Luis Barreira - Böcker

Designed to work as a reference and as a supplement to an advanced course on dynamical systems, this book presents a self-contained and comprehensive account of modern smooth ergodic theory. Among other things, this provides a rigorous mathematical foundation for the phenomenon known as deterministic chaos - the appearance of 'chaotic' motions in pure deterministic dynamical systems. A sufficiently complete description of topological and ergodic properties of systems exhibiting deterministic chaos can be deduced from relatively weak requirements on their local behavior known as nonuniform hyperbolicity conditions. Nonuniform hyperbolicity theory is an important part of the general theory of dynamical systems. Its core is the study of dynamical systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents both conservative and dissipative, in addition to cocycles and group actions. The results of this theory are widely used in geometry (e.g., geodesic flows and Teichmüller flows), in rigidity theory, in the study of some partial differential equations (e.g., the Schrödinger equation), in the theory of billiards, as well as in applications to physics, biology, engineering, and other fields.

This rigorous yet accessible introduction to complex analysis and differential equations covers complex numbers, holomorphic functions, analytic functions, ordinary differential equations, Fourier series and applications to partial differential equations.

The theory of dynamical systems is a broad and active research subject with connections to most parts of mathematics. Dynamical Systems: An Introduction undertakes the difficult task to provide a self-contained and compact introduction. Topics covered include topological, low-dimensional, hyperbolic and symbolic dynamics, as well as a brief introduction to ergodic theory. In particular, the authors consider topological recurrence, topological entropy, homeomorphisms and diffeomorphisms of the circle, Sharkovski's ordering, the Poincaré-Bendixson theory, and the construction of stable manifolds, as well as an introduction to geodesic flows and the study of hyperbolicity (the latter is often absent in a first introduction). Moreover, the authors introduce the basics of symbolic dynamics, the construction of symbolic codings, invariant measures, Poincaré's recurrence theorem and Birkhoff's ergodic theorem. The exposition is mathematically rigorous, concise and direct: all statements (except for some results from other areas) are proven. At the same time, the text illustrates the theory with many examples and 140 exercises of variable levels of difficulty. The only prerequisites are a background in linear algebra, analysis and elementary topology.This is a textbook primarily designed for a one-semester or two-semesters course at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate levels. It can also be used for self-study and as a starting point for more advanced topics.

This book is the first comprehensive introduction to smooth ergodic theory. It consists of two parts: the first introduces the core of the theory and the second discusses more advanced topics. In particular, the book describes the general theory of Lyapunov exponents and its applications to the stability theory of differential equations, the concept of nonuniform hyperbolicity, stable manifold theory (with emphasis on absolute continuity of invariant foliations), and the ergodic theory of dynamical systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents. A detailed description of all the basic examples of conservative systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents, including the geodesic flows on compact surfaces of nonpositive curvature, is also presented. There are more than 80 exercises. The book is aimed at graduate students specializing in dynamical systems and ergodic theory as well as anyone who wishes to get a working knowledge of smooth ergodic theory and to learn how to use its tools. It can also be used as a source for special topics courses on nonuniform hyperbolicity. The only prerequisite for using this book is a basic knowledge of real analysis, measure theory, differential equations, and topology, although the necessary background definitions and results are provided.In this second edition, the authors improved the exposition and added more exercises to make the book even more student-oriented. They also added new material to bring the book more in line with the current research in dynamical systems.

This book is the first comprehensive introduction to smooth ergodic theory. It consists of two parts: the first introduces the core of the theory and the second discusses more advanced topics. In particular, the book describes the general theory of Lyapunov exponents and its applications to the stability theory of differential equations, the concept of nonuniform hyperbolicity, stable manifold theory (with emphasis on absolute continuity of invariant foliations), and the ergodic theory of dynamical systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents. A detailed description of all the basic examples of conservative systems with nonzero Lyapunov exponents, including the geodesic flows on compact surfaces of nonpositive curvature, is also presented. There are more than 80 exercises. The book is aimed at graduate students specializing in dynamical systems and ergodic theory as well as anyone who wishes to get a working knowledge of smooth ergodic theory and to learn how to use its tools. It can also be used as a source for special topics courses on nonuniform hyperbolicity. The only prerequisite for using this book is a basic knowledge of real analysis, measure theory, differential equations, and topology, although the necessary background definitions and results are provided.In this second edition, the authors improved the exposition and added more exercises to make the book even more student-oriented. They also added new material to bring the book more in line with the current research in dynamical systems.

This book comprises an impressive collection of problems that cover a variety of carefully selected topics on the core of the theory of dynamical systems. Anyone who works through the theory and problems in Part I will have acquired the background and techniques needed to do advanced studies in this area.

