units such as antiepileptic drugs, osmotic agents or acute immunotherapy such as intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange.This text discusses choosing the right combination of drugs; how to correctly prescribe and administer the drugs; how to monitor drug efficacy and side effects; how neurocritical care drugs interact with other medications; and comprehensive coverage of current treatment options. Key Feature of this Manual Include· A brief discussion of the basic pharmacology of each neurocritical drug, with an emphasis on how to select and use these drugs in multiple clinical contexts.· 150 drugs accompanied by a diagram for quick comprehension and drug administration guides. · Unique blending of expertise of neurointensivist with a critical care pharmacist to provide a vital resource for both specialities· References for further reading that are oriented toward utility in clinical practice.

Cinema, MD follows the intersection of medicine and film and how filmmakers wrote a history of medicine over time. The narrative follows several main story lines: How did the portrayal of physicians, nurses, and medical institutions change over the years? What interested filmmakers, and which topics had priority? What does film's obsession with experiments and monstrosities reveal about medical ethics and malpractice? How could the public's perception of the medical profession change when watching these films on diseases and treatments, including palliative care and medical ethics? Are screenwriters, actors, and film directors channeling a popular view of medicine?Cinema, MD analyzes not only changing practices, changing morals, and changing expectations but also medical stereotypes, medical activism, and violations of patients' integrity and autonomy. Examining over 400 films with medical themes over a century of cinema, this book establishes the cultural, medical, and historical importance of the art form. Film allows us to see our humanity, our frailty, and our dependence when illness strikes. Cinema, MD provides uniquely new and fascinating insight into both film criticism and the history of medicine and has a resonance to the medical world we live in today.

Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review is an all-inclusive review of the pathophysiology and care of the neurocritically ill and critically ill patient. The book reviews the core major critical care and neurocritical care disorders, underlying pathophysiology, treatment decisions with questions and answers for self-directed study and board review purposes. The text is succinct, to the point, relevant, informative, and up-to-date with information from recent clinical trials and facts based on evidence-based medicine. The references are up-to-date and include the most recent critical care guidelines for further study. The book is written and closely supervised by experienced Mayo Clinic faculty and reviewed in detail by the editors. The book is suitable for self-study towards neurocritical care boards and a number of critical care board examinations and certification exams. Tables, explanatory drawings, and bullet points are used throughout the text for high-yield learning.

Written by a practicing critical care neurologist, this books includes a historical overview of the concepts of consciousness and unconsciousness, principles of neurologic examination of the comatose patient including instruction of a new coma scale - the 'FOUR Score', interpretation of neuroimaging and its role in daily practice and decision making, management in the emergency room and ICU and long-term supportive care and approach to communication with family members and end-of-life decisions. It also discusses landmark legal cases and ethical problems and a chapter is devoted to the public perception of coma.

Neurologic consultations are essential to patient outcomes, not only providing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic advice but also directing care to the patient. Neurologic Complications of Critical Illness is the foremost guide for neurologists entering the intensive care unit (ICU). This fourth edition has been thoroughly updated, refreshed, and expanded in recognition of the vast number of changes in neurology and neurocritical care. In addition, every chapter provides a representative selection of the state-of-the art management and latest clinical innovations in critical care medicine. As with previous editions, the book offers practical advice on dealing with coma and outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), failure to awaken after surgery, delirium, new onset seizures, generalized weakness, acute paraplegia, movement disorders and many other manifestations of a neurologic emergency such as complications after organ transplantation, neurologic complications of invasive procedures and devices, complications from cardiac surgery, traumatic brain, spine and peripheral nerve injury, and environmental injuries such as hypothermia and near drowning. Chapters include a wealth of helpful tables, precise algorithms, and a large, curated selection of neuroimaging. Each chapter has a section to reconcile theory and practice. This edition offers new chapters on the interpretation of focal findings and acute movement disorders in critical illness, cancer immunotherapy and ethical dilemmas. This clinical text with dedicated coverage of all major neurologic illnesses will be helpful to a very wide audience of health care providers and any intensivist and general neurologist managing complex medical disorders, surgeries, and co-morbidities.

