This sixth volume in the book series Progress in HPLC-HPCE examines the enhancement of high- performance liquid chromatography through the development of an advanced mode of electrochemical detection (ECD) --- the coulometric array detection --- from its initial, yet problematic, amperometric (thin-layer) design to the highly sensitive, selective and stable coulometric (flow-through) design. Unlike amperometric electrodes, the coulometric electrode is 100% efficient and measures signals from all of the analyte passing through it, which leads to improved sensitivity as well as unique selectivity. The coulometric electrode array offers the resolution of the photodiode array with the extreme sensitivity of an electrochemical detector.

This book summarizes recent advances in understanding the mechanism underlying the selective cell death of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease. MPTP, endogenous neurotoxins, L-DOPA, and metal were proved to induce apoptosis and necrosis in neurons. The relationship of these causal factors to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease was discussed to give us overviews on the role of neurotoxins in this degenerative disorder. This title further presents the intracellular signal transduction, and the related enzymes and other factors involved in dopaminergic neuronal death. Recent results on intracellular mechanism of neuroprotection are presented, suggesting that neuroprotection as a causal therapy of neurodegenerative disorders may become practical in near future. This book shows new neuroprotective agents, such as propargylamine derivatives and neurotrophins, and the intracellular mechanism to prevent the activation of apoptotic cascade in neurons. The authors of this book are active researchers participating in these subjects and the readers will find the knowledge and techniques for the study on neurotoxicity and neuroprotection, and the strategy for future research on these important subjects in clinical and basic neurology and neurosciences.

The book is dedicated to Professor Toshiharu Nagatsu, a pioneer in the search for pathogenic factors in Parkinson's disease. The book is reprinted from the journal 'Neurotoxicology and Teratology', Volume 24/5.

Lessons in Sustainable Development from Japan and South Korea provides a concise overview of sustainable development in Japan and South Korea. Hsu, Naoi, and Zhang focus on environment, energy, health, technology, biodiversity, production, governance, well-being, livelihood, regulation, property rights, and minerals as indicators of sustainable development. Japan has greatly improved its environment since the industrialization process ended in the 1970s. The nation also has excellent health care and transportation systems. However, Japan continues to struggle with gender inequality and traffic congestion. Poverty and inequality have remained challenges since the 1990s. Similarly, South Korea is continuing to improve its environment, as well as its health care system, but struggles with gender inequality, poverty, and inequality. The countries can benefit from better social policies, as well as from a partnership in improving energy self-sufficiency, including enhancement of renewable energy technologies.

Lessons in Sustainable Development from Japan and South Korea provides a concise overview of sustainable development in Japan and South Korea. Hsu, Naoi, and Zhang focus on environment, energy, health, technology, biodiversity, production, governance, well-being, livelihood, regulation, property rights, and minerals as indicators of sustainable development. Japan has greatly improved its environment since the industrialization process ended in the 1970s. The nation also has excellent health care and transportation systems. However, Japan continues to struggle with gender inequality and traffic congestion. Poverty and inequality have remained challenges since the 1990s. Similarly, South Korea is continuing to improve its environment, as well as its health care system, but struggles with gender inequality, poverty, and inequality. The countries can benefit from better social policies, as well as from a partnership in improving energy self-sufficiency, including enhancement of renewable energy technologies.

This sixth volume in the book series Progress in HPLC-HPCE examines the enhancement of high- performance liquid chromatography through the development of an advanced mode of electrochemical detection (ECD) --- the coulometric array detection --- from its initial, yet problematic, amperometric (thin-layer) design to the highly sensitive, selective and stable coulometric (flow-through) design. Unlike amperometric electrodes, the coulometric electrode is 100% efficient and measures signals from all of the analyte passing through it, which leads to improved sensitivity as well as unique selectivity. The coulometric electrode array offers the resolution of the photodiode array with the extreme sensitivity of an electrochemical detector.

This two-part book provides the most advanced biochemical and histochemical analytical methods on neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and neuropeptides described by international specialists. The biochemical methods include liquid chromatography/electrochemistry, liquid chromatography/fluorescence and chemiluminescence detection, gas chromatography or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and immunoassays.Morphological and physiological methods are also described, including immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, in vivo microdialysis, electrophysiological analysis, microwave irradiation, electrophysiological analysis, micro-anatomical dissection, peptide sequence analysis, quantitative autoradiographic analysis, and isolated CNS preparations. The neurotransmitters and neuropeptides include catecholamines, indoleamines, histamine, polyamines, and various neuropeptides, and their related enzymes. The book is the most comprehensive, advanced and versatile volume on the biochemical, morphological and physiological analysis of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.

This sixth volume in the book series Progress in HPLC-HPCE examines the enhancement of high- performance liquid chromatography through the development of an advanced mode of electrochemical detection (ECD) --- the coulometric array detection --- from its initial, yet problematic, amperometric (thin-layer) design to the highly sensitive, selective and stable coulometric (flow-through) design. Unlike amperometric electrodes, the coulometric electrode is 100% efficient and measures signals from all of the analyte passing through it, which leads to improved sensitivity as well as unique selectivity. The coulometric electrode array offers the resolution of the photodiode array with the extreme sensitivity of an electrochemical detector.

This book summarizes recent advances in understanding the mechanism underlying the selective cell death of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease. MPTP, endogenous neurotoxins, L-DOPA, and metal were proved to induce apoptosis and necrosis in neurons. The relationship of these causal factors to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease was discussed to give us overviews on the role of neurotoxins in this degenerative disorder. This title further presents the intracellular signal transduction, and the related enzymes and other factors involved in dopaminergic neuronal death. Recent results on intracellular mechanism of neuroprotection are presented, suggesting that neuroprotection as a causal therapy of neurodegenerative disorders may become practical in near future. This book shows new neuroprotective agents, such as propargylamine derivatives and neurotrophins, and the intracellular mechanism to prevent the activation of apoptotic cascade in neurons. The authors of this book are active researchers participating in these subjects and the readers will find the knowledge and techniques for the study on neurotoxicity and neuroprotection, and the strategy for future research on these important subjects in clinical and basic neurology and neurosciences.

The book is dedicated to Professor Toshiharu Nagatsu, a pioneer in the search for pathogenic factors in Parkinson's disease. The book is reprinted from the journal 'Neurotoxicology and Teratology', Volume 24/5.

Lessons in Sustainable Development from Japan and South Korea provides a concise overview of sustainable development in Japan and South Korea. Hsu, Naoi, and Zhang focus on environment, energy, health, technology, biodiversity, production, governance, well-being, livelihood, regulation, property rights, and minerals as indicators of sustainable development. Japan has greatly improved its environment since the industrialization process ended in the 1970s. The nation also has excellent health care and transportation systems. However, Japan continues to struggle with gender inequality and traffic congestion. Poverty and inequality have remained challenges since the 1990s. Similarly, South Korea is continuing to improve its environment, as well as its health care system, but struggles with gender inequality, poverty, and inequality. The countries can benefit from better social policies, as well as from a partnership in improving energy self-sufficiency, including enhancement of renewable energy technologies.

Lessons in Sustainable Development from Japan and South Korea provides a concise overview of sustainable development in Japan and South Korea. Hsu, Naoi, and Zhang focus on environment, energy, health, technology, biodiversity, production, governance, well-being, livelihood, regulation, property rights, and minerals as indicators of sustainable