Jos van den Linden – författare

This book shows the importance of a more socially grounded account on learning, instruction and teaching at and between different levels: meta-theory, theory, methods and educational practices. Three main questions are dealt with in the research presented in the book: 1. what are the affordances and constraints of a dialogic view of knowing, knowledge, and learning; 1. how useful it is to integrate contemporary learning mechanisms and concepts (like elaboration, metacognition) within a dialogic framework; 1. what are the educational implications of a dialogic view of knowing and learning. Both educational researchers and educational practitioners, such as teachers, will find many valuable ideas in this book that will help them.

Contemporary researchers have analysed dialogue primarily in terms of instruction, conversation or inquiry. There is an irreducible tension when the terms ‘dialogue’ and ‘instruction’ are brought together, because the former implies an emergent process of give-and-take, whereas the latter implies a sequence of predetermined moves. It is argued that effective teachers have learned how to perform in this contradictory space to both follow and lead, to be both responsive and directive, to require both independence and receptiveness from learners. Instructional dialogue, therefore, is an artful performance rather than a prescribed technique. Dialogues also may be structured as conversations which function to build consensus, conformity to everyday ritualistic practices, and a sense of community. The dark side of the dialogic ‘we’ and the community formed around ‘our’ and ‘us’ is the inevitable boundary that excludes ‘them’ and ‘theirs’. When dialogues are structured to build consensus and community, critical reflection on the bases of that consensus is required and vigilance to ensure that difference and diversity are not being excluded or assimilated (see Renshaw, 2002). Again it is argued that there is an irreducible tension here because understanding and appreciating diversity can be achieved only through engagement and living together in communities. Teachers who work to create such communities in their classrooms need to balance the need for common practices with the space to be different, resistant or challenging – again an artful performance that is difficult to articulate in terms of specific teaching techniques.