Neurologic consultations are essential to patient outcomes, not only providing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic advice but also directing care to the patient. Neurologic Complications of Critical Illness is the foremost guide for neurologists entering the intensive care unit (ICU). This fourth edition has been thoroughly updated, refreshed, and expanded in recognition of the vast number of changes in neurology and neurocritical care. In addition, every chapter provides a representative selection of the state-of-the art management and latest clinical innovations in critical care medicine. As with previous editions, the book offers practical advice on dealing with coma and outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), failure to awaken after surgery, delirium, new onset seizures, generalized weakness, acute paraplegia, movement disorders and many other manifestations of a neurologic emergency such as complications after organ transplantation, neurologic complications of invasive procedures and devices, complications from cardiac surgery, traumatic brain, spine and peripheral nerve injury, and environmental injuries such as hypothermia and near drowning. Chapters include a wealth of helpful tables, precise algorithms, and a large, curated selection of neuroimaging. Each chapter has a section to reconcile theory and practice. This edition offers new chapters on the interpretation of focal findings and acute movement disorders in critical illness, cancer immunotherapy and ethical dilemmas. This clinical text with dedicated coverage of all major neurologic illnesses will be helpful to a very wide audience of health care providers and any intensivist and general neurologist managing complex medical disorders, surgeries, and co-morbidities.

Neurologic consultations are essential to patient outcomes, not only providing diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic advice but also directing care to the patient. Neurologic Complications of Critical Illness is the foremost guide for neurologists entering the intensive care unit (ICU). This fourth edition has been thoroughly updated, refreshed, and expanded in recognition of the vast number of changes in neurology and neurocritical care. In addition, every chapter provides a representative selection of the state-of-the art management and latest clinical innovations in critical care medicine. As with previous editions, the book offers practical advice on dealing with coma and outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), failure to awaken after surgery, delirium, new onset seizures, generalized weakness, acute paraplegia, movement disorders and many other manifestations of a neurologic emergency such as complications after organ transplantation, neurologic complications of invasive procedures and devices, complications from cardiac surgery, traumatic brain, spine and peripheral nerve injury, and environmental injuries such as hypothermia and near drowning. Chapters include a wealth of helpful tables, precise algorithms, and a large, curated selection of neuroimaging. Each chapter has a section to reconcile theory and practice. This edition offers new chapters on the interpretation of focal findings and acute movement disorders in critical illness, cancer immunotherapy and ethical dilemmas. This clinical text with dedicated coverage of all major neurologic illnesses will be helpful to a very wide audience of health care providers and any intensivist and general neurologist managing complex medical disorders, surgeries, and co-morbidities.

As a medium that aims to connect people through the communication and interpretation of experiences, cinema is uniquely positioned to showcase cultural misunderstandings around issues of mental health. Frames of Minds traces a history of psychiatry in film, concentrating on the major paradigm shifts in neuropsychiatry over the last century. Oftentimes, representations of psychiatry, mental illness, and psychotic breakdown are reduced to tropes and used by filmmakers as a tool for plot progression. Conversely, films can be used as an avenue to voice common concerns about the missteps of psychiatry, including overdiagnosis and mistreatment. Dr. Eelco Wijdicks provides fresh insights into the minds of filmmakers and how they creatively tackle this complex topic. How do filmmakers use psychiatry, and what do they want us to see? What is their frame of mind--psychoanalytically, biologically, sociologically, anthropologically? Were they influenced by their own prejudices about the origins of mental illness? How does this influence the direction of their films?Examining the history of film alongside developments in neuropsychiatry, Frames of Minds uncovers a cinematic language of psychiatry. By taking chances to portray mental illness, filmmakers aim to achieve a sense of reality, and provide catharsis for viewers through the act of dramatization. Ultimately, the history of psychiatry in film is a history of the public perception of medicine, and the ways psychiatry is understood by directors, writers, actors, and audiences.

