Joseph Salmons – författare

This book provides a detailed but accessible introduction to the development of the German language from the earliest reconstructable prehistory to the present day. Joe Salmons explores a range of topics in the history of the language, offering answers to questions such as: How did German come to have so many different dialects and close linguistic cousins like Dutch and Plattdeutsch? Why does German have 'umlaut' vowels and why do they play so many different roles in the grammar? Why are noun plurals so complicated? Are dialects dying out today? Does English, with all the words it loans to German, pose a threat to the language?This second edition has been extensively expanded and revised to include extended coverage of syntactic and pragmatic change throughout, expanded discussion of sociolinguistic aspects, language variation, and language contact, and more on the position of German in the Germanic family. The book is supported by a companion website and is suitable for language learners and teachers and students of linguistics, from undergraduate level upwards. The new edition also includes more detailed background information to make it more accessible for beginners.

This book presents a comprehensive and critical overview of historical phonology as it stands today. Scholars from around the world consider and advance research in every aspect of the field. In doing so they demonstrate the continuing vitality and some continuing themes of one of the oldest sub-disciplines of linguistics. The book is divided into six parts. The first considers key current research questions, the early history of the field, and the structuralist context for work on segmental change. The second examines evidence and methods, including phonological reconstruction, typology, and computational and quantitative approaches. Part III looks at types of phonological change, including stress, tone, and morphophonological change. Part IV explores a series of controversial aspects within the field, including the effects of first language acquisition, the status of lexical diffusion and exceptionless change, and the role of individuals in innovation. Part V considers theoretical perspectives on phonological change, including those of evolutionary phonology and generative historical phonology. The final part examines sociolinguistic and exogenous factors in phonological change, including the study of change in real time, the role of second language acquisition, and loanword adaptation. The authors, who represent leading proponents of every theoretical perspective, consider phonological change over a wide range of the world's language families. The handbook is, in sum, a valuable resource for phonologists and historical linguists and a stimulating guide for their students.

This book presents a comprehensive and critical overview of historical phonology as it stands today. Scholars from around the world consider and advance research in every aspect of the field. In doing so they demonstrate the continuing vitality of one of the oldest sub-disciplines of linguistics. The book is divided into six parts. The first considers key current research questions, the early history of the field, and the structuralist context for work on sound change. The second examines evidence and methods, including phonological reconstruction, typology, and computational and quantitative approaches. Part III looks at types of phonological change, including stress, tone, and morphophonological change. Part IV explores a series of controversial aspects within the field, including the effects of first language acquisition, the mechanisms of lexical diffusion, and the role of individuals in innovation. Part V considers the main theoretical perspectives including those of evolutionary phonology and generative historical phonology. The final part examines sociolinguistic and exogenous factors in phonological change, including the study of change in real time, the role of second language acquisition, and loanword adaptation. The authors, who represent leading proponents of every theoretical perspective, consider phonological change over a wide range of the world's language families. The handbook is, in sum, a valuable resource for phonologists and historical linguists and a stimulating guide for their students.

Wisconsin is one of the most linguistically rich places in North America. It has the greatest diversity of American Indian languages east of the Mississippi, including Ojibwe and Menominee from the Algonquian language family, Ho-Chunk from the Siouan family, and Oneida from the Iroquoian family. French place names dot the state's map. German, Norwegian, and Polish - the languages of immigrants in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries - are still spoken by tens of thousands of people, and the influx of new immigrants speaking Spanish, Hmong, and Somali continues to enrich the state's cultural landscape. These languages and others (Walloon, Cornish, Finnish, Czech, and more) have shaped the kinds of English spoken around the state. Within Wisconsin's borders are found three different major dialects of American English, and despite the influences of mass media and popular culture, they are not merging - they are dramatically diverging.An engaging survey for both general readers and language scholars, Wisconsin Talk brings together perspectives from linguistics, history, cultural studies, and geography to illuminate why language matters in our everyday lives. The authors highlight such topics as:words distinctive to the statehow recent and earlier immigrants have negotiated cultural and linguistic challengesthe diversity of bilingual speakers that enrich our communitieshow maps can convey the stories of languagethe relation of Wisconsin's Indian languages to language loss worldwide.

The first multi-volume reference work dedicated entirely to the field of diachronic linguistics The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Diachronic and Historical Linguistics is a state-of-the-art resource that explores the mechanisms underlying linguistic evolution. Bridging the gap between theoretical models and empirical research, this comprehensive work connects linguistics with allied disciplines such as psychology, anthropology, sociology, and biology, and provides an enriched understanding of how language interacts with human society and cognition. Contributions from more than 150 leading scholars cover an unparalleled range of key topics, from phonetics and syntax to semantics, pragmatics, and beyond. Spanning five volumes, the Companion combines cutting-edge theoretical perspectives with detailed case studies from a variety of language families, including underrepresented and non-verbal languages, such as sign languages. By examining the interaction of linguistic systems with societal and environmental factors, this landmark work offers a robust framework for investigating the dynamics of language variation and historical development. Synthesizing decades of groundbreaking research while paving the way for new discoveries, The Wiley Blackwell Companion to Diachronic and Historical Linguistics: Presents insights from diverse theoretical frameworks and methodologies in one comprehensive collectionFeatures in-depth analyses of diverse languages and language families, including lesser-studied languagesExplores the dynamics of language change within and across speakers, communities, and societiesHighlights the role of computational tools and statistical methods in advancing diachronic researchEstablishes connections with related fields to foster interdisciplinary collaborationThe Wiley Blackwell Companion to Diachronic and Historical Linguistics is ideal for advanced undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students in linguistics, particularly those taking courses on diachronic linguistics, historical linguistics, and language change. It is an indispensable reference for researchers and practitioners in fields intersecting with language evolution, including academic and professional linguists, philologists, and anthropologists engaged in exploring the complexities of language development and change.

Drawing examples from a range of world languages, this textbook introduces the ways in which speech sounds become different over time. It explores how we produce and hear particular sounds and how overall word shapes and the pronunciation of individual words change. The roles of phonetics and phonology, morphology and syntax, traditional formal models and recent exemplar-based work in sound change are all examined. In covering both structural and societal issues, the book integrates different kinds of historical evidence and different theories into a coherent understanding of the full process of sound change.

Drawing examples from a range of world languages, this textbook introduces the ways in which speech sounds become different over time. It explores how we produce and hear particular sounds and how overall word shapes and the pronunciation of individual words change. The roles of phonetics and phonology, morphology and syntax, traditional formal models and recent exemplar-based work in sound change are all examined. In covering both structural and societal issues, the book integrates different kinds of historical evidence and different theories into a coherent understanding of the full process of sound change.