Khazal Al-Majidi – författare

Eleven plays that respond to the aftermath of the American-led invasion, providing a window into Iraq's cultural and theatrical landscape during a time of profound change.Standing as a testament to Iraq's enduring spirit and its deep-rooted tradition of political theatre, this volume expands on the previous instalment, showcasing the themes and dramatic styles that help define the country’s art.From grappling with trauma, terrorism, and alienation to portraying love, resilience, and resistance, these plays offer a vivid portrayal of post-invasion Iraq, serving as an essential anthology for theatre enthusiasts, Middle Eastern theatre students, and anyone curious about the human stories emerging from this turbulent period. More than a collection of plays though, each work includes a personal introduction by its playwright, shedding light on their creative motivations and the historical backdrop that inspired these powerful pieces.Through these translated plays, Contemporary Plays from Iraq Volume II brings to the forefront narratives often overlooked or silenced, highlighting on the experiences of those marginalized by conflict, extremism, and societal norms. Featuring a general introduction that provides a more focused exploration of the issues, themes, challenges, and dramatic styles that define contemporary theatre in Iraq after the war, as well as serves as a vital roadmap for understanding the broader context in which these plays unfold. Unique, comprehensive, and diverse in its exploration of Iraqi theatre, and enriched by the insights of the playwrights themselves, this is a collection of voices that deserve to be heard and understood.Cover artwork by Angham Al-Zubaidy.

Eleven plays that respond to the aftermath of the American-led invasion, providing a window into Iraq's cultural and theatrical landscape during a time of profound change.Standing as a testament to Iraq's enduring spirit and its deep-rooted tradition of political theatre, this volume expands on the previous instalment, showcasing the themes and dramatic styles that help define the country’s art.From grappling with trauma, terrorism, and alienation to portraying love, resilience, and resistance, these plays offer a vivid portrayal of post-invasion Iraq, serving as an essential anthology for theatre enthusiasts, Middle Eastern theatre students, and anyone curious about the human stories emerging from this turbulent period. More than a collection of plays though, each work includes a personal introduction by its playwright, shedding light on their creative motivations and the historical backdrop that inspired these powerful pieces.Through these translated plays, Contemporary Plays from Iraq Volume II brings to the forefront narratives often overlooked or silenced, highlighting on the experiences of those marginalized by conflict, extremism, and societal norms. Featuring a general introduction that provides a more focused exploration of the issues, themes, challenges, and dramatic styles that define contemporary theatre in Iraq after the war, as well as serves as a vital roadmap for understanding the broader context in which these plays unfold. Unique, comprehensive, and diverse in its exploration of Iraqi theatre, and enriched by the insights of the playwrights themselves, this is a collection of voices that deserve to be heard and understood.Cover artwork by Angham Al-Zubaidy.

Eleven plays that respond to the aftermath of the American-led invasion, providing a window into Iraq''s cultural and theatrical landscape during a time of profound change. Standing as a testament to Iraq''s enduring spirit and its deep-rooted tradition of political theatre, this volume expands on the previous instalment, showcasing the themes and dramatic styles that help define the country''s art. From grappling with trauma, terrorism, and alienation to portraying love, resilience, and resistance, these plays offer a vivid portrayal of post-invasion Iraq, serving as an essential anthology for theatre enthusiasts, Middle Eastern theatre students, and anyone curious about the human stories emerging from this turbulent period. More than a collection of plays though, each work includes a personal introduction by its playwright, shedding light on their creative motivations and the historical backdrop that inspired these powerful pieces. Through these translated plays, Contemporary Plays from Iraq Volume II brings to the forefront narratives often overlooked or silenced, highlighting on the experiences of those marginalized by conflict, extremism, and societal norms. Featuring a general introduction that provides a more focused exploration of the issues, themes, challenges, and dramatic styles that define contemporary theatre in Iraq after the war, as well as serves as a vital roadmap for understanding the broader context in which these plays unfold. Unique, comprehensive, and diverse in its exploration of Iraqi theatre, and enriched by the insights of the playwrights themselves, this is a collection of voices that deserve to be heard and understood.Cover artwork by Angham Al-Zubaidy.

