Jim Boyce – författare

This comprehensive reference by a Microsoft expert covers all aspects of the new Windows release

The much-anticipated release of Windows 7 will have numerous changes, and you''ll need a complete guide to take full advantage of all it has to offer. Windows 7 Bible covers navigation changes such as pinning to the task bar, full screen preview with invisible windows, Jump Lists, Home Group, Sticky Notes, and many others. It shows you how to use Internet Explorer 8, including features like Web Slices and Network view changes, and guides you through all the new desktop features.

This reference thoroughly examines all three parts of the new platform: Windows 7 Core OS, the Windows Live applications, and Windows Live Services. Windows 7 Bible shows you everything you need to know to make the most of Microsoft''s new operating system.

Covers Windows Live Essentials, including Windows Live Family Safety, Mail, Messenger, Movie Maker, Photo Gallery, Toolbar, Writer, and Microsoft Office Outlook Connector Shows how to use Windows Live Services, including Hotmail and Spaces Explores new features including Desktop Gadgets Gallery, Desktop Windows manager, updated Fax and DVD Maker, an updated "Devices and Printers" option, and Sticky Notes Explains new features in the Calculator, ribbon features in applets such as Paint and WordPad, the new Media Center, and searching updates Fully covers the first complete overhaul of applets in a decade

With Windows 7 Bible at your side, you can learn as much or as little as you need to know for the way you use Windows.

Conquer Microsoft Outlook—from the inside out!

Dive into Outlook 2013—and really take control of your communications and workday! This supremely organized reference packs hundreds of timesaving solutions, troubleshooting tips, and workarounds. It’s all muscle and no fluff. Discover how the experts tackle Outlook—and challenge yourself to new levels of mastery.

Connect to Microsoft SharePoint and social networks with Outlook Customize and configure Outlook with advanced setup options Expertly manage your contacts and other critical data Optimize team efficiency by sharing your calendar and tasks Collaborate through SharePoint libraries and files Encrypt your data, protect against viruses, and filter spam Use Outlook 2013 as a Microsoft Exchange Server client Communicate and collaborate using Microsoft Lync and Skype Work with Outlook using a web browser or mobile device

For Intermediate and Advanced Users

Learn the simplest ways to get things done with Microsoft Outlook 2013

Get the full-color, visual guide that makes learning Microsoft Outlook 2013 plain and simple! Follow the book’s easy steps and screenshots and clear, concise language to learn how to stay productive and keep in touch with all of your personal, business, and social media networks.

Here’s WHAT you’ll learn:

Format and send messages, files, and photos Set up mobile alerts for important messages Manage your inbox and limit junk mail Update and share your calendar Add social media network accounts and collaborate Connect with and meet contacts online using Lync

Here’s HOW you’ll learn it:

Jump in wherever you need answers Follow easy STEPS and SCREENSHOTS to see exactly what to do Get handy TIPS for new techniques and shortcuts Use TRY THIS! Exercises to apply what you learn right away

This comprehensive reference by a Microsoft expert covers all aspects of the new Windows release

The much-anticipated release of Windows 7 will have numerous changes, and you''ll need a complete guide to take full advantage of all it has to offer. Windows 7 Bible covers navigation changes such as pinning to the task bar, full screen preview with invisible windows, Jump Lists, Home Group, Sticky Notes, and many others. It shows you how to use Internet Explorer 8, including features like Web Slices and Network view changes, and guides you through all the new desktop features.

This reference thoroughly examines all three parts of the new platform: Windows 7 Core OS, the Windows Live applications, and Windows Live Services. Windows 7 Bible shows you everything you need to know to make the most of Microsoft''s new operating system.

Covers Windows Live Essentials, including Windows Live Family Safety, Mail, Messenger, Movie Maker, Photo Gallery, Toolbar, Writer, and Microsoft Office Outlook Connector Shows how to use Windows Live Services, including Hotmail and Spaces Explores new features including Desktop Gadgets Gallery, Desktop Windows manager, updated Fax and DVD Maker, an updated "Devices and Printers" option, and Sticky Notes Explains new features in the Calculator, ribbon features in applets such as Paint and WordPad, the new Media Center, and searching updates Fully covers the first complete overhaul of applets in a decade

With Windows 7 Bible at your side, you can learn as much or as little as you need to know for the way you use Windows.

