James Hickey – författare

Increasingly, the planet is threatened by a wide variety of real and potential complex environmental problems, including the warming of the earth, the loss of biodiversity, waste mismanagement, deforestation, desertification, hazardous waste disposal, acid precipitation, and pollution of many sorts. Although many of these problems are global in scope, they are sometimes best addressed at local levels where the relationships between cause and effect may be best understood. This interdisciplinary volume brings together leading environmentalists and public policy makers in science, law, economics, business, and government who explore the connections among global environmental issues and the local initiatives needed to address those issues.The volume begins with an overview of fundamental issues, including the problems of economic development and safe-guarding the environment. Air quality issues are examined next, followed by ocean and landbased sources of marine pollution, coastal preservation, water quality, nuclear power, environmental health and information, and a review of social and cultural perspectives. For those beginning their examination of environmental concerns, the volume provides an understandable introduction to the full spectrum of current issues; for the expert, the book offers an accurate view of current thinking on the problems.

In this volume, experts on government examine historical as well as contemporary contexts to government structures in the United States and the states of the former U.S.S.R. Throughout, the contributors look at federalism at both local and national levels, and they try to assess how and why the two systems developed as they did. While the political history of the former Soviet Union favored a central monopoly-of-power system over a pluralism-of-separate-authority approach, this provides only part of an answer to a complex issue.Taken together the collection provides an exhaustive examination of the opportunities and obstacles presented by government structures, which reflect the need for both local autonomy and concerned action. This volume will be of concern to political figures and policymakers, constitutional experts, and political scientists.

Discover various techniques to develop maintainable code and keep it in shape.Key FeaturesLearn all about refactoring - why it is important and how to do itDiscover easy ways to refactor code with examplesExplore techniques that can be applied to most other programming languagesBook DescriptionRefactoring improves your code without changing its behavior. With refactoring, the best approach is to apply small targeted changes to a codebase. Instead of doing a huge sweeping change to your code, refactoring is better as a long-term and continuous enterprise. Refactoring TypeScript explains how to spot bugs and remove them from your code.You'll start by seeing how wordy conditionals, methods, and null checks make code unhealthy and unstable. Whether it is identifying messy nested conditionals or removing unnecessary methods, this book will show various techniques to avoid these pitfalls and write code that is easier to understand, maintain, and test.By the end of the book, you'll have learned some of the main causes of unhealthy code, tips to identify them and techniques to address them.What you will learnSpot and fix common code smells to create code that is easier to read and understandDiscover ways to identify long methods and refactor themCreate objects that keep your code flexible, maintainable, and testableApply the Single Responsibility Principle to develop less-coupled codeDiscover how to combine different refactoring techniquesLearn ways to solve the issues caused by overusing primitivesWho this book is forThis book is designed for programmers who are looking to explore various refactoring techniques to develop healthy and maintainable code. Some experience in JavaScript and TypeScript can help you easily grasp the concepts explained in this book.