K. Nakamura – författare

Quantum and chaos, key concepts in contemporary science, are incompatible by nature. This volume presents an investigation into quantum transport in mesoscopic or nanoscale systems which are classically chaotic and shows the success and failure of quantal, semiclassical, and random matrix theories in dealing with questions emerging from the mesoscopic cosmos. These traditional theories are critically analysed, and this leads to a new direction. To reconcile quantum with chaos and to restore genuine temporal chaos in quantum systems, a time-discrete variant of quantum dynamics is proposed. The book should be of interest to graduate students and researchers in physics, chemistry and mathematics, whose work involves fundamental questions of quantum mechanics in chaotic systems.

Ultrasonic transducers are key components in sensors for distance, flow and level measurement as well as in power, biomedical and other applications of ultrasound. Ultrasonic transducers reviews recent research in the design and application of this important technology.Part one provides an overview of materials and design of ultrasonic transducers. Piezoelectricity and basic configurations are explored in depth, along with electromagnetic acoustic transducers, and the use of ceramics, thin film and single crystals in ultrasonic transducers. Part two goes on to investigate modelling and characterisation, with performance modelling, electrical evaluation, laser Doppler vibrometry and optical visualisation all considered in detail. Applications of ultrasonic transducers are the focus of part three, beginning with a review of surface acoustic wave devices and air-borne ultrasound transducers, and going on to consider ultrasonic transducers for use at high temperature and in flaw detection systems, power, biomedical and micro-scale ultrasonics, therapeutic ultrasound devices, piezoelectric and fibre optic hydrophones, and ultrasonic motors are also described.With its distinguished editor and expert team of international contributors,Ultrasonic transducers is an authoritative review of key developments for engineers and materials scientists involved in this area of technology as well as in its applications in sectors as diverse as electronics, wireless communication and medical diagnostics.Reviews recent research in the design and application of ultrasonic transducersProvides an overview of the materials and design of ultrasonic transducers, with an in-depth exploration of piezoelectricity and basic configurationsInvestigates modelling and characterisation, applications of ultrasonic transducers, and ultrasonic transducers for use at high temperature and in flaw detection systems

Studies on microbial RNases began in 1924 when NOGUCHI found nucleic acid degrading enzymes in Takadiastase, a commercially prepared digest from Aspergillus oryzae. In 1935 OrANI reported the presence of enzymes degrading yeast RNA in fungi (Aspergillus sp. etc.). In 1948, MCCARTY studied the nuclease activity in 36 strains of group A hemolytic Streptococci and indicated the release of both RNase and DNase from Streptococcal cells during growth in culture media. As is well known, these nucleases (TILLETT et al., 1948) are applied in the treatment of inflammatory exudates. In 1952, MUGGLETON and WEBB found RNase in the culture medium of Actinomy- ces (strain A), and they suggested that the ability of the medium to render killed Gram-positive cells Gram-negative may be due to the RNase. In the same year PARDEE and his colleagues (1952 a, b) found RNase activity in E. coli (strain B) in- fected by bacteriophage T r, T3 etc. 2 KUNINAKA (1954) found ribonuclease in culture @trates of Aspergillus oryzae.

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a hyperostotic condition of the spine with severe neurological deficits. In 1975 the Investigation Committee for OPLL, under the auspices of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare, established diagnostic criteria for the condition, and with growing awareness of OPLL among Japanese researchers and spinal surgeons, the number of patients diagnosed with the condition in Japan has increased in recent years. As knowledge of OPLL has spread, there has also been an increase in the number of reported cases of the condition in other parts of the world: Asia, the United States, and Europe. Until now, however, little has been published on the subject in English; thus the appearance of this present volume is most timely. It brings together information on all aspects of OPLL - epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment - with contributions by Japanese researchers and surgeons, including members of the Ministry of Health and Welfare Investigation Committee, and by American surgeons with expertise in the field. This collection of reports on OPLL, amply augmented with illustrations, will be of special interest to orthopedic surgeons and neurosurgeons, and to neurologists, rheumatologists, neuroradiologists, and pathologists.

Cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament was developed and refined in Japan during the 1970s. Since that time, various cervical laminoplasty techniques have been further analyzed and modified, and have proven to be clinically successful. Until now cervical laminoplasty has been practiced primarily in Japan, and surgeons outside Japan had only limited access to the detailed English literature needed to make full use of the procedures. This book fills that gap in English information and provides a detailed, up-to-date guide to performing safe and effective cervical laminoplasty. Drawing on the latest knowledge from Japan, the book covers the history of cervical laminoplasty, surgical anatomy, basic procedures, modified procedures, possible complications, and perspectives on the future of expansive laminoplasty. This volume by leaders in the field is an excellent guide for all surgeons interested in laminoplasty.

Cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament was developed and refined in Japan during the 1970s. Since that time, various cervical laminoplasty techniques have been further analyzed and modified, and have proven to be clinically successful. Until now cervical laminoplasty has been practiced primarily in Japan, and surgeons outside Japan had only limited access to the detailed English literature needed to make full use of the procedures. This book fills that gap in English information and provides a detailed, up-to-date guide to performing safe and effective cervical laminoplasty. Drawing on the latest knowledge from Japan, the book covers the history of cervical laminoplasty, surgical anatomy, basic procedures, modified procedures, possible complications, and perspectives on the future of expansive laminoplasty. This volume by leaders in the field is an excellent guide for all surgeons interested in laminoplasty.

Quantum and chaos, key concepts in contemporary science, are incompatible by nature. This volume presents an investigation into quantum transport in mesoscopic or nanoscale systems which are classically chaotic and shows the success and failure of quantal, semiclassical, and random matrix theories in dealing with questions emerging from the mesoscopic cosmos. These traditional theories are critically analysed, and this leads to a new direction. To reconcile quantum with chaos and to restore genuine temporal chaos in quantum systems, a time-discrete variant of quantum dynamics is proposed. Audience:This book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in physics, chemistry and mathematics, whose work involves fundamental questions of quantum mechanics in chaotic systems.

Articles are presented, covering a wide range of topics in the mathematical methods of quantum physics. These include infinite dimensional analysis based on white noise, operator algebra methods, Feynman path integrals, quantum mechanics on non-simply connected spaces, recent results in supersymmetric theories, stochastic and quantum dynamics, Yang-Baxter systems, statistical physics, thermo field dynamics, and quantum field theory.The essays are based on lectures contributed for the Second Jagna International Workshop held in honour of Prof. Hiroshi Ezawa, a distinguished physicist, educator, and former president of the Physical Society of Japan.