Karl Vind – författare

The work on this book started many years ago as an attempt to simplify and unify some results usually taught in courses in mathematical economics. The economic interpretation of the re­ sults were representations of preferences as sums or integrals and the decomposition of preferences into utilities and probabilities. It later turned out that t.he approach taken in the earlier versions were also the proper approach in generalizing from preferences which were total preorders to preferences which were not total or tran­ sitive. The same mathematics would even in that situation give representations which were additive. It would also give decomposi­ tions where concepts of uncertainty appeared. Early versions of some of the results appeared as Working Pa­ pers No. 135, 140, 150, and 176 from The Center for Research in Management Science, Berkeley. A first version of chapters 2, 4, 6, 7, and 8 appeared 1969 with the title" Mean Groupoids" [177]. They are essentially unchanged -except for some notes especially in chapter 6. Another version appeared 1990 as [178]. Chapter 10 contains results from the same versions and from [181]. Chapter 11 by Birgit Grodal is based on [91] by Grodal and Jp,an-Francois Mertens. Chapters 11 and 12 - also by Birgit Gro­ dal -contains the results from the earlier versions, but have been extended (by Karl Vind) to take into account the new corollaries of the results in the other chapters.

Competition and efficiency is at the core of economic theory. This volume collects papers of leading scholars, which extend the conventional general equilibrium model in important ways: Efficiency and price regulation are studied when markets are incomplete and existence of equilibria in such settings is proven under very general preference assumptions. The model is extended to include geographical location choice, a commodity space incorporating manufacturing imprecision and preferences for club-membership, schools and firms. Inefficiencies arising from household externalities or group membership are evaluated. Core equivalence is shown for bargaining economies. The theory of risk aversion is extended and the relation between risk taking and wealth is experimentally investigated. Other topics include determinacy in OLG with cash-in-advance constraints, income distribution and democracy in OLG, learning in OLG and in games, optimal pricing of derivative securities, the impact of heterogeneity at the individual level for aggregate consumption, and adaptive contracting in view of uncertainty.

This book deals with the important economic problem of uncertainty. The first attempt was to simplify and unify some results usually taught in courses in mathematical economics. The economic interpretation of the results was representations of preferences as sums or integrals and the decomposition of preferences into utilities and probabilities. The book contains all the classical results, but the main justification of the book is that the approach taken in the earlier versions was also the proper approach in generalizing from preferences, which were total preorders to preferences, which were not total or transitive. The same mathematics gives representations which are additive. It also gives decompositions where concepts of utility, probability, and uncertainty appeared. These results are new and give a solution to how uncertainty can be formalized.