This study investigates the potential for biological repair in UV-irradiated oocysts, and it presents the results of concurrent lines of investigation to examine whether reactivation occurs following UV disinfection and also to determine if C. parvum has the genetic basis for repair. The primary objectives of the study included the following: Determine whether C. parvum oocysts of multiple isolates, irradiated with varying doses of UV light, can repair and regain infectivity under light or dark conditions using in-vitro cell culture with a human cell line. Confirm cell culture results with animal infectivity using a neonatal mouse model. Identify possible DNA repair genes in C. parvum by performing homology searches with sequence databases, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, and sequencing clones from a genomic library. Measure the extent of UV-induced DNA damage by quantitative PCR. If reactivation is detected, evaluate the effects of both post-UV chemical disinfection on oocyst reactivation and determine the increased UV dosage necessary to inhibit repair. Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2004.
Best Newspaper Writing 2002 celebrates the winners of the ASNE Distinguished Writing Awards, including the Jesse Laventhol Prizes honouring deadline reporting, and featuring the Community Service Photojournalism Award on a companion CD-ROM. N R Kleinfeld of the New York Times reconstructed the morning of September 11 with stories and stunning details. Jim Dwyer's short stories in the New York Times, resurrected from the smallest pieces of September 11 debris, accomplish a feat that Dwyer himself describes in one of his poignant stories. The Wall Street Journal staff, amid a cloud of personal grief and national uncertainty, produced stories so stirring, encompassing, and complete that they remained relevant and vibrant long after September 11. John McCormick, an editorial writer for the Chicago Tribune, displays amazing range -- from the contradictions of praying for peace amid war in Afghanistan, to a tribute to a murdered Chicago cop. Steve Lopez's storytelling always surprises, whether he's chronicling the unfolding tragedies of September 11, or knocking back a six-pack of beer and a dozen doughnuts in the name of journalistic inquiry.Anne Hull of the Washington Post explores the gentrification of a neighbourhood and the aftershocks of September 11. Ellen Barry of the Boston Globe writes of the 'Lost Boys' of Sudan, and their odyssey from African cattle herders to urban teens. J Albert Diaz of the Miami Herald captures the elusive concept of the American Dream.<