Julia Schubert – författare

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2+ (B), Martin Luther University (Institute for Anglistics/American Studies), course: Proseminar, language: English, abstract: This term paper on synonymy has the aim to answer one certain question: Do wefind absolute or strict synonymy in the English language? Unfortunately, there isnot enough working time to have a look at the whole language or at least a largepart of it. Therefore, I decided to choose several texts dealing with the same topic,which precisely is the 11th September 2001 (the terror attacks against the UnitedStates of America). This seems to be a good basis for finding a lot of synonyms orsynonymous expressions. The working process is structured as follows: First, it is necessary to define theterm synonymy because there are two different opinions about it. On the onehand, some linguists are convinced that there is no total synonymy at all and onthe other hand, another group of linguists states that such a kind of synonymyexists but it occurs only rarely. A further look on those definitions will provide aclearer distinction. Then the main work has to be done. There are many texts available, which willserve to find a satisfying answer to the stated question. These texts, which I foundin the Internet, are from daily American and British newspapers, speeches ofpoliticians, eyewitness reports, TV reports, political magazines and privateInternet discussions. Certainly, these texts and articles contain a lot of material towork with. Finally, the last part of the termpaper will represent the results of this process the justification of total synonymy or its rejection. [...]

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3 (A), Martin Luther University (Institute for Anglistics/ American Studies), course: Short Fiction, language: English, abstract: Edgar Allan Poe is generally regarded as one of the most important and famous Americanauthors. He wrote many short stories, poems and reviews. This term paper has not the aim toconcentrate on his whole work but to examine a certain story. The writer is especially famous for his tales of ratiocination (Carlson 319). One of thesestories, The Murders in the Rue Morgue , shall be the central subject of this paper. Poehimself commented on this story to be something in a new key (Silverman 173). What Iwant to prove throughout this work is why Rue Morgue nowadays signifies not onlyVRPHWKLQJ that was new, but the prototype of the modern detective story (a thesis we find inmost of the literary encyclopaedias). For reaching a satisfactory final result, it is necessary to have, at first, a look at thedefinition of the short prose narrative (Ahrends 19), which was given by Poe himself. Thisterm is closely connected to the tales of ratiocination in which the usage of Poe s primaryprinciples reaches nearly perfection. This perfection is above all to be found in the story Rue Morgue , one of the best examples of Poe s writing skills and the beginning of thecreation of a new establishing literary genre. The analysis of the Rue Morgue will try tojustify this thesis. Therefore, a further look at the main characters, the structure of the story,the reader s expected reaction and more is required. Finally, this working process shall lead me to my actual aim: The justification of theprototypical character of the Rue Morgue for (modern) detective fiction by summarizing theimportant features and elements of this literary genre. [...]

Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 2+ (B), Martin Luther University (Institute for Anglistics/ American Studies), course: The Condition of England-Question, language: English, abstract: The Victorian age in England is generally defined by the reign of Queen Victoriafrom 1837 to 1901. Since the queen s rulership was for such a long time, it is notpossible to discuss the whole period as one homogen part. There were so manychanges during the different phases of Victorias s reign that the 64 years of herrulership may be seperated into 3 different periods: the first period which lastetuntil 1851 is a period of growth; England s manufacturing and trading forces grewmore and more. In 1851 the Great Exhibition in London started the second and forthis paper most important period. Now England was the leading industrial countryin the world; the period of supremacy had begun.The late Victorian period coversthe last quarter of the century. During this phase England lost its supremacy andthe society had a more critical look on the earlier periods.1The Victorian values which were developed by the middle class were mostinfluential during the second third of Victoria s reign. During this time the middleclass grew significantly and became very important (for example through theReform Bills which enlarged the voting population as well as through theirgrowing wealth). Because of their new role in society middle-class opinions,behavior and values were adopted by the other classes above and below.2Therefore, it can be said that from its beginning onwards the mid-Victorian erawas and is of a special influence on the British society in past and present: Theopening of the Great Exhibition was also the opening of the Golden Age ofVictorianism,... .3 This Golden Age even has been recognized at the end of the20th century when the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher stated: VictorianValues were the values when our country became great. 4 Therefore, this termpaper will discuss the famous Victorian Values which were developed in oneclass and later characterized a whole society. How did the people of the middle class live in the middle of the 19thcentury? How did they practise their morals and values? What were their moralsand ideals? [...]1 David Thomson, England in the Nineteenth Century: 1815-1914 (Harmondsworth: Penguin Books 1991)221-224. 2 Gottfried Niedhart, Geschichte Englands im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert, 3 Bande (Munchen: Verlag C.H. Beck1987) 39-49. 3 Thomson, England 19th Century, 100. 4 Asa Briggs, A Social History of England, 2nd edition (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1994) 249.