The first and last word on the feature-packed new Windows 8

Windows 8 is an exciting new version of Microsoft''s flagship operating system and it''s packed with exciting new features. From the new Windows 82032s lock screen and the new Internet Explorer to a built-in PDF reader and new user interface, Windows 8 is not only a replacement for Windows 7 but a serious OS for today''s tablet and touchscreen device users. And what better way to get the very most out of it than with this equally impressive new book from Microsoft experts? Over 900 pages packed with tips, instruction, and techniques help you hit the ground running with Windows 8.

Provides complete how-to coverage of Windows 8 in a thoroughly redesigned and revised new Bible from an expert author team Covers all the exciting new Windows 8 features, including the Windows 82032s lock screen, Internet Explorer Immersive, Modern Reader, a new interface, and more Helps new and inexperienced users, as well as those upgrading from Windows 7, Windows Vista, or Windows XP Also explores new connections to cloud applications and data, distributed file system replication, and improvements to branch cache

Get the very most out of Windows 8, no matter what device you run it on, with Windows 8 Bible.

The first and last word on the feature-packed new Windows 8

Windows 8 is an exciting new version of Microsoft''s flagship operating system and it''s packed with exciting new features. From the new Windows 82032s lock screen and the new Internet Explorer to a built-in PDF reader and new user interface, Windows 8 is not only a replacement for Windows 7 but a serious OS for today''s tablet and touchscreen device users. And what better way to get the very most out of it than with this equally impressive new book from Microsoft experts? Over 900 pages packed with tips, instruction, and techniques help you hit the ground running with Windows 8.

Provides complete how-to coverage of Windows 8 in a thoroughly redesigned and revised new Bible from an expert author team Covers all the exciting new Windows 8 features, including the Windows 82032s lock screen, Internet Explorer Immersive, Modern Reader, a new interface, and more Helps new and inexperienced users, as well as those upgrading from Windows 7, Windows Vista, or Windows XP Also explores new connections to cloud applications and data, distributed file system replication, and improvements to branch cache

Get the very most out of Windows 8, no matter what device you run it on, with Windows 8 Bible.

Windows 8.1 coverage that goes above and beyond all competitors?

Serving as an evolutionary update to Windows 8, Windows 8.1 provides critical changes to parts of Windows 8, such as greater customization of the interface and boot operations, return of a ''start button'' that reveals apps, greater integration between the two interfaces, and updates to apps. Weighing in at nearly 1000 pages, Windows 8.1 Bible provides deeper Windows insight than any other book on the market. It''s valuable for both professionals needing a guide to the nooks and crannies of Windows and regular users wanting a wide breadth of information.

Shows you how to get started and discusses security and updates, personalizing Windows 8.1, and going beyond the basic desktop Highlights ways to manage your content and install and remove programs Discusses printing, faxing, and scanning; enjoying and sharing pictures, movies, and music; and performance tuning

Windows 8.1 Bible leaves no stone unturned when examining this important Windows update.

A complete, detailed Windows 10 reference for beginners and power users alike

Windows 10 Bible is one of the most thorough references on the market with complete coverage of Windows 10. Whether you''re a beginner seeking guidance or a power-user looking for fresh tips and tricks, this book contains everything you could ever hope to know about the Windows operating system. You will get the insider guidance of a Microsoft support manager as you discover everything there is to know about Windows customization, content management, networking, hardware, performance, security, and more. Step-by-step instructions walk you through new and important procedures, and screen shots help you stay on track every step of the way.

Whether you''re starting from scratch or just looking to become more proficient, this guide is your ideal solution. You''ll learn just what Windows can do, and how to take full advantage so you can get more done faster.

Go beyond the desktop to personalize the system Manage your content, media, software, and security Eliminate issues related to printing, faxing, and scanning Fine-tune performance, connect to a network, work with the cloud, and more

Whether you want a complete basic introduction or the nitty-gritty detail, Windows 10 Bible has you covered.