This book presents the reader with a streamlined exposition of the notions and results leading to the construction of normal forms and, ultimately, to the construction of smooth conjugacies for the perturbations of tempered exponential dichotomies. These are exponential dichotomies for which the exponential growth rates of the underlying linear dynamics never vanish. In other words, its Lyapunov exponents are all nonzero. The authors consider mostly difference equations, although they also briefly consider the case of differential equations. The content is self-contained and all proofs have been simplified or even rewritten on purpose for the book so that all is as streamlined as possible. Moreover, all chapters are supplemented by detailed notes discussing the origins of the notions and results as well as their proofs, together with the discussion of the proper context, also with references to precursor results and further developments. A  useful chapter dependence chart is included in the Preface. The book is aimed at researchers and graduate students who wish to have a sufficiently broad view of the area, without the discussion of accessory material. It can also be used as a basis for graduate courses on spectra, normal forms, and smooth conjugacies.The main components of the exposition are tempered spectra, normal forms, and smooth conjugacies. The first two lie at the core of the theory and have an importance that undoubtedly surpasses the construction of conjugacies. Indeed, the theory is very rich and developed in various directions that are also of interest by themselves. This includes the study of dynamics with discrete and continuous time, of dynamics in finite and infinite-dimensional spaces, as well as of dynamics depending on a parameter. This led the authors to make an exposition not only of tempered spectra and subsequently of normal forms, but also briefly of some important developments in those other directions. Afterwards the discussion continues with the construction of stable and unstable invariant manifolds and, consequently, of smooth conjugacies, while using most of the former material.The notion of tempered spectrum is naturally adapted to the study of nonautonomous dynamics. The reason for this is that any autonomous linear dynamics with a tempered exponential dichotomy has automatically a uniform exponential dichotomy. Most notably, the spectra defined in terms of tempered exponential dichotomies and uniform exponential dichotomies are distinct in general. More precisely, the tempered spectrum may be smaller, which causes that it may lead to less resonances and thus to simpler normal forms. Another important aspect is the need for Lyapunov norms in the study of exponentially decaying perturbations and in the study of parameter-dependent dynamics. Other characteristics are the need for a spectral gap to obtain the regularity of the normal forms on a parameter and the need for a careful control ofthe small exponential terms in the construction of invariant manifolds and of smooth conjugacies.

This self-contained monograph presents a unified exposition of the thermodynamic formalism and some of its main extensions, with emphasis on the relation to dimension theory and multifractal analysis of dynamical systems. In particular, the book considers three different flavors of the thermodynamic formalism, namely nonadditive, subadditive, and almost additive, and provides a detailed discussion of some of the most significant results in the area, some of them quite recent. It also includes a discussion of the most substantial applications of these flavors of the thermodynamic formalism to dimension theory and multifractal analysis of dynamical systems.

This self-contained monograph presents a unified exposition of the thermodynamic formalism and some of its main extensions, with emphasis on the relation to dimension theory and multifractal analysis of dynamical systems. In particular, the book considers three different flavors of the thermodynamic formalism, namely nonadditive, subadditive, and almost additive, and provides a detailed discussion of some of the most significant results in the area, some of them quite recent. It also includes a discussion of the most substantial applications of these flavors of the thermodynamic formalism to dimension theory and multifractal analysis of dynamical systems.

The dimension theory of dynamical systems has progressively developed, especially over the last two decades, into an independent and extremely active field of research. Its main aim is to study the complexity of sets and measures that are invariant under the dynamics. In particular, it is essential to characterizing chaotic strange attractors. To date, some parts of the theory have either only been outlined, because they can be reduced to the case of maps, or are too technical for a wider audience. In this respect, the present monograph is intended to provide a comprehensive guide. Moreover, the text is self-contained and with the exception of some basic results in Chapters 3 and 4, all the results in the book include detailed proofs. The book is intended for researchers and graduate students specializing in dynamical systems who wish to have a sufficiently comprehensive view of the theory together with a working knowledge of its main techniques. The discussion of some open problems is also included in the hope that it may lead to further developments. Ideally, readers should have some familiarity with the basic notions and results of ergodic theory and hyperbolic dynamics at the level of an introductory course in the area, though the initial chapters also review all the necessary material.

The dimension theory of dynamical systems has progressively developed, especially over the last two decades, into an independent and extremely active field of research. Its main aim is to study the complexity of sets and measures that are invariant under the dynamics. In particular, it is essential to characterizing chaotic strange attractors. To date, some parts of the theory have either only been outlined, because they can be reduced to the case of maps, or are too technical for a wider audience. In this respect, the present monograph is intended to provide a comprehensive guide. Moreover, the text is self-contained and with the exception of some basic results in Chapters 3 and 4, all the results in the book include detailed proofs. The book is intended for researchers and graduate students specializing in dynamical systems who wish to have a sufficiently comprehensive view of the theory together with a working knowledge of its main techniques. The discussion of some open problems is also included in the hope that it may lead to further developments. Ideally, readers should have some familiarity with the basic notions and results of ergodic theory and hyperbolic dynamics at the level of an introductory course in the area, though the initial chapters also review all the necessary material.

