Giuseppe Arbia - Böcker

Figure 1. 1. Map of Great Britain at two different scale levels. (a) Counties, (b)Regions. '-. " Figure 1. 2. Two alternative aggregations of the Italian provincie in 32 larger areas 4 CHAPTER 1 d . , b) Figure 1. 3 Percentage of votes of the Communist Party in the 1987 Italian political elections (a) and percentage of population over 75 years (b) in 1981 Italian Census in 32 polling districts. The polling districts with values above the average are shaded. Figure 1. 4: First order neighbours (a) and second order neighbours (b) of a reference area. INTRODUCTION 5 While there are several other problems relating to the analysis of areal data, the problem of estimating a spatial correlO!J'am merits special attention. The concept of the correlogram has been borrowed in the spatial literature from the time series analysis. Figure l. 4. a shows the first-order neighbours of a reference area, while Figure 1. 4. b displays the second-order neighbours of the same area. Higher-order neighbours can be defined in a similar fashion. While it is clear that the dependence is strongest between immediate neighbouring areas a certain degree of dependence may be present among higher-order neighbours. This has been shown to be an alternative way of look ing at the sca le problem (Cliff and Ord, 1981, p. l 23). However, unlike the case of a time series where each observation depends only on past observations, here dependence extends in all directions.

Spatial Microeconometrics introduces the reader to the basic concepts of spatial statistics, spatial econometrics and the spatial behavior of economic agents at the microeconomic level. Incorporating useful examples and presenting real data and datasets on real firms, the book takes the reader through the key topics in a systematic way. The book outlines the specificities of data that represent a set of interacting individuals with respect to traditional econometrics that treat their locational choices as exogenous and their economic behavior as independent. In particular, the authors address the consequences of neglecting such important sources of information on statistical inference and how to improve the model predictive performances. The book presents the theory, clarifies the concepts and instructs the readers on how to perform their own analyses, describing in detail the codes which are necessary when using the statistical language R. The book is written by leading figures in the field and is completely up to date with the very latest research. It will be invaluable for graduate students and researchers in economic geography, regional science, spatial econometrics, spatial statistics and urban economics.

Spatial Microeconometrics introduces the reader to the basic concepts of spatial statistics, spatial econometrics and the spatial behavior of economic agents at the microeconomic level. Incorporating useful examples and presenting real data and datasets on real firms, the book takes the reader through the key topics in a systematic way. The book outlines the specificities of data that represent a set of interacting individuals with respect to traditional econometrics that treat their locational choices as exogenous and their economic behavior as independent. In particular, the authors address the consequences of neglecting such important sources of information on statistical inference and how to improve the model predictive performances. The book presents the theory, clarifies the concepts and instructs the readers on how to perform their own analyses, describing in detail the codes which are necessary when using the statistical language R. The book is written by leading figures in the field and is completely up to date with the very latest research. It will be invaluable for graduate students and researchers in economic geography, regional science, spatial econometrics, spatial statistics and urban economics.

This book reveals the myriad aspects of Big Data collection and analysis, by defining and clarifying the meaning of Big Data and its unique characteristics in a non-technical and easy-to-follow way.

This book focuses on economic inequality, its measurement, and its relationship with economic growth and development. The book also analyzes three decades of theoretical and empirical evidence to understand this phenomenon and discusses a number of political measures to reduce economic disparities while stimulating economic growth.

This textbook offers a practical and engaging introduction to spatial econometric modelling, detailing the key models, methodologies and tools required to successfully apply a spatial approach.The second edition contains new methodological developments, new references and new software routines in R that have emerged since the first edition published in 2014. It also extends practical applications with the use of the software STATA and of the programming language Python. The first software is used increasingly by many economists, applied econometricians and social scientists while the software Python is becoming the elective choice in many scientific applications. With new statistical appendices in R, STATA and Python, as well as worked examples, learning questions, exercises and technical definitions, this is a significantly expanded second edition that will be a valuable resource for advanced students of econometrics.

