Herbert Birkhofer – författare

The Future of Design Methodology gives a holistic overview of perspectives for design methodology, addresses trends for developing a powerful methodical support for design practice and provides a starting point for future design research. The chapters are written by leading scientists from around the world, who have great expertise in design methodology, as well as the farsightedness needed to develop design methodology further.The Future of Design Methodology is a detailed contribution to consolidated design methodology and design research. Instead of articulating the views of one scientist, it provides a comprehensive collection of perspectives and visions. The editor highlights the substantial deficiencies and problems of the current design methodology and summarizes the authors’ findings to draw future-oriented conclusions.  The comprehensive overview of the status of design methodology given in The Future of Design Methodology will help enhance the individual scientific development of junior researchers, while the authoritative perspectives on future design methodology will challenge the views of experts. It is suitable for readers working in a wide range of design fields, such as design methodology, engineering design and industrial design.

Modern product development means problem solving by teams in complex working environments. Thereby, the design process is influenced by factors from various fields, the task, the individual, the team, and the organisational context. This complex network of influences turns product development into a challenge with requirements for the designers aside from technical problems. This book contains the proceedings of the international symposium Designers - The Key to Successful Product Development held in Darmstadt, Germany, December 1997. During this meeting exponents from different leading research groups in engineering design came together to present and discuss their results. Within this volume different aims, issues and methods of design research are addressed in 23 contributions by different research groups. Structured in six sections according to the main fields of influence, it provides a survey of the state of scientifically-based knowledge and the trends of engineering design research on the influences leading to successful product development.

Development of environmentally friendly products gains an increasing - portance in science and in industry. While product development was strongly dedicated to achieve quality, cost and time targets, environmental issues indirectly had always been under consideration by engineers, see Fig. 1. Furthermore a methodology for the development of environm- tally sound products was missing. Despite of significant progress in using computer aided tools for product development and design, environmental aspects were attended. Computer aided tools typically do not include methods for considering environmental issues enabling the designer to - sess a product’s environmental effects. Fig. 1. Vision of Environment as a key target for product development v vi Preface Product related environmental issues are getting more and more political and public awareness. Development of environmentally friendly products has become an action item for both, politics and industry (UNFCCC 1997). Energy consumption is on the agenda and covers pollution and resource saving. Typical topics of directives of the European Union are waste, noise, air pollution, water, nature and biodiversity, soil protection, civil protection and climate change. After the translation into national law the development of environmentally friendly products is a basic approach to contribute to the fulfilment of the topics mentioned above. In the European Community a “Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament” on “Integrated Product Policy” was adopted on th 18 June 2003 (EC 2003).

The Future of Design Methodology gives a holistic overview of perspectives for design methodology, addresses trends for developing a powerful methodical support for design practice and provides a starting point for future design research. The chapters are written by leading scientists from around the world, who have great expertise in design methodology, as well as the farsightedness needed to develop design methodology further.The Future of Design Methodology is a detailed contribution to consolidated design methodology and design research. Instead of articulating the views of one scientist, it provides a comprehensive collection of perspectives and visions. The editor highlights the substantial deficiencies and problems of the current design methodology and summarizes the authors’ findings to draw future-oriented conclusions.  The comprehensive overview of the status of design methodology given in The Future of Design Methodology will help enhance the individual scientific development of junior researchers, while the authoritative perspectives on future design methodology will challenge the views of experts. It is suitable for readers working in a wide range of design fields, such as design methodology, engineering design and industrial design.