A complete, detailed Windows 10 reference for beginners and power users alike

Windows 10 Bible is one of the most thorough references on the market with complete coverage of Windows 10. Whether you''re a beginner seeking guidance or a power-user looking for fresh tips and tricks, this book contains everything you could ever hope to know about the Windows operating system. You will get the insider guidance of a Microsoft support manager as you discover everything there is to know about Windows customization, content management, networking, hardware, performance, security, and more. Step-by-step instructions walk you through new and important procedures, and screen shots help you stay on track every step of the way.

Whether you''re starting from scratch or just looking to become more proficient, this guide is your ideal solution. You''ll learn just what Windows can do, and how to take full advantage so you can get more done faster.

Go beyond the desktop to personalize the system Manage your content, media, software, and security Eliminate issues related to printing, faxing, and scanning Fine-tune performance, connect to a network, work with the cloud, and more

Whether you want a complete basic introduction or the nitty-gritty detail, Windows 10 Bible has you covered.

Your all-inclusive guide to Windows 10 Anniversary Edition Windows 10 Bible, Anniversary Update presents the ultimate reference for enterprise and professional Windows 10 Anniversary Update users. From setup and settings to networking and the daily workflow, this book provides expert guidance on all aspects of the OS. Read from beginning to end for a comprehensive tour of all of the nooks and crannies, or dip in as needed to find quick answers to your most pressing issues—formatted as a reference divided into mini-tutorials, this guide delves deep into the Windows 10 Anniversary Update to walk you through every inch of functionality. Personalize your settings, desktop, and security to augment the way you work; configure Windows 10 for enterprise with remote access, groups, and Hyper-V; set up a private network for two or 20 computers, and manage security to keep your content safe—everything you need to know is explained here. This book provides clear, authoritative guidance toward every aspect of the old and new to help you take advantage of everything Windows 10 Anniversary Update has to offer. Customize your Windows 10 Anniversary Update experienceInstall and remove hardware and softwareSet up your network and configure securityManage content, connect to printers, and troubleshoot issuesClear your to-do list faster than ever with Cortana voice commands, Windows Ink, Windows Hello, and a cross-platform capability that allows you to integrate a range of platforms including tablets, phones, Raspberry Pi, and even Xbox. Even if you're an experienced user, you're probably missing out on some very cool features—let the Windows 10 Bible, Anniversary Update fill the gaps and take your Windows 10 experience to the next level.

Your all-inclusive guide to Windows 10 Anniversary Edition

Windows 10 Bible, Anniversary Update presents the ultimate reference for enterprise and professional Windows 10 Anniversary Update users. From setup and settings to networking and the daily workflow, this book provides expert guidance on all aspects of the OS. Read from beginning to end for a comprehensive tour of all of the nooks and crannies, or dip in as needed to find quick answers to your most pressing issues—formatted as a reference divided into mini-tutorials, this guide delves deep into the Windows 10 Anniversary Update to walk you through every inch of functionality. Personalize your settings, desktop, and security to augment the way you work; configure Windows 10 for enterprise with remote access, groups, and Hyper-V; set up a private network for two or 20 computers, and manage security to keep your content safe—everything you need to know is explained here.

This book provides clear, authoritative guidance toward every aspect of the old and new to help you take advantage of everything Windows 10 Anniversary Update has to offer.

Customize your Windows 10 Anniversary Update experience Install and remove hardware and software Set up your network and configure security Manage content, connect to printers, and troubleshoot issues

Clear your to-do list faster than ever with Cortana voice commands, Windows Ink, Windows Hello, and a cross-platform capability that allows you to integrate a range of platforms including tablets, phones, Raspberry Pi, and even Xbox. Even if you''re an experienced user, you''re probably missing out on some very cool features—let the Windows 10 Bible, Anniversary Update fill the gaps and take your Windows 10 experience to the next level.

Your all-inclusive guide to Windows 10 Anniversary Edition

Windows 10 Bible, Anniversary Update presents the ultimate reference for enterprise and professional Windows 10 Anniversary Update users. From setup and settings to networking and the daily workflow, this book provides expert guidance on all aspects of the OS. Read from beginning to end for a comprehensive tour of all of the nooks and crannies, or dip in as needed to find quick answers to your most pressing issues—formatted as a reference divided into mini-tutorials, this guide delves deep into the Windows 10 Anniversary Update to walk you through every inch of functionality. Personalize your settings, desktop, and security to augment the way you work; configure Windows 10 for enterprise with remote access, groups, and Hyper-V; set up a private network for two or 20 computers, and manage security to keep your content safe—everything you need to know is explained here.

