F. Owen – författare

Over the last five years a great deal has been discovered about the neurochemistry, biochemistry and molecular genetics of neuropsychiatric diseases. The significance of all three approaches is reviewed in this volume by an internationally recognized team of authors. Providing a valuable statement of the position of current research, this book should be of considerable interest to psychiatrists and neuroscientists. This book should be of interest to graduate researchers and students in clinical biochemistry, molecular biology and neurosciences.

is"0l m 5-HT Ante-mortem (m = metabolite) . ". ~ Post-mortem m 0 Noradrenaline ,,-'-'-'-'0-J ,,-'-'-'-'-'-'- m Dopamine ~ . '-'-'-'-'- . " Somatostatin . '1 Plaques Tangles * . ". . ". . 'I Synapse loss * ChAT " ACh synthesis l"-,. '-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'- ,,-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'-'- * Neuronal loss ,,- ,,- . ". * o 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 7 0. 8 0. 9 1. 0 Correlation coefficient with dementia rating Figure 2. 1 Various neurotransmitter and neuropathological measures on neocortex obtained either at diagnostic craniotomy (ante-mortem) or post-mortem and re- lationship to cognitive impairment (dementia rating). Asterisks identify significant correlations. Negative and positive correlations are not identified in this represen- tation of the data. Only the physiologically relevant measure of cholinergic neurones (acetylcholine synthesis) and indices of cortical pyramidal neurone degeneration (neuronal loss, synapse loss and tangles) correlate with severity of dementia. Note the lack of correlation with the structural marker of cholinergic neurones, ChAT activity. Loss of enzyme exceeded that of acetylcholine synthesis (Sims et al., 1983a), suggesting a compensatory increase in synthesis in the few remaining neurones. Data derived from Palmer (1987) and Terry et al. (1991). emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance, may some day pro- vide routine insight into differences in brain functioning. Success in developing rapid and reliable diagnostic procedures, perhaps based on changes in body fluid that reflect specific alterations in brain protein metabolism, should ultimately play an important role in the clinical development of new therapeutic agents.