The modern market economy is founded on economic growth and increasing consumption of manufactured products, leading to over use of resources and environmentally-damaging pollution. We can help protect the environment by focussing on the entire life-cycle of each manufactured product. A holistic view of every stage and process of a product's life-cycle is needed in order to find sound solutions to adverse environmental effects and help us develop a new generation of eco-designed products. Environmentally-friendly Product Development introduces methods to improve the environmental characteristics of products. Every manufactured product has environmental impacts during its life-cycle. These arise in the product's manufacture, use, recycling and disposal. In the past designers have focussed only on technical and economical aspects when developing new products, taking into account market-conditions and their company's resources. However, designing a product in accordance with environmental demands requires that designers consider potential influences from all part of its life-cycle.The book describes an integrated approach that assists designers to develop environmentally-friendly products, illustrating the methods and tools with case studies. Process and information modelling, life-cycle assessment and ecological product optimisation are surveyed in detail. Unique to Environmentally-friendly Product Development is the introduction of the Eco Design Workbench - a computer based design environment that supports the designer during the product development process. Environmentally-friendly Product Development is a comprehensive survey of environmental design. Readers will learn about the complexity of ecological product design and be introduced to methods and tools that can minimise environmental impacts. As well as a practical guide for product designers and design engineers, the book will provide managers in industry with an introduction to the environmental costs involved in a manufacturing economy and signposts to how these may be limited.

Anhand konkreter Fallbeispiele wird die Umsetzung des EcoDesigns in der industriellen Praxis unter verschiedenen Aspekten aufgezeigt. Praxisnah und nachvollziehbar finden sich hier die Ergebnisse eines DFG-geförderten Forschungsbereichs an der Technischen Universität Darmstadt, in dem in Kooperation mit namhaften Industrieunternehmen das EcoDesign nachhaltig in deren Unternehmenspraxis umgesetzt wurde.Das Buch zeigt die Erkenntnisse aus den Projekten im Hinblick auf den Umgang mit zukünftigen rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen, die Implementierung des EcoDesigns in die täglichen Unternehmensabläufe, die Entwicklung umweltgerechter Energiespeicher für Kleingeräte, die Erstellung und Anpassung von Arbeitsmitteln für Investitionsgüter, die Umsetzung der ökologischen Produktbeurteilung auf Grundlage von Standardsoftwaresystemen sowie die Gestaltung der Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle für eine umweltgerechte Bedienung des Produkts. Darüber hinaus bietet ein Umsetzungsleitfaden eine Orientierungshilfe für die Anwender des EcoDesigns in der Praxis.

Das Buch stellt die unterschiedlichsten Anwendungsfelder für feststoffgeschmierte Wälzkontakte vor, z.B. im Maschinenbau, in der Luft- und Raumfahrt, in der Lebensmittelindustrie und der Medizintechnik. Es werden die Potenziale, aber auch die Grenzen der Feststoffschmierung aufgezeigt; sie werden systematisch hergeleitet und auf ihre tribotechnischen Grundlagen zurückgeführt.Die für die Prüfung von Festschmierstoffen im Wälzkontakt erforderlichen speziellen Prüfverfahren und Prüfeinrichtungen werden vorgestellt und die erzielten Ergebnisse erläutert. Es werden ausführlich die Faktoren beschrieben, welche auf die Gestaltung von feststoffgeschmierten Wälzlagern und die damit verbundenen Auswirkungen auf Lebensdauer und Lagerperformance einwirken. Diese Einflussfaktoren bestimmen die Leistungsfähigkeit, aber auch die Grenzen feststoffgeschmierter Wälzkontakte. Ihre Kenntnis ist der Schlüssel zu einer Lebensdauerprognose für feststoffgeschmierte Wälzlager, die im Detail hergeleitet und durch eine Vielzahl von Versuchsergebnissen belegt wird. Ein Fünf-Punkte-Programm zur richtigen Auswahl und Gestaltung von feststoffgeschmierten Wälzlagern mit konkreten Empfehlungen für den Entwickler beschließt das Buch.Es wendet sich an Ingenieure, die den Einsatz von Festschmierstoffen in Erwägung ziehen, sowie an Lagerhersteller, Beschichter und Planer von Anlagen und Maschinen in der Hochvakuumtechnik, in der Luft- und Raumfahrt oder im Bereich Hochtemperaturanwendungen. Für Wissenschaftler und Studierende bringt das Buch wertvolle und neue Erkenntnisse im Bereich Tribologie.