This book provides clear, authoritative guidance toward every aspect of the old and new to help you take advantage of everything Windows 10 Anniversary Update has to offer.

Customize your Windows 10 Anniversary Update experience Install and remove hardware and software Set up your network and configure security Manage content, connect to printers, and troubleshoot issues

Clear your to-do list faster than ever with Cortana voice commands, Windows Ink, Windows Hello, and a cross-platform capability that allows you to integrate a range of platforms including tablets, phones, Raspberry Pi, and even Xbox. Even if you''re an experienced user, you''re probably missing out on some very cool features—let the Windows 10 Bible, Anniversary Update fill the gaps and take your Windows 10 experience to the next level.

Quickly preps technical and non-technical readers to pass the Microsoft AZ-900 certification exam

Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide: Exam AZ-900 is your complete resource for preparing for the AZ-900 exam. Microsoft Azure is a major component of Microsoft’s cloud computing model, enabling organizations to host their applications and related services in Microsoft’s data centers, eliminating the need for those organizations to purchase and manage their own computer hardware. In addition, serverless computing enables organizations to quickly and easily deploy data services without the need for servers, operating systems, and supporting systems. This book is targeted at anyone who is seeking AZ-900 certification or simply wants to understand the fundamentals of Microsoft Azure. Whatever your role in business or education, you will benefit from an understanding of Microsoft Azure fundamentals.

Readers will also get one year of FREE access to Sybex’s superior online interactive learning environment and test bank, including hundreds of questions, a practice exam, electronic flashcards, and a glossary of key terms. This book will help you master the following topics covered in the AZ-900 certification exam:

Cloud concepts Cloud types (Public, Private, Hybrid) Azure service types (IaaS, SaaS, PaaS) Core Azure services Security, compliance, privacy, and trust Azure pricing levels Legacy and modern lifecycles Growth in the cloud market continues to be very strong, and Microsoft is poised to see rapid and sustained growth in its cloud share. Written by a long-time Microsoft insider who helps customers move their workloads to and manage them in Azure on a daily basis, this book will help you break into the growing Azure space to take advantage of cloud technologies.

Quickly preps technical and non-technical readers to pass the Microsoft AZ-900 certification exam

Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide: Exam AZ-900 is your complete resource for preparing for the AZ-900 exam. Microsoft Azure is a major component of Microsoft’s cloud computing model, enabling organizations to host their applications and related services in Microsoft’s data centers, eliminating the need for those organizations to purchase and manage their own computer hardware. In addition, serverless computing enables organizations to quickly and easily deploy data services without the need for servers, operating systems, and supporting systems. This book is targeted at anyone who is seeking AZ-900 certification or simply wants to understand the fundamentals of Microsoft Azure. Whatever your role in business or education, you will benefit from an understanding of Microsoft Azure fundamentals.

Readers will also get one year of FREE access to Sybex’s superior online interactive learning environment and test bank, including hundreds of questions, a practice exam, electronic flashcards, and a glossary of key terms. This book will help you master the following topics covered in the AZ-900 certification exam:

Cloud concepts Cloud types (Public, Private, Hybrid) Azure service types (IaaS, SaaS, PaaS) Core Azure services Security, compliance, privacy, and trust Azure pricing levels Legacy and modern lifecycles Growth in the cloud market continues to be very strong, and Microsoft is poised to see rapid and sustained growth in its cloud share. Written by a long-time Microsoft insider who helps customers move their workloads to and manage them in Azure on a daily basis, this book will help you break into the growing Azure space to take advantage of cloud technologies.