Seminar paper from the year 2003 in the subject Politics - General and Theories of International Politics, grade: 1,3 (A), Martin Luther University (GPS), course: International Political Economy, language: English, abstract: In the second half of the 20. century the term of "e;Hegemonic Stability Theory "e; wasintroduced by political scientists such as Stephen Krasner, Robert Gilpin and RobertKeohane to explain the mechanisms of the new economic world order that had beenestablished after the Second World War.1 The main assumption of the theory that astable liberal economic world order needs a hegemo n was explained with theexamples of the British hegemony in the 18. and 19. century and with the example ofAmerican hegemony in the postwar years of the second half of the 20. century. This term paper intends to answer the following questions: What is HegemonicStability Theory about? How is the shape of the hegemonic system? Why will itdecline? The theoretical assumptions will be extended by a closer look at the UShegemony. How was it possible that the US could establish their leadership in theinternational economic system? What did they do to create a stable global economicorder? Of course, the last questions have to answer why the US weakened and whytheir hegemony eventually declined? How is the situation today? Is there still ahegemon?To answer these questions, the first part of the paper will summarize the mainassumptions of the theory. Then, the international economic situation after theSecond World War which enabled the US to become the world s hegemon will beshortly presented. The following chapters will deal with the establishment of the UShegemonyby creating international regimes such as IMF, IBRD and GATT. Finally,the end of the paper will explain how the American hegemony declined and whichrole it plays in the present international economy. 1 Reinhard Rode. Weltregieren durch Internationale Wirtschaftsorganisationen. Halle, 2001: 24.

Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1, Martin Luther University (Institut fur Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Orality and Literacy, language: English, abstract: The central topics of the works of the writer, educator, communication theorist, social critic and cultural commentator Neil Postman have always been the media, their different forms of communication and their meanings to people, society and culture. Any of his books was built around the McLuhan-question: "e;Does the form of any medium of communication affect our social relations, our political ideas, or psychic habits, and of course, as he [Marshall McLuhan] always emphasized, our sensorium"e; (Postman: 07/30/05)? Postman was aware of the fact that a new technology and therefore a new medium may have destructive as well as creative effects. During the history of mankind there have been tremendous changes in the forms, volume, speed and context of information and it is necessary to find out what these changes meant and mean to our cultures (Postman: 1985, 160). For him, it is a basic principle that "e;the clearest way to see through a culture is to attend to its tools for conversation"e; (Postman: 1985, 8). In the book "e;Amusing Ourselves to Death - Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business"e; Postman examines, from a 1980s viewpoint, the changes in the American culture caused by the shift from the Age of Reason with the printed word at its center to the Age of Show Business with television as the central medium - or in simplifying terms the shift from rationality to triviality. Twenty years later, the situation has changed again. This term paper will make an attempt to answer the question what the new media, especially the internet, did to the modern (American) culture and to its public discourse. Obviously, Postman's provocative title "e;Amusing Ourselves to Death"e; was just the beginning of a fast moving development since nowadays the modern media world seems to shape our lives under the title "e;Informing Ourselves to Death"e; (Postman: 07/30/05) or to use one of the latest terms "e;Infotaining Ourselves to Death"e;. ..First of all, the following chapters will examine the line of Postman's argumentation which led to the conclusion that television has significantly transformed the American society into an amusement and entertainment culture. What has happened and what was the role of the media? Was this the beginning of a "e;Brave New World"e;? As a matter of fact, Postman's theories and statements are not to be taken as unreflected truth. Subsequently,some critical remarks are to be made from a 21 st -century viewpoint. [...]

Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 1,7, Martin Luther University (Institut fur Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Modernism and Its Others: U.S.-American Literature and Culture in the 1920s, language: English, abstract: When the French philosopher, critic and writer Jean-Paul Sartre concluded an essay on the American novelist John Dos Passos in 1938 with the words "e;I regard Dos Passos as the greatest writer of our time"e; it was quite clear that the author of the trilogy U.S.A. had joined the class of the most important and influential writers in American literature. The three novels of the trilogy are critical documents and portraits of the history and life of the American nation during the first three decades of the 20 th century. U.S.A. is a social and political work that is shaped by the stylistic experimentation of the author who treats art in the service of history 1 and therefore leaves him in a literary outstanding position. This term paper aims to explain and justify this position of Dos Passos by examining and analyzing The Big Money which was the final novel of U.S.A. First of all, this work will give an overview and assessment of the trilogy as a whole to facilitate an analytical insight into its meaning and purpose. Secondly, the four different styles of narration will be discussed. The third part of the paper will deal with The Big Money: What is the historical context of the novel? Who are the main characters? Finally, the themes of the novel will be shortly summarized in the fourth part of this paper. [...]