Eleven plays that respond to the aftermath of the American-led invasion, providing a window into Iraq''s cultural and theatrical landscape during a time of profound change. Standing as a testament to Iraq''s enduring spirit and its deep-rooted tradition of political theatre, this volume expands on the previous instalment, showcasing the themes and dramatic styles that help define the country''s art. From grappling with trauma, terrorism, and alienation to portraying love, resilience, and resistance, these plays offer a vivid portrayal of post-invasion Iraq, serving as an essential anthology for theatre enthusiasts, Middle Eastern theatre students, and anyone curious about the human stories emerging from this turbulent period. More than a collection of plays though, each work includes a personal introduction by its playwright, shedding light on their creative motivations and the historical backdrop that inspired these powerful pieces. Through these translated plays, Contemporary Plays from Iraq Volume II brings to the forefront narratives often overlooked or silenced, highlighting on the experiences of those marginalized by conflict, extremism, and societal norms. Featuring a general introduction that provides a more focused exploration of the issues, themes, challenges, and dramatic styles that define contemporary theatre in Iraq after the war, as well as serves as a vital roadmap for understanding the broader context in which these plays unfold. Unique, comprehensive, and diverse in its exploration of Iraqi theatre, and enriched by the insights of the playwrights themselves, this is a collection of voices that deserve to be heard and understood.Cover artwork by Angham Al-Zubaidy.

When the features of Iranian civilization became clear and expanded politically to control most of the Near East, after the fall of Babylon and the fall of the great Near Eastern civilizations, Iran took over and ensured continued communication with the ancient and early medieval West (Greece, Rome, and Byzantium), and the Far East with its two great orbits, China and India. It placed the entire East in its crucible and forged from its elements treasures from which it still draws. At this stage, it seemed as if it were the heart of the ancient East and its conduit for communication with the West. Just as Iran''s ancient history was linked to the heritage of Mesopotamia, the medieval, modern, and contemporary history of Iran is linked to Islam and its successive transformations, to which Iran made a unique cultural and civilizational contribution. Iran has played a major role in global affairs. It is the birthplace of ideas and ideologies and the cradle of the first monotheistic religion, Zoroastrianism. It united all of Iran and strongly influenced the emergence of Abrahamic monotheism, which later emerged through Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Iranian civilization was like a reservoir between the civilizations of India and Mesopotamia. It drew its ancient religious heritage from the Vedic and Indian heritage, as well as from Mesopotamia and Ela, and gave a unique and new color that mixed the heritage of Aryan pantheism with the heritage of Semitic polytheism and monotheism. The first part of the book Iranian civilization included in the introductory chapter research into the identity of Iran and Iranology and references for its scientific study, then the origins of Iranians and the roots of its ancient peoples, Iranologists and a brief about their efforts and the biographies of prominent ones among them in the world and in Iran. In the following chapters, we dealt with the geography of ancient Iran and a brief history of its ancient history, and the political aspect, where we discussed the systems of government, the layers of the political pyramid and all its components. Then we discussed the nature of the systems supporting the political system, justice, law, and the organization of the state and society, the history of laws in ancient Iran, the distinctive military aspect of the Iranian state and empires, civil life and civil society, its composition, manifestations and reasons for its decline, the development of economic life in Iran and its general characteristics and the pyramid of economic formation, and Iranian linguistic, literary and intellectual aspects.

