James Scott – författare

När en teknologi blir tillräckligt avancerad går den inte att skilja från magi, konstaterade en gång författaren Arthur C Clarke i ”Clarkes tredje lag”. Och när det gäller AI – artificiell intelligens – kan det onekligen vara lätt att börja tänka på magi. Svart magi inte minst, som när det gäller den straffrättsliga algoritmen COMPAS, som på egen hand utvecklade rasfördomar, eller de apokalyptiska farhågorna om att maskinerna kommer att ta över kontrollen och göra människor överflödiga. AIQ. Hur artificiell intelligens fungerar rymmer emellertid inga apokalyptiska visioner och tillskriver heller inte algoritmerna någon magisk förmåga. Datavetarna Nick Polson och James Scott vill begripliggöra och avmystifiera AI och berätta en delvis annorlunda historia än den vanliga – och inte minst sätta in AI i ett historiskt sammanhang. Boken handlar förstås om teknologi, men i lika hög grad om idéer och om människorna och problemen bakom idéerna. Även om AI innebär något nytt i mänsklighetens historia, bygger den på framsteg inom matematik och statistik under tidigare epoker. AIQ rymmer många överraskande exempel på sådana framsteg. Författarna reder ut snåriga samband och har ett tydligt pedagogiskt mål: att läsaren ska förstå vad AI är, hur det uppstått, hur det fungerar och vad det betyder för oss idag. En sådan grundläggande kunskap om AI har alla glädje av. Nick Polson är professor i ekonometri och statistik vid Chicago Booth School of Business och forskar om djupinlärning och maskinintelligens.James Scott är biträdande professor i statistik vid University of Texas i Austin och har som statistiker och datavetare verkat som konsult åt företag inom en mängd branscher.

This work seeks to look beyond the seemingly endless deadlock in the WTO’s Doha round of trade negotiations that began in November 2001 and were first scheduled to conclude by January 1, 2005. As well as offering an incisive analysis of the ills of the round, with particular attention directed at the poorest and least developed countries, the book expands on how the round could be moved forward elaborating on the Statement on the Doha Development Agenda that was negotiated in Johannesburg .The work as a whole provides the reader with a critical analysis of the implications of the negotiations for development and poverty reduction as well as proposals for moving beyond the current impasse. The volume brings together contributions from serving and former ambassadors to the WTO, key practitioners, and civil society representatives along with those of leading scholars. Each chapter explores an area of critical importance to the round; and together they stand as an important contribution to debates not only about the Doha round but also about the role of trade in the amelioration of poverty in the poorest countries.

This work seeks to look beyond the seemingly endless deadlock in the WTO’s Doha round of trade negotiations that began in November 2001 and were first scheduled to conclude by January 1, 2005. As well as offering an incisive analysis of the ills of the round, with particular attention directed at the poorest and least developed countries, the book expands on how the round could be moved forward elaborating on the Statement on the Doha Development Agenda that was negotiated in Johannesburg .The work as a whole provides the reader with a critical analysis of the implications of the negotiations for development and poverty reduction as well as proposals for moving beyond the current impasse. The volume brings together contributions from serving and former ambassadors to the WTO, key practitioners, and civil society representatives along with those of leading scholars. Each chapter explores an area of critical importance to the round; and together they stand as an important contribution to debates not only about the Doha round but also about the role of trade in the amelioration of poverty in the poorest countries.

First published in 1987. This is volume 9 of the libray of peasant studies series. The contributors focus on a vast and relatively unexplored middle-ground of peasant politics between passivity and open, collective defiance. The general rubric for these phenomena is 'everyday resistance' - a term that is self-consciously homely.

The Harrisburg Telegraph says: “…an unique and authoritative book, The Story of the Battles at Gettysburg” will arouse great interest among military men throughout the country.”It is not generally known that the three-day battle of Gettysburg, one of the most important and significant engagements of the Civil War, is included in the course of training of student officers in practically all the European war colleges as an outstanding example of tactics and strategy.Once a year the students of the West Point Military Academy spend several days at Gettysburg in studying the battle problems during the first three days of July 1863.The outstanding features to the military, are the maps of the battlefield…these maps are drawn to scale with careful fidelity and the position of each regiment and branch of service is shown every hour of the day at different stages in the progress of the battles.

This book explores tensions in global trade by examining the role of experts in generating, disseminating and legitimating knowledge about the possibilities of trade to work for global development. To this end, contributors assess authoritative claims on knowledge. They also consider structural features that uphold trade experts' monopoly over knowledge, such as expert language and legal and economic expertise. The chapters collectively explore the tensions between actors who seek to effect change and those who work to uphold the status quo, exacerbate asymmetries, and reinforce the dominant narrative of the global trade regime.The book addresses the following key overarching research questions: Who is considered to be a trade expert and how does one become a knowledge producer in global trade? How do experts acquire, disseminate and legitimate knowledge? What agendas are advanced by expert knowledge? How does the discourse generated within trade expertise serve to close off alternative institutional pathways and modes of thinking? What potential exists for the emergence of more emancipatory global trade policies from contemporary developments in the field of trade expertise?This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of IPE, Trade Politics, International Relations, and International Organizations.

As US health care systems undergo a period of transformative change, so too will emergency care, and more specifically emergency departments. This transformation will include: The development of new diagnostic, therapeutic, and information technologiesA growing need to prepare and respond to emerging public health threatsThe expansion of the role of allied health professionals to address the workforce crisisNovel expectations for care coordinationThe fundamental economics of emergency care under new payment models, andThe key relationship with American law.Emergency Care and the Public's Health explores the complex role of emergency care in the context of these changes and as an increasingly vital component of health care systems both within and outside the US.From an expert emergency medicine team, this new title is a reference for emergency care and critical care providers, allied health professionals and hospital administrators. It is also for relevant for public policy and healthcare policy professionals.

This book explores tensions in global trade by examining the role of experts in generating, disseminating and legitimating knowledge about the possibilities of trade to work for global development. To this end, contributors assess authoritative claims on knowledge. They also consider structural features that uphold trade experts' monopoly over knowledge, such as expert language and legal and economic expertise. The chapters collectively explore the tensions between actors who seek to effect change and those who work to uphold the status quo, exacerbate asymmetries, and reinforce the dominant narrative of the global trade regime.The book addresses the following key overarching research questions:Who is considered to be a trade expert and how does one become a knowledge producer in global trade?How do experts acquire, disseminate and legitimate knowledge?What agendas are advanced by expert knowledge?How does the discourse generated within trade expertise serve to close off alternative institutional pathways and modes of thinking?What potential exists for the emergence of more emancipatory global trade policies from contemporary developments in the field of trade expertise?This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of IPE, Trade Politics, International Relations, and International Organizations.

First published in 1987. This is volume 9 of the libray of peasant studies series. The contributors focus on a vast and relatively unexplored middle-ground of peasant politics between passivity and open, collective defiance. The general rubric for these phenomena is 'everyday resistance' - a term that is self-consciously homely.