This book brings together a diverse group of researchers to address the challenges posed by global mass poisoning caused by fluoride contamination of water bodies. The book sheds light on this global environmental issue and proposes solutions to contamination through multi-disciplinary approaches. Water is considered a vital resource because it is necessary for all aspects of human and ecosystem survival. However, due to natural processes and anthropogenic activities, various pollutants have been added to the water system. Among these, fluoride and fluorocarbons (fluorinated carbon) are some of the most serious pollutants. It occurs naturally in several minerals and in trace quantities in water. Due to its characteristics, it is very widely used in medicine, dentistry, industry, or agriculture. Fluoride content in drinking water is very important from health point of view as because it has long been recognized as a constituents of bones, teeth, soft tissues, and body fluids. On the other hand, its universality possesses a real threat to the human body in the form of acute and chronic poisoning. There are reports that excessive fluoride intake for extended period causes adverse effects of health such as fluorosis, cancer, arthritis, and other diseases. It has also been observed that fluoride in excess affects human intelligence, especially in children, who are most susceptible to early fluoride toxicity.

This book contains three sections. The first section describes the different sources and distribution of fluoride in water ecosystem. The second section explains the health risks linked to fluoride poisoning. The third section addresses sustainable fluoride toxicity mitigation strategies and the potential applications of recent biological technology in providing solutions. This book is a valuable resource to students, academics, researchers, and environmental professionals doing fieldwork on fluoride and fluorocarbons contamination throughout the world.

This book offers up-to-date research on genome editing and omics technologies from renowned academics with established backgrounds from throughout the globe. The world population is expected to touch 9–10 billion by 2050 and to feed the growing population, 50% more food must be produced globally than is currently produced. Nonetheless, it is a difficult challenge to increase the food output of the currently existing crops on available land. Over the past few decades, traditional crop enhancement techniques like plant breeding and other agricultural technology have made a significant contribution to food and nutritional security. With the use of strong technologies, genome editing strategies can significantly improve the productivity and efficiency of current agricultural practices. Discovering the underlying mechanisms influencing features of economic value has been made possible through genome editing through CRISPR/Cas9, primer and base editing, and OMICs through genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and phenomics.

This book provides a wealth of information on omics and genome editing approaches and their application to develop abiotic, biotic, and climate-tolerant crops, as well as RNA interference, next-generation sequencing, and metabolomics for sustainable crop production. Researchers are actively using both genome editing and omics for crop improvement; however, there is limited literature offered in a single source. Undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders will find this book to be an invaluable resource.

This book discusses current developments and upcoming trends in the microbial synthesis of various bioactive compounds from waste product which have a very good market worldwide. The extraction of biologically active compounds from microorganisms is still essential for the creation of novel pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, and has underpinned their application as drugs and functional food ingredients. The demand of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and agrochemicals is rising globally for the multi-billion dollar market of human disease prevention and treatment. However, the limitations and issues associated with the extraction of these bioactive compounds from natural resources, such as plants, animals, or fungi, limit the large-scale use of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and agrochemicals. The microbial production of agrochemicals, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals by utilizing by utilizing waste product is now thought to be an environmentally benign process. The major goal of this book is to draw attention to excellent original research and review articles that contain cutting-edge characterization techniques and novel bioactive chemicals production that make important contributions to the field with many prospective applications. In this book, the potential for using microbial bioactive compounds which have positive health effects in their entirety is highlighted. This book is written by eminent scientists from around the world and seasoned researchers, thoroughly discusses current developments and patterns in the microbial synthesis of bioactive compounds. Academicians, scientists, researchers, graduate and post-graduate students who work in the highly dynamic and competitive fields of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and agrochemicals discovery will find this book to be ideal.

This book brings together a diverse group of researchers to address the challenges posed by global mass poisoning caused by fluoride contamination of water bodies. The book sheds light on this global environmental issue and proposes solutions to contamination through multi-disciplinary approaches. Water is considered a vital resource because it is necessary for all aspects of human and ecosystem survival. However, due to natural processes and anthropogenic activities, various pollutants have been added to the water system. Among these, fluoride and fluorocarbons (fluorinated carbon) are some of the most serious pollutants. It occurs naturally in several minerals and in trace quantities in water. Due to its characteristics, it is very widely used in medicine, dentistry, industry, or agriculture. Fluoride content in drinking water is very important from health point of view as because it has long been recognized as a constituents of bones, teeth, soft tissues, and body fluids. On the other hand, its universality possesses a real threat to the human body in the form of acute and chronic poisoning. There are reports that excessive fluoride intake for extended period causes adverse effects of health such as fluorosis, cancer, arthritis, and other diseases. It has also been observed that fluoride in excess affects human intelligence, especially in children, who are most susceptible to early fluoride toxicity.

This book contains three sections. The first section describes the different sources and distribution of fluoride in water ecosystem. The second section explains the health risks linked to fluoride poisoning. The third section addresses sustainable fluoride toxicity mitigation strategies and the potential applications of recent biological technology in providing solutions. This book is a valuable resource to students, academics, researchers, and environmental professionals doing fieldwork on fluoride and fluorocarbons contamination throughout the world.

This book offers up-to-date research on genome editing and omics technologies from renowned academics with established backgrounds from throughout the globe. The world population is expected to touch 9–10 billion by 2050 and to feed the growing population, 50% more food must be produced globally than is currently produced. Nonetheless, it is a difficult challenge to increase the food output of the currently existing crops on available land. Over the past few decades, traditional crop enhancement techniques like plant breeding and other agricultural technology have made a significant contribution to food and nutritional security. With the use of strong technologies, genome editing strategies can significantly improve the productivity and efficiency of current agricultural practices. Discovering the underlying mechanisms influencing features of economic value has been made possible through genome editing through CRISPR/Cas9, primer and base editing, and OMICs through genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and phenomics.

This book provides a wealth of information on omics and genome editing approaches and their application to develop abiotic, biotic, and climate-tolerant crops, as well as RNA interference, next-generation sequencing, and metabolomics for sustainable crop production. Researchers are actively using both genome editing and omics for crop improvement; however, there is limited literature offered in a single source. Undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders will find this book to be an invaluable resource.

This book discusses current developments and upcoming trends in the microbial synthesis of various bioactive compounds from waste product which have a very good market worldwide. The extraction of biologically active compounds from microorganisms is still essential for the creation of novel pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, and has underpinned their application as drugs and functional food ingredients. The demand of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and agrochemicals is rising globally for the multi-billion dollar market of human disease prevention and treatment. However, the limitations and issues associated with the extraction of these bioactive compounds from natural resources, such as plants, animals, or fungi, limit the large-scale use of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and agrochemicals. The microbial production of agrochemicals, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals by utilizing by utilizing waste product is now thought to be an environmentally benign process. The major goal of this book is to draw attention to excellent original research and review articles that contain cutting-edge characterization techniques and novel bioactive chemicals production that make important contributions to the field with many prospective applications. In this book, the potential for using microbial bioactive compounds which have positive health effects in their entirety is highlighted. This book is written by eminent scientists from around the world and seasoned researchers, thoroughly discusses current developments and patterns in the microbial synthesis of bioactive compounds. Academicians, scientists, researchers, graduate and post-graduate students who work in the highly dynamic and competitive fields of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and agrochemicals discovery will find this book to be ideal.