This book explains, through the science of Semitics, the history of the Semitic peoples and their cultural origins, discussing the Semitic problem, the origin of the term Semitic, then introducing the Semitic languages, their types and characteristics, introducing the various Semitic writings in different scripts, whether syllabic or alphabetic, then theories of the origin of the Semites and their civilizations and discussing them. The book goes on to take a special and new look at the roots of the emergence of the Semites in the Chalcolithic Age in the sixth millennium BC in Mesopotamia and their announcement of this new era in which the masculine reversal, the use of metals, and the emergence of cities and temples appeared, which was transmitted to neighboring peoples, stimulating the emergence of the Indo-European, Caucasian and Turkish peoples and making them They enter the Chalcolithic Age and their extensive migrations begin, which led to the emergence of major civilizations at the beginning of historical times. The author follows up this theory by applying and tracing the roots of the emergence of the Semites and their formation of early civilizations in Mesopotamia, the Levant, and then in the entire East.

The Sumerian myths enjoy a rare primogeniture that most of the world''s myths lack. They were the first myths known to man and formed the essence of his first religion. Therefore, their sources were authentic, embodied in two unique essences: the fertile riverine nature of Mesopotamia and the agricultural culture that matured at the end of prehistoric times in Mesopotamia. Nature was the source. The first neighborhood for the emergence of Sumerian mythology, and we can find the echo of nature, its laws, movement, and changes in all Sumerian mythology, where the Sumerian imagination wove images of the gods who control and move all aspects and forms of nature, and it was primarily occupied with the conflict between water and air. The movement of the planets and the positions of the stars took precedence in this regard because they are part of the nature of the sky, and for this reason all the spheres and stars have gods, and some of them have one or more legends. As for the agricultural culture that matured in Mesopotamia, it included all the qualitative developments in the innovation and worship of gods and their symbols of the cultures of the Neolithic and Copper Ages.

This book may be the first of its kind in both the Arab and foreign libraries. It deals with a rare topic that many people fear because of its need for a large body of knowledge in the history and science of monotheistic religions and their roots. The Mandaean religion is still surrounded by a lot of ambiguity and ambiguity, so what if the subject is (mythology), which examines the explanation, analysis and interpretation of Mandaic mythology, which is the first threshold of Gnosticism and monotheism. This book will, for a very long time, be unique in its subject matter and will provide readers and researchers with the real keys to understanding the Mandaean religion and exploring its depths, away from the superficial books that have been written about it. He places Mandaean myths in a comprehensive cosmic cycle that begins with creation, then construction, then devastation, and ends with death and annihilation. In doing so, he establishes a connection between the subject of the myths and the time of their occurrence. Despite the author''s prolific production in the field of mythology, history, and science of religions, this book seems to us to be the most important among his writings due to its extreme scientificity, accuracy, objectivity, scarcity of its subject, and fascinating style.

Human history is divided into two basic stages: the prehistoric stage, which covers 98% of human history, and the historical era stage, which occupies 2% of human history. There is no doubt that this vast gap between the sizes of the two stages in time is the main motive that makes us look forward with curiosity to this very long history of prehistoric times, for which information is scarce, and which seems like a long night in which man was immersed, struggling with the challenges of disappearance and extinction, compared to the short but crowded historical eras with events. And many civilizations to this day.

A comprehensive view of Indian civilization from its beginning until its present era. It is the oldest continuous civilization throughout all stages of history. It has preserved all the transformations that human civilizations have gone through, and was able to transmit its oral traditions by writing them down since the middle of the first millennium BC, in addition to its effects that extend to the end of pre-dawn eras. the date. All this heavy cultural heritage, with all its religious, social, political, economic, literary, artistic, scientific, material, technical, psychological, and moral diversities, is presented in this book in detail, with clear vocabulary, for each aspect of its civilization. The book presents, for the first time, in the Arabic language, this huge amount of new, qualitative information and analyzes of one of the most ancient civilizations built by man, whose pulse is still heard and is able to offer humanity new ways of civilization and balance between what is material and spiritual. The Indian civilization flourished in ancient history and its initial codification began at the end of ancient and extensive history in medieval history. It received waves of change in modern history and contributed to contemporary civilization strongly after refining its methods. It is civilization that is malleable and absorbs all changes and challenges at the same time. Despite the age and height of its tree, its green buds always appear on its trunk and branches and give us a lot.