Everything You Need to Succeed on the Azure Fundamentals Exam, Now with 4 Online Lab Modules!If you’re about to start working with cloud-based services for the first time, the Microsoft Azure Fundamentals certification will equip you with all the basic knowledge you need. This Study Guide provides the tried-and-true Sybex system to help you prepare for Exam AZ-900, whether or not you’re an IT professional. Focusing on core Azure services, Azure pricing, SLA, and lifecycle, as well as the fundamentals of cloud security, privacy, compliance, and trust, this book supplies all the essential information. Reinforce your study with the exclusive Sybex online learning environment, and you’ll be ready to face the exam with confidence.Coverage of 100% of all exam objectives in this Study Guide means you’ll be ready for: Cloud conceptsCloud types (Public, Private, Hybrid)Azure service types (IaaS, SaaS, PaaS)Core Azure servicesSecurity, compliance, privacy, and trustAzure pricing levelsLegacy and modern lifecyclesXtremeLabs provides IT training environments for Fortune 500 companies and organizations of any size. With a library of more than 900 IT hands-on labs, students and classes have experienced XtremeLabs in more than 150 countries.Interactive learning environmentTake your exam prep to the next level with Sybex’s superior interactive online study tools. To access our learning environment, simply visit www.wiley.com/go/sybextestprep, register your book to receive your unique PIN, and instantly gain one year of FREE access after activation to: Interactive test bank with 2 practice exams to help you identify areas where further review is needed. Get more than 90% of the answers correct, and you’re ready to take the certification exam.100 electronic flashcards to reinforce learning and last-minute prep before the examComprehensive glossary in PDF format gives you instant access to the key terms so you are fully preparedABOUT THE XTREMELABS MICROSOFT ONLINE LABSSo you can practice with hands-on learning in a real environment, Sybex has bundled XtremeLabs Microsoft virtual labs that run from your browser. The registration code is included with the book and gives you 6 months of unlimited access to XtremeLabs Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Labs with 4 unique lab modules based on the book.

The fastest and most effective way to learn the fundamentals of Azure cloud technology and prepare for the AZ-900 certification examThe newly updated second edition of MC Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide is an accurate and up-to-date roadmap to the AZ-900 certification exam and a reliable, effective resource for everyone seeking to learn about or reinforce their knowledge of Azure services, pricing, security and compliance, resource management, and more. In the book, experienced Microsoft Principal Customer Success Account Manager and long-time author, Jim Boyce, covers every foundational Azure competency, including: General and foundational cloud conceptsAzure Core Services, including architecture, subscription and billing options, data services, and virtual machinesAzure Core Networking Services, like virtual networks, load balancers, and VPN gatewaysSecurity, compliance, privacy, and trust featuresAzure Solutions, like AI and machine learning, serverless computing, and IoTAzure pricing, service levels, and lifecyclesAzure Resource creation and managementIdeal for technical and non-technical professionals alike, this straightforward Study Guide draws on the proven Sybex model to explain core Azure features and concepts. It will get you ready to succeed on the widely used AZ-900 certification test and elevate your understanding of Azure cloud software, improving your day-to-day performance in any role that directly or indirectly intersects with the cloud platform.Inside the book End-of-chapter review questions, with answers and explanations, you can use to measure your progress and help you focus on the areas where you need to improveConcise and intuitive explanations of core Azure services, functions, and featuresComplimentary access to the superior Sybex online learning environment and test bank, including practice test questions, digital flashcards, and a glossary of key termsWith authoritative, concise coverage of all relevant cloud concepts, Azure architecture and services, and management and governance features tested by the AZ-900 certification exam, this edition of MC Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide is the fastest, most efficient way to get up to speed on foundational Azure cloud competencies.

The fastest and most effective way to learn the fundamentals of Azure cloud technology and prepare for the AZ-900 certification exam

The newly updated second edition of MC Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide is an accurate and up-to-date roadmap to the AZ-900 certification exam and a reliable, effective resource for everyone seeking to learn about or reinforce their knowledge of Azure services, pricing, security and compliance, resource management, and more. In the book, experienced Microsoft Principal Customer Success Account Manager and long-time author, Jim Boyce, covers every foundational Azure competency, including:

General and foundational cloud concepts Azure Core Services, including architecture, subscription and billing options, data services, and virtual machines Azure Core Networking Services, like virtual networks, load balancers, and VPN gateways Security, compliance, privacy, and trust features Azure Solutions, like AI and machine learning, serverless computing, and IoT Azure pricing, service levels, and lifecycles Azure Resource creation and management

Ideal for technical and non-technical professionals alike, this straightforward Study Guide draws on the proven Sybex model to explain core Azure features and concepts. It will get you ready to succeed on the widely used AZ-900 certification test and elevate your understanding of Azure cloud software, improving your day-to-day performance in any role that directly or indirectly intersects with the cloud platform.