This book offers a self-contained introduction to the theory of Lyapunov exponents and its applications, mainly in connection with hyperbolicity, ergodic theory and multifractal analysis. With the exception of a few basic results from ergodic theory and the thermodynamic formalism, all the results presented include detailed proofs.

This book offers a self-contained introduction to the theory of Lyapunov exponents and its applications, mainly in connection with hyperbolicity, ergodic theory and multifractal analysis. With the exception of a few basic results from ergodic theory and the thermodynamic formalism, all the results presented include detailed proofs.

Applications of the theory to the robustness of an exponential dichotomy, the characterization of hyperbolic sets in terms of admissibility, the relation between shadowing and structural stability, and the characterization of hyperbolicity in terms of Lyapunov sequences are given in the final part.

The main theme of this book is the stability of nonautonomous di?erential equations, with emphasis on the study of the existence and smoothness of invariant manifolds, and the Lyapunov stability of solutions. We always c- sider a nonuniform exponential behavior of the linear variational equations, given by the existence of a nonuniform exponential contraction or a nonu- form exponential dichotomy. Thus, the results hold for a much larger class of systems than in the “classical” theory of exponential dichotomies. Thedeparturepointofthebookisourjointworkontheconstructionof- variant manifolds for nonuniformly hyperbolic trajectories of nonautonomous di?erential equations in Banach spaces. We then consider several related - velopments,concerningtheexistenceandregularityoftopologicalconjugacies, the construction of center manifolds, the study of reversible and equivariant equations, and so on. The presentation is self-contained and intends to c- vey the full extent of our approach as well as its uni?ed character. The book contributes towards a rigorous mathematical foundation for the theory in the in?nite-dimensional setting, also with the hope that it may lead to further developments in the ?eld. The exposition is directed to researchers as well as graduate students interested in di?erential equations and dynamical systems, particularly in stability theory.

The volume is primarily intended for graduate students interested in dynamical systems, as well as researchers in other areas who wish to learn about ergodic theory, thermodynamic formalism, or dimension theory of hyperbolic dynamics at an intermediate level in a sufficiently detailed manner.

The main objective of this book is to give a broad uni?ed introduction to the study of dimension and recurrence inhyperbolic dynamics. It includes a disc- sion of the foundations, main results, and main techniques in the rich interplay of fourmain areas of research: hyperbolic dynamics, dimension theory, multifractal analysis, and quantitative recurrence. It also gives a panorama of several selected topics of current research interest. This includes topics on irregular sets, var- tional principles, applications to number theory, measures of maximal dimension, multifractal rigidity, and quantitative recurrence. The book isdirected to researchersas well as graduate students whowish to have a global view of the theory together with a working knowledgeof its main techniques. It can also be used as a basis for graduatecourses in dimension theory of dynamical systems, multifractal analysis (together with a discussion of several special topics), and pointwise dimension and recurrence in hyperbolic dynamics. I hope that the book may serve as a fast entry point to this exciting and active ?eld of research, and also that it may lead to further developments.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the study of hyperbolicity in both linear and nonlinear delay equations. This includes a self-contained discussion of the foundations, main results and essential techniques, with emphasis on important parts of the theory that apply to a large class of delay equations. The central theme is always hyperbolicity and only topics that are directly related to it are included. Among these are robustness, admissibility, invariant manifolds, and spectra, which play important roles in life sciences, engineering and control theory, especially in delayed feedback mechanisms.The book is dedicated to researchers as well as graduate students specializing in differential equations and dynamical systems who wish to have an extensive and in-depth view of the hyperbolicity theory of delay equations. It can also be used as a basis for graduate courses on the stability and hyperbolicity of delay equations.

This is a book of exercises in Linear Algebra. Through a systematic detailed discussion of 200 solved exercises, important concepts and topics are reviewed. The student is led to make a systematic review of topics from the basics to more advanced material, with emphasis on points that often cause the greatest difficulties. The solved exercises are followed by an additional 200 proposed exercises (with answers), thus guiding the student to a systematic consolidation of all topics.The contents follow closely the majority of the introductory courses of Linear Algebra. We consider in particular systems of linear equations, matrices, determinants, vector spaces, linear transformations, inner products, norms, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The variety of exercises allows the adjustment to different levels in each topic.