Cham mythology is a detailed and in-depth scientific study of Canaanite, Ugaritic, Phoenician, and Punic mythology, which the author believes constitute the mythology of Cham. It establishes, for the first time, a comprehensive and sequential tree of gods across seven generations and classes, counts its symbols, explains and analyzes them in detail along with its myths, and even identifies the archetypes of the Levantine depths, which have become entrenched, through the gods and their myths and through their symbols, in the collective unconscious of the people of the Levant throughout the ages and up to the present day. The book deals with Canaanite and Ugaritic myths, first, as the first roots of the myths of Cham in the Bronze Age. Then he deals with Phoenician mythology with attraction and repulsion with its Canaanite roots in order to interrogate its uniqueness, in terms of the rare peculiarity of Lebanon, Tire, Sidon and the rest of its cities, the dominance of the name of the Phoenicians from the beginning of the Iron Age until the end of the Hellenistic Age, and its role in the emergence of Greek and Roman mythology. Then it deals with the Punic myths and gods as a new diversity in a new North African and Mediterranean environment, and then establishes the connection between all the Canaanite roots, the Phoenician and Punic intermediaries, and their Christian ends. It goes on to reveal cultural, esoteric, and methodological mythologies, which are new variations on the traditional approach to mythology, which included geographical, historical, cultural, economic, scientific, linguistic, and other mythologies, then the mythology of the Messarian, Hermetic, and Gnostic mysteries, the myths of the eternal return and its symbols, the myths of place and time among the Levantine people, and the myths of waiting, salvation, vision, and secrets. This book constitutes almost the largest encyclopedia of Canaanite mythology, with all its aspects and precise scientific analysis. It explores its furthest depths and stories to place them in one precious necklace on the neck of the ancient Near East. There are countless details that place us in the heart of the entire ancient world through the diverse Levantine mythology in its historical gradations and its wondrous, diverse, interacting and anxious chemistry, and the mythologies of ancient peoples surrounding it that abound in the Mediterranean world, which constitutes the heart of the spiritual and mythical world.

(The eternal oud) is still mysterious to many, in general and in particular, even though it is practiced by everyone every day, and despite the fact that it constitutes the essence of religious behavior, and perhaps its ambiguity stems, in particular, from the way it is presented, which is tinged with a lot of ambiguity and ambiguity. The eternal return is no longer an ancient behavior, idea, or myth. Rather, it has become a comprehensive religious system that includes the main components of any known religion. It has its own beliefs, myths, and rituals. This book explains the eternal return accurately, analyzes its intellectual and philosophical beliefs, and reveals the myths that paved the way, established it, and formed its symbols and models. And about the rituals that most people still practice as a kind of eternal return behavior, as we see that the eternal return clearly exists today in our behavior and our lives, and we must reveal the beautiful awareness of it and the wretched awareness of it, as these two awarenesses are what make it either a material for creativity or a material for oppression and tyranny. On the other hand, This system of "eternal return" became a home for fundamentalist sects, which tended towards Salafism and the past, when they became religiously ideological and became a coercive and tyrannical system practiced by fundamentalists in religion and politics in particular, and it became a negative system. As for literature and art, great creators have invested in it in their works as a deep and significant myth, and in science its echoes have appeared with theories of the mirror universe and holism scholars and in interpretations of the Big Bang theory. The books that have discussed the eternal return are very few and most of them emphasize one aspect of it, but this book attempts to examine the system. The entire eternal return, including beliefs, myths, and rituals, is even investigated in poetry, novels, photography, cosmology, and physics in particular. The book attempts to answer the following question: Is eternal return a beautiful and misleading idea? Or is it a religious idea mixed with philosophy and science?