This contributed volume applies spatial and space-time econometric methods to spatial interaction modeling. The first part of the book addresses general cutting-edge methodological questions in spatial econometric interaction modeling, which concern aspects such as coefficient interpretation, constrained estimation, and scale effects. The second part deals with technical solutions to particular estimation issues, such as intraregional flows, Bayesian PPML and VAR estimation. The final part presents a number of empirical applications, ranging from interregional tourism competition and domestic trade to space-time migration modeling and residential relocation.

This contributed volume applies spatial and space-time econometric methods to spatial interaction modeling. The first part of the book addresses general cutting-edge methodological questions in spatial econometric interaction modeling, which concern aspects such as coefficient interpretation, constrained estimation, and scale effects.

In recent years the so-called new economic geography and the issue of regional economic convergence have increasingly drawn the interest of economists to the empirical analysis of regional and spatial data. However, even if the methodology for econometric treatment of spatial data is well developed, there does not exist a textbook theoretically grounded, well motivated and easily accessible to eco- mists who are not specialists. Spatial econometric techniques receive little or no attention in the major econometric textbooks. Very occasionally the standard econometric textbooks devote a few paragraphs to the subject, but most of them simply ignore the subject. On the other hand spatial econometric books (such as Anselin, 1988 or Anselin, Florax and Rey, 2004) provide comprehensive and - haustive treatments of the topic, but are not always easily accessible for people whose main degree is not in quantitative economics or statistics. This book aims at bridging the gap between economic theory and spatial stat- tical methods. It starts by strongly motivating the reader towards the problem with examples based on real data, then provides a rigorous treatment, founded on s- chastic fields theory, of the basic spatial linear model, and finally discusses the simpler cases of violation of the classical regression assumptions that occur when dealing with spatial data.

In recent years the so-called new economic geography and the issue of regional economic convergence have increasingly drawn the interest of economists to the empirical analysis of regional and spatial data. However, even if the methodology for econometric treatment of spatial data is well developed, there does not exist a textbook theoretically grounded, well motivated and easily accessible to eco- mists who are not specialists. Spatial econometric techniques receive little or no attention in the major econometric textbooks. Very occasionally the standard econometric textbooks devote a few paragraphs to the subject, but most of them simply ignore the subject. On the other hand spatial econometric books (such as Anselin, 1988 or Anselin, Florax and Rey, 2004) provide comprehensive and - haustive treatments of the topic, but are not always easily accessible for people whose main degree is not in quantitative economics or statistics. This book aims at bridging the gap between economic theory and spatial stat- tical methods. It starts by strongly motivating the reader towards the problem with examples based on real data, then provides a rigorous treatment, founded on s- chastic fields theory, of the basic spatial linear model, and finally discusses the simpler cases of violation of the classical regression assumptions that occur when dealing with spatial data.

Spatial Econometrics is a rapidly evolving field born from the joint efforts of economists, statisticians, econometricians and regional scientists. The book provides the reader with a broad view of the topic by including both methodological and application papers. Indeed the application papers relate to a number of diverse scientific fields ranging from hedonic models of house pricing to demography, from health care to regional economics, from the analysis of R&D spillovers to the study of retail market spatial characteristics. Particular emphasis is given to regional economic applications of spatial econometrics methods with a number of contributions specifically focused on the spatial concentration of economic activities and agglomeration, regional paths of economic growth, regional convergence of income and productivity and the evolution of regional employment. Most of the papers appearing in this book were solicited from the International Workshop on Spatial Econometrics and Statistics held in Rome (Italy) in 2006.

Spatial Econometrics is a rapidly evolving field born from the joint efforts of economists, statisticians, econometricians and regional scientists. The book provides the reader with a broad view of the topic by including both methodological and application papers. Indeed the application papers relate to a number of diverse scientific fields ranging from hedonic models of house pricing to demography, from health care to regional economics, from the analysis of R&D spillovers to the study of retail market spatial characteristics. Particular emphasis is given to regional economic applications of spatial econometrics methods with a number of contributions specifically focused on the spatial concentration of economic activities and agglomeration, regional paths of economic growth, regional convergence of income and productivity and the evolution of regional employment. Most of the papers appearing in this book were solicited from the International Workshop on Spatial Econometrics and Statistics held in Rome (Italy) in 2006.