Eugene S. Flamm – författare

Considerable impetus was given to the study and understanding of cere­ brovascular anatomy by Thomas Willis and his contemporaries in the seventeenth century, yet almost two hundred years were to pass before further significant advances were made in this field. Then, from the mid­ nineteenth century onwards, the dark ages of cerebrovascular research gradually lifted through the efforts of such workers as Luschka, Heubner, and Windle, whose pioneering anatomical studies formed the basis of the present-day understanding of the morphology of the cerebral circulation. The turn of the century saw an increasing influence of the early neurolo­ gists in describing anatomy of cerebral vessels in relation to their areas of distribution and to the production of focal deficits through specific vascu­ lar lesions and anomalies. Later still, Padget and others made important observations concerning phylogenetic and developmental aspects of the cerebral circulation. These anatomical and clinical studies were remarkable enough but the real breakthrough in investigating cerebral pathophysiology and in devis­ ing appropriate corrective neurosurgical procedures had to await the re­ markable advances in technology of the past fifty years. These began with the advent of cerebral angiography with all its subsequent refinements and progress has been accelerated through establishing noninvasive Doppler and high resolution ultrasound imaging techniques, methods for the accu­ rate measurement of cerebral blood flow, CT scanning, PET scanning, and, most recently, imaging and metabolic NMR scanning.

Considerable impetus was given to the study and understanding of cere- brovascular anatomy by Thomas Willis and his contemporaries in the seventeenth century, yet almost two hundred years were to pass before further significant advances were made in this field. Then, from the mid- nineteenth century onwards, the dark ages of cerebrovascular research gradually lifted through the efforts of such workers as Luschka, Heubner, and Windle, whose pioneering anatomieal studies formed the basis of the present-day understanding of the morphology of the cerebral circulation. The turn of the century saw an increasing influence of the early neurolo- gists in describing anatomy of cerebral vesseis in relation to their areas of distribution and to the production of focal deficits through specific vascu- lar lesions and anomalies. Later stiil, Padget and others made important observations concerning phylogenetic and developmental aspects of the cerebral circuIation.These anatomieal and dinieaI studies were remarkable enough but the real breakthrough in investigating cerebral pathophysiology and in devis- ing appropriate corrective neurosurgical procedures had to await the re- markable advances in technology of the past fifty years. These began with the advent of cerebral angiography with all its subsequent refinements and progress has been accelerated through estabIishing noninvasive Doppler and high resolution ultrasound imaging techniques, methods for the accu- rate measurement of cerebral blood f1ow, CT seanning, PET seanning, and, most recently, imaging and metabolic NMR seanning.

Considerable impetus was given to the study and understanding of cere- brovascular anatomy by Thomas Willis and his contemporaries in the sev",nteenth century, yet almost two hundred years were to pass before further significant advances were made in this field. Then, from the mid- nineteenth century onwards, the dark ages of cerebrovascular research gradually lifted through the efforts of such workers as Luschka, Heubner, and Windle, whose pioneering anatomical studies formed the basis of the present-day understanding of the morphology of the cerebral circulation. The turn of the century saw an increasing influence of the early neurolo- gists in describing anatomy of cerebral vessels in relation to their areas of distribution and to the production of focal deficits through specific vascu- lar lesions and anomalies. Later still, Padget and others made important observations concerning phylogenetic and developmental aspects of the cerebral circulation.These anatomical and clinical studies were remarkable enough but the real breakthrough in investigating cerebral pathophysiology and in devis- ing appropriate corrective neurosurgical procedures had to await the re- markable advances in technology of the past fifty years. These began with the advent of cerebral angiography with all its subsequent refinements and progress has been accelerated through establishing noninvasive Doppler and high resolution ultrasound imaging techniques, methods for the accu- rate measurement of cerebral blood flow, CT scanning, PET scanning, and, most recently, imaging and metabolic NMR scanning.

This catalogue, produced to accompany a 2011 exhibition at the Grolier Club, emphasizes the importance of the French national typographic and printing establishment the Imprimerie Nationale, arguably the most important printing house in Europe. Drawing from the ancient, vast, and comprehensive archives of the Imprimerie Nationale, it documents the significant influence of the press, not only on printing and the book arts, but also on French—and therefore European—literary culture from the mid-sixteenth century to the present day. Contributions by eminent scholars H. George Fletcher, Annie Parent-Charon, Isabelle de Conihout, and James Mosley provide valuable insights into and context for the items featured.