K. Ewe – författare

Constipation and incontinence are of considerable importance to a great number of patients but many put it under taboo. Both functional disturbances comprise a wide spectrum of pathophysiological findings of neuro-muscular changes of the colon or the pelvic floor, but psychological factors may play an important role as well. In the 1990s much progress has been made in several disciplines which are important for the understanding and handling of constipation and incontinence. This volume, the proceedings of Falk Symposium No. 95 held in Freiburg, Germany, October 28-30, 1996, concentrates on clinically relevant and open questions rather than trying to cover the whole field in detail.

The first portion of this work is devoted to a consideration of the practical aspects of the proctoscopic examination and thus presents the indications for performing a proctologic evaluation, the information that may be obtained from the patient''s medical history, an example of a preprinted data form for use in the recording of the physician''s findings, the preparation and positioning of the patient, and the preliminary examination of the anus including the digital rectal examination. The instruments needed to perform proctoscopy are uncomplicated, and the basic tools are inexpensive. The instruments currently available do not really differ from each other except in minor details. In the text, therefore, we have only described the prototype instruments, and details about the pro­ posed advantages of any particular instrument can be obtained from its manufac­ turer. The concluding portion of the text describes how the proctoscopic and colonoscopic examinations are performed. The atlas itself is a topographical stratification of the various diseases that may involve the perianal region, the anus, and the adjacent portions of the large bowel as well as their classification according to morphologic criteria, for example, inflammatory bowel diseases and tumors. Since many pathologic findings in the rectum and sigmoid colon are comparable to those in the upper portions of the large bowel, a duplication of these proctoscopic and colonoscopic illustrations has been avoided.

The first portion of this work is devoted to a consideration of the practical aspects of the proctoscopic examination and thus presents the indications for performing a proctologic evaluation, the information that may be obtained from the patient's medical history, an example of a preprinted data form for use in the recording of the physician's findings, the preparation and positioning of the patient, and the preliminary examination of the anus including the digital rectal examination. The instruments needed to perform proctoscopy are uncomplicated, and the basic tools are inexpensive. The instruments currently available do not really differ from each other except in minor details. In the text, therefore, we have only described the prototype instruments, and details about the pro­ posed advantages of any particular instrument can be obtained from its manufac­ turer. The concluding portion of the text describes how the proctoscopic and colonoscopic examinations are performed. The atlas itself is a topographical stratification of the various diseases that may involve the perianal region, the anus, and the adjacent portions of the large bowel as well as their classification according to morphologic criteria, for example, inflammatory bowel diseases and tumors. Since many pathologic findings in the rectum and sigmoid colon are comparable to those in the upper portions of the large bowel, a duplication of these proctoscopic and colonoscopic illustrations has been avoided.

Dieses Buch hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, die gastroenterologi­ Erkrankungen systematisch zu beschreiben, wobei auf alle schen pathophysiologischen Ausführungen verzichtet wurde, obwohl diese zum Verständnis der Erkrankungen und des Ablaufes an sich notwendig wären. Begründet wird das damit, daß diese Buchreihe dem praktisch tätigen Kollegen für eine erste unmittelbare Information zur Verfügung gestellt wird, um ihm durch Über­ sichts-Tabellen einen möglichst raschen Weg zu Diagnose und Therapie aufzuzeigen. Daß Diagnostik und Therapie stets im Wandel begriffen sind und deswegen ständig neue Informationen eingeholt werden müssen, ergibt sich aus der raschen Entwicklung der Medizin. Autoren und Herausgeber hoffen, daß das Buch dem praktisch tätigen Arzt bei seiner täglichen schweren und ver­ antwortungsvollen Arbeit Hilfe leistet. Linz, im Sommer 1976 P.H. Clodi v Inhalt Vonvort .......................................... V Zeichenerklärung .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . XVII . . . . . . . . Abkürzungen ...................................... XVIII Verzeichnis der Mitarbeiter ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X . . X . . . . P. H. Clodi Übersichtstabellen I-V ............................... . Ch. Herfarth und J. Horn Das akute Abdomen ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . . . . . . . . . 1. Definition. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. Allgemeine Symptomatologie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3. Allgemeine diagnostische Hinweise .................. 8 3.1. Anamnese. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.2. Klinische Untersuchung. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.2.1. Allgemeininspektion ....................... 83.2.2. Inspektion des Abdomens ................... 9 3.2.3. Der Schmerz .............................. 9 3.2.4. Palpation.................................. 9 3.2.5. Auskultation.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 . . . . . . . 3.2.6. Perkussion................................ 10 3.2.7. Rektale Untersuchung... . ... . ... . ... . .... .. 10 3.2.8. Gynäkologische Untersuchung.. . . ... . ....... 10 3.3. Laboruntersuchungen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 10 . . . . 3.4. Röntgenuntersuchungen. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 11 . . . 4. Ätiologie und Differentialdiagnose .................. 11 Weiterführende Literatur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 . . . . . . . . F. H. Franken Funktionelle Beschwerden des Magen-Darmtrakts (Reizmagen, irritables Colon, habituelle Obstipation, funktionelle Diarrhoe) ................................ 22 1. Definition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 . . . . . . . . . . . .