Johannes Hartmann – författare

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,3 (A), University of Applied Sciences Mainz (Economics), course: European Integration, language: English, abstract: 1.1 Assignment's title"e;To which extent is the European Union (EU) entitled to launch environmentalpolicies ? Please give examples."e;1.2 ComplicationThe assignment should not simply be answered by proving the fact, that theEuropean Union (EU)2 is able to launch environmental policies. Instead oneshould analyse the complex field of policy-making on the environment within theEU. Mainly two questions specify the scope of this analysis:- What are the competencies of the EU within the field of environmentalpolicy and what is the legal basis for such competencies?- With regard to the role of the Member States, in what ways do limits to EU'spolicy on the environment exist?1.3 RealizationFirst, in order to provide a basis for the analysis the forms of legislationavailable to the EU, which are mentioned in this essay and the core legal basisof EEP shall be outlined. The following analysis will illustrate in how far the EU or the Member Statesrespectively are responsible to determine environmental policy. In this contextpast examples from policy-making on the environment shall support thetheoretical elucidation. At the end a summary of the results produced by the preceding chapters and afinal answer to the question posed in the essay's title will be given. 2 The European Community (EC) as on of the three 'pillars' of the European Union (EU) isresponsible for policy on the environment.

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,3 (A), University of Applied Sciences Mainz (Economics), course: European Integration, language: English, abstract: Theories on exchange rate risks and the closely related theory of PurchasingPower Parity (PPP) provide the basis for the analysis of the exchange rateproblems the three car producers face while manufacturing in the UK. 1.1 Theories on exchange rate risksThe exchange rate risk represents one of the most important risks forcompanies operating in international industries.1 There are three kinds ofexchange risks: transaction risk, translation risk and economic risk. Transactionexposure is the risk of changes in the value of currency occurring between thetime of the settlement of the transaction and the maturity of it.2 The second andmost important type of exchange risk is economic risk. Economic exposureoccurs when currencies, that are involved in the actual or potential competitivesituation, become over- or undervalued.3 It can heavily affect current and futurecash flows of domestic and foreign operations.4 The third type of risk is calledtranslation exposure. It refers to the risk that exchange rate fluctuations maychange the value of current assets and liabilities of the balance sheet of aforeign affiliate in case of consolidation.5 [...]1 See: Punett, Betty J. / Ricks, David A., 1994, p. 3052 See: Grosse, Robert / Kujawa, Duane, 1992, p. 4473 Over- and undervaluation are expressions that will be explained under the point 1.2 "e;Theory ofPurchasing Power Parity"e;. 4 See: Czinkota, Michael R. / Ronkainen, Ilkka A. / Moffett Michael H., 1992, p.5425 See: Grosse, Robert / Kujawa, Duane, 1992, p. 447

Seminar paper from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,3 (A), University of Brighton (Economics), course: Strategic Management, language: English, abstract: 1 Industry Definition2For the purpose of this business report the global brewing industry is defined asthe group of those companies, that are producing beer and operate on a national ora global scale. For diversified companies the report focuses on the beer brewingactivities of those respective firms. 2 The Industry's Current Position3As already predicted by Stewart Gilliland4 of Whitbread PLC as well as manyother industry experts, during the last two years crucial developments have takenplace. First, in terms of industry concentration and global expansion of dominantplayers. Second in terms of consumer taste and behaviour which again had animpact on company's strategies and product portfolios. 2.1 The MarketsThe industry's main markets are Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Americaincluding North- and South America, Africa and Asia including China and India. In each of those regions the industry is in a completely different stage of theindustry lifecycle.5 Moreover population and per capita consumption indicategrowth opportunities and hence potential attractiveness of the respective markets.6(See: Appendix A and B) [...]2 "e;If industries are defined by competitive relationships among firms ( )"e; Grant, Robert M. (1998), Contemporary Strategic Analysis, p. 853 For the purpose of this report the "e;position of an industry"e; is defined as the stage of the industrywithin the industry life cycle. 4 "e;The beer market will change more in the next 5 years than it has in the last 15."e;, StewartGilliland, Sales & Marketing Director of Whitbread PLC (today part of the Interbrew group),quoted by The Grocer, 6ht May 2000, in Key Note on "e;Premium Lagers, Beers & Ciders"e;, MarketReport Plus 20005 Heineken, Annual Report 2001, Report of the Executive Board, p. 156 Saul Klein (2000), "e;South African Breweries: Achieving Growth in the Global Beer Market"e;,ECCH-Collection, p. 6