Inside the book

End-of-chapter review questions, with answers and explanations, you can use to measure your progress and help you focus on the areas where you need to improve Concise and intuitive explanations of core Azure services, functions, and features Complimentary access to the superior Sybex online learning environment and test bank, including practice test questions, digital flashcards, and a glossary of key terms

With authoritative, concise coverage of all relevant cloud concepts, Azure architecture and services, and management and governance features tested by the AZ-900 certification exam, this edition of MC Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide is the fastest, most efficient way to get up to speed on foundational Azure cloud competencies.

The fastest and most effective way to learn the fundamentals of Azure cloud technology and prepare for the AZ-900 certification exam The newly updated second edition of MC Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide is an accurate and up-to-date roadmap to the AZ-900 certification exam and a reliable, effective resource for everyone seeking to learn about or reinforce their knowledge of Azure services, pricing, security and compliance, resource management, and more. In the book, experienced Microsoft Principal Customer Success Account Manager and long-time author, Jim Boyce, covers every foundational Azure competency, including: General and foundational cloud concepts Azure Core Services, including architecture, subscription and billing options, data services, and virtual machines Azure Core Networking Services, like virtual networks, load balancers, and VPN gateways Security, compliance, privacy, and trust features Azure Solutions, like AI and machine learning, serverless computing, and IoT Azure pricing, service levels, and lifecycles Azure Resource creation and management Ideal for technical and non-technical professionals alike, this straightforward Study Guide draws on the proven Sybex model to explain core Azure features and concepts. It will get you ready to succeed on the widely used AZ-900 certification test and elevate your understanding of Azure cloud software, improving your day-to-day performance in any role that directly or indirectly intersects with the cloud platform. Inside the book End-of-chapter review questions, with answers and explanations, you can use to measure your progress and help you focus on the areas where you need to improve Concise and intuitive explanations of core Azure services, functions, and features Complimentary access to the superior Sybex online learning environment and test bank, including practice test questions, digital flashcards, and a glossary of key terms With authoritative, concise coverage of all relevant cloud concepts, Azure architecture and services, and management and governance features tested by the AZ-900 certification exam, this edition of MC Microsoft Certified Azure Fundamentals Study Guide is the fastest, most efficient way to get up to speed on foundational Azure cloud competencies.

Tackle projects with confidence using Microsoft Planner Microsoft Planner For Dummies delivers a start-to-finish guide to Microsoft’s industry-leading project management software. Jim Boyce walks you through this not-as-confusing-as-it-first-looks software, showing you the ins and outs of creating projects, integrating Planner with other Microsoft software, organizing and assigning tasks, and more. Covering the key features of Planner Plan 1, you’ll get insight into planning a project, reporting and tracking progress, and managing plans with other collaborators. Keep your project running smoothly and on track, so the only thing you’ll have to worry about is checking tasks off your checklist. You’ll also find: Step-by-step instructions for planning projects within strict time and budget constraintsExpansive coverage of report generation within Microsoft PlannerPractical discussions of how to stay in sync with conversations on Microsoft Teams as you use PlannerFor beginner project managers, Microsoft Planner For Dummies is your go-to guide. This is also an essential resource for project management students as well as experienced project managers who are new to – or need a refresher on – Microsoft Planner.

Tackle projects with confidence using Microsoft Planner Microsoft Planner For Dummies delivers a start-to-finish guide to Microsoft s industry-leading project management software. Jim Boyce walks you through this not-as-confusing-as-it-first-looks software, showing you the ins and outs of creating projects, integrating Planner with other Microsoft software, organizing and assigning tasks, and more. Covering the key features of Planner Plan 1, you ll get insight into planning a project, reporting and tracking progress, and managing plans with other collaborators. Keep your project running smoothly and on track, so the only thing you ll have to worry about is checking tasks off your checklist. You ll also find: Step-by-step instructions for planning projects within strict time and budget constraints Expansive coverage of report generation within Microsoft Planner Practical discussions of how to stay in sync with conversations on Microsoft Teams as you use Planner For beginner project managers, Microsoft Planner For Dummies is your go-to guide. This is also an essential resource for project management students as well as experienced project managers who are new to or need a refresher on Microsoft Planner.