As a medium that aims to connect people through the communication and interpretation of experiences, cinema is uniquely positioned to showcase cultural misunderstandings around issues of mental health. Frames of Minds traces a history of psychiatry in film, concentrating on the major paradigm shifts in neuropsychiatry over the last century. Oftentimes, representations of psychiatry, mental illness, and psychotic breakdown are reduced to tropes and used by filmmakers as a tool for plot progression. Conversely, films can be used as an avenue to voice common concerns about the missteps of psychiatry, including overdiagnosis and mistreatment. Dr. Eelco Wijdicks provides fresh insights into the minds of filmmakers and how they creatively tackle this complex topic. How do filmmakers use psychiatry, and what do they want us to see? What is their frame of mind--psychoanalytically, biologically, sociologically, anthropologically? Were they influenced by their own prejudices about the origins of mental illness? How does this influence the direction of their films?Examining the history of film alongside developments in neuropsychiatry, Frames of Minds uncovers a cinematic language of psychiatry. By taking chances to portray mental illness, filmmakers aim to achieve a sense of reality, and provide catharsis for viewers through the act of dramatization. Ultimately, the history of psychiatry in film is a history of the public perception of medicine, and the ways psychiatry is understood by directors, writers, actors, and audiences.

As a medium that aims to connect people through the communication and interpretation of experiences, cinema is uniquely positioned to showcase cultural misunderstandings around issues of mental health. Frames of Minds traces a history of psychiatry in film, concentrating on the major paradigm shifts in neuropsychiatry over the last century. Oftentimes, representations of psychiatry, mental illness, and psychotic breakdown are reduced to tropes and used by filmmakers as a tool for plot progression. Conversely, films can be used as an avenue to voice common concerns about the missteps of psychiatry, including overdiagnosis and mistreatment. Dr. Eelco Wijdicks provides fresh insights into the minds of filmmakers and how they creatively tackle this complex topic. How do filmmakers use psychiatry, and what do they want us to see? What is their frame of mind--psychoanalytically, biologically, sociologically, anthropologically? Were they influenced by their own prejudices about the origins of mental illness? How does this influence the direction of their films?Examining the history of film alongside developments in neuropsychiatry, Frames of Minds uncovers a cinematic language of psychiatry. By taking chances to portray mental illness, filmmakers aim to achieve a sense of reality, and provide catharsis for viewers through the act of dramatization. Ultimately, the history of psychiatry in film is a history of the public perception of medicine, and the ways psychiatry is understood by directors, writers, actors, and audiences.

Neurocritical Care is a primer for physicians seeing patients in the neurointensive care unit, with a specific focus on interventions in acute neurologic disorders. Neurocritical care in daily practice involves management of deteriorating patients, treatment of complications, along with end-of-life care assisting families with problematic decisions. A great number of pertinent topics can be found in this case-based book. Written with a conversational tone and using a case-based approach, the emphasis is on how to oversee comparatively common clinical problems emergently. The goal is to provide readily implementable solutions and to challenge the reader with making acute decisions in common patient examples. The brief discussions boil down to the essentials and bare necessities of neurocritical care. This third edition has over twenty new cases with new coverage on contemporary issues. Expansion of previously discussed topics include additional complications in traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage, complications after craniotomy, elusive rapid progressive brain disease, "e;wake-up stroke"e; immune checkpoint inhibitor and CAR-T cell therapy complications, complications of LVAD, and early prognostication and communication conundrums. An easy read for new physicians, residents, and medical students, it provides practical advice from the authors' seasoned experiences.

Neurocritical Care is a primer for physicians seeing patients in the neurointensive care unit, with a specific focus on interventions in acute neurologic disorders. Neurocritical care in daily practice involves management of deteriorating patients, treatment of complications, along with end-of-life care assisting families with problematic decisions. A great number of pertinent topics can be found in this case-based book. Written with a conversational tone and using a case-based approach, the emphasis is on how to oversee comparatively common clinical problems emergently. The goal is to provide readily implementable solutions and to challenge the reader with making acute decisions in common patient examples. The brief discussions boil down to the essentials and bare necessities of neurocritical care. This third edition has over twenty new cases with new coverage on contemporary issues. Expansion of previously discussed topics include additional complications in traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage, complications after craniotomy, elusive rapid progressive brain disease, "e;wake-up stroke"e; immune checkpoint inhibitor and CAR-T cell therapy complications, complications of LVAD, and early prognostication and communication conundrums. An easy read for new physicians, residents, and medical students, it provides practical advice from the authors' seasoned experiences.

