Eugene Oks – författare

This book presents new advanced hydrogenic lineshape-based methods for spectroscopic diagnostics, which continue to be developed regularly. Its purpose is to bring together both recent and earlier diagnostic approaches and to compare them across a broad range of plasma sources within the unified context formed by stars of several types and laboratory plasmas that reproduce star-like conditions. Specifically, the proposed book covers hydrogenic lineshape-based spectroscopic diagnostics for stars, such as the quiet Sun, solar flares, flare stars, white dwarfs, and neutron stars. It also covers hydrogenic lineshape-based spectroscopic diagnostics for magnetically-controlled fusion plasmas, for laser-induced fusion plasmas, and for physical processes occurring during relativistic laser-plasma interactions. This book collects under one roof the relevant results that have appeared in various physics and astrophysics journals, thus making life easier for physicists and astrophysicists working in these research areas.

Plasma Spectroscopy systematically develops the foundations of spectroscopy for plasmas subjected to quasi-monochromatic electric fields in the microwave or visible range. Such fields may be due to longitudinal Langmuir waves or low hybrid oscillations, which are excited in pulsed discharged or by high-current beams of charged particles. Even more important are the transverse fields present in the plasmas of tokamaks, laser fusion, and technological microwave discharges. This book is intended for researchers dealing with plasma spectroscopy, plasma diagnostics, high frequency and microwave discharges, laser induced discharges, particle and laser-beam interactions with plasmas, controlled fusion, and ionospheric and astrophysical plasmas. It describes methods for measuring the field and plasma parameters and discusses their practical application. It also presents new results on nonpertubative analysis of the interaction of quantum systems with a strong radiation field.

Plasma Spectroscopy systematically develops the foundations of spectroscopy for plasmas subjected to quasi-monochromatic electric fields in the microwave or visible range. Such fields may be due to longitudinal Langmuir waves or low hybrid oscillations, which are excited in pulsed discharged or by high-current beams of charged particles. Even more important are the transverse fields present in the plasmas of tokamaks, laser fusion, and technological microwave discharges. This book is intended for researchers dealing with plasma spectroscopy, plasma diagnostics, high frequency and microwave discharges, laser induced discharges, particle and laser-beam interactions with plasmas, controlled fusion, and ionospheric and astrophysical plasmas. It describes methods for measuring the field and plasma parameters and discusses their practical application. It also presents new results on nonpertubative analysis of the interaction of quantum systems with a strong radiation field.

The book presents the following counterintuitive theoretical results breaking several paradigms of quantum mechanics and providing alternative interpretations of some important phenomena in atomic and molecular physics. 1) Singular solutions of the Schrödinger and Dirac equations should not have been always rejected: they can explain the experimental high-energy tail of the linear momentum distribution in the ground state of hydrogenic atoms. Application: a unique way to test intimate details of the nuclear structure by performing atomic (rather than nuclear) experiments and calculations. 2) Charge exchange is not really an inherently quantal phenomenon, but rather has classical roots. Application: continuum lowering in plasmas. 3) The most challenging problem of classical physics that led to the development of quantum mechanics — the failure to explain the stability of atoms — can be solved within a classical formalism that has its roots in Dirac's works. The underlying physics can be interpreted as a non-Einsteinian time dilation. 4) In two-electron atoms/ions, the spin-spin interaction (singular in its nature), usually considered unimportant, makes a significant contribution to the binding energy. 5) In magnetized plasmas the standard Inglis-Teller concept, concerning the number of observed lines in spectral series of hydrogen, breaks down. Application: new plasma diagnostic. 6) Extrema in transition energies of molecules/quasimiolecules can result in dips (rather than usually considered satellites) within spectral lines. Application: the experimental determination of rates of charge exchange between multicharged ions — important for magnetic fusion in Tokamaks, for population inversion in the soft x-ray and VUV ranges, for ion storage devices, and for astrophysics.

The book presents an advanced tool for experimentalists using spectral lineshapes for diagnostics of laboratory or astrophysical plasmas, and for theorists helping the experimentalists in interpreting the experimental line profiles. It significantly expands the scope of parameters of plasmas and/or fields in it that can be measured. For some parameters, the book presents new, more advanced diagnostic methods than the methods covered in the previous books.

The book presents very recent advances in understanding dark matter, dark energy effects, orbital dynamics of exoplanets around binary stars in non-planar configurations, the orbital dynamics of a moon in the star-planet systems, the orbital dynamics of interstellar interlopers around binary stars, the mechanisms of stellar flares, parameters of white dwarfs atmospheres. For achieving this purpose, the presentation covers a brief history of each topic (including a large number of references), provides detailed derivations of the recent advanced results, and illuminates the physics behind these advanced results. In particular, the book provides explanations of the latest perplexing astrophysical observations of the anomalous absorption of the 21 cm spectral line from the early Universe, as well as of the recent puzzling observational results by the Dark Energy Survey team, who found that the distribution of dark matter is smoother than predicted by Einstein’s general relativity. The book presents an overview of dark matter theories from the viewpoint of the Occam razor principle. The book presents also an alternative explanation for the era of the decelerating expansion of the Universe and the era of the accelerated expansion of the Universe – without resorting to dark energy or without introducing new gravitational degrees of freedom. The book presents analytical results on the trajectory of an interstellar interloper in the vicinity of a binary star – the results enabling to determine parameters of the interloper from observations. The fundamental importance of these results is due to the fact that our solar system has been recently visited by two interstellar interlopers: Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov. Further, the book presents advances in understanding mechanisms of stellar flares. By the analysis of the observations, it is shown that flare stars are the most favorable object for studying nonthermal physical phenomena in the visible range. Next, the book presents new results related to white dwarfs. White dwarfs are characterized by very strong magnetic fields: from 100 to 100000 Tesla. In these very strong magnetic fields, electrons in the atmospheric plasmas of white dwarfs move along helical trajectories. It is shown that the neglect of this effect leads to the overestimation of the electron density, deduced from the observed widths of Balmer lines, by several times. In view of these results, it is clear that there is required a very significant revision of the electron density deduced from all observations of hydrogen lines in white dwarfs. Finally, the book presents various types of the astrophysical evidence pointing to the existence of a parallel universe. Totally different kinds of astrophysical observations demonstrated that in our universe there exists a preferred direction. It is shown that there could be a parallel universe in this direction, both the parallel universe and our universe rotating about their barycenter.