The medical state of acutely hospitalized neurologic patients is often compromised. This title in Core Principles of Acute Neurology does focus on how certain neurologic conditions can inflict damage to other organ systems and what systemic complications most frequently jeopardize patients with primary neurological disorders. Providing Acute Care carefully summarizes the necessary orders and treatment plan and initial management of expected complications. Each system is discussed in a separate chapter and the crucial initial decisions are presented in an easy to read narrative. This book provides a ready to use template and basic knowledge in patients sick enough to require close attention, but who do not need to be in an intensive care unit.

The medical state of acutely hospitalized neurologic patients is often compromised. This title in Core Principles of Acute Neurology does focus on how certain neurologic conditions can inflict damage to other organ systems and what systemic complications most frequently jeopardize patients with primary neurological disorders. Providing Acute Care carefully summarizes the necessary orders and treatment plan and initial management of expected complications. Each system is discussed in a separate chapter and the crucial initial decisions are presented in an easy to read narrative. This book provides a ready to use template and basic knowledge in patients sick enough to require close attention, but who do not need to be in an intensive care unit.

Core Principles of Acute Neurology is a series of short volumes that handles major topics not found in sufficient detail elsewhere and provides useful context. Identifying Neuroemergencies provides practical information on how to best manage and triage patients in the first hour of admission in the Emergency Department. Physicians consider a neurologic emergency when the patient has clearly worsened and their neurologic signs have changed. Correct decisions are imperative: any type of neurocritical illness demands immediate treatment in the emergency department. Neurologist can assist further with the successful triage of the neurologic emergency and this volume in the Core Principles of Acute Neurology will serve as a handy, concise, reference to both the neurologist and the emergency physician.

Core Principles of Acute Neurology is a series of short volumes that handles major topics not found in sufficient detail elsewhere and provides useful context. Identifying Neuroemergencies provides practical information on how to best manage and triage patients in the first hour of admission in the Emergency Department. Physicians consider a neurologic emergency when the patient has clearly worsened and their neurologic signs have changed. Correct decisions are imperative: any type of neurocritical illness demands immediate treatment in the emergency department. Neurologist can assist further with the successful triage of the neurologic emergency and this volume in the Core Principles of Acute Neurology will serve as a handy, concise, reference to both the neurologist and the emergency physician.

Prognostication of acute neurologic disease is a major task for neurohospitalists and neurointensivists. The family conference raises the delicate matter of how to decide that outcome is indefinitely poor and how to define disability. This monograph is the first book on how to communicate prognosis in acute neurologic conditions. Communicating Prognosis includes useful data on prognosis in all major neurologic conditions and provides practical advice on how to effectively lead such a conference and how to resolve potential conflicts. This book provides straightforward common sense on- the- spot advice and touches on all aspects of support of devastated families.

Prognostication of acute neurologic disease is a major task for neurohospitalists and neurointensivists. The family conference raises the delicate matter of how to decide that outcome is indefinitely poor and how to define disability. This monograph is the first book on how to communicate prognosis in acute neurologic conditions. Communicating Prognosis includes useful data on prognosis in all major neurologic conditions and provides practical advice on how to effectively lead such a conference and how to resolve potential conflicts. This book provides straightforward common sense on- the- spot advice and touches on all aspects of support of devastated families.

In any acute neurologic condition situations come up which generate questions about management.In a deteriorating patient there is a strain in decision making and many acute problems are hard calls. Handling Difficult Situations includes solutions for these reoccurring dilemmas. Each topic is carefully chosen and reflects clinical practice. The book addresses how to recognize treatable coma, how to judge the severity of traumatic brain and spine injury, and discusses how to recognize neurosurgical emergencies.Handling Difficult Situations also includes recognition and management of acute respiratory neuromuscular failure. A separate chapter discusses errors in CT scan evaluation of acute neurologic conditions.

In any acute neurologic condition situations come up which generate questions about management.In a deteriorating patient there is a strain in decision making and many acute problems are hard calls. Handling Difficult Situations includes solutions for these reoccurring dilemmas. Each topic is carefully chosen and reflects clinical practice. The book addresses how to recognize treatable coma, how to judge the severity of traumatic brain and spine injury, and discusses how to recognize neurosurgical emergencies.Handling Difficult Situations also includes recognition and management of acute respiratory neuromuscular failure. A separate chapter discusses errors in CT scan evaluation of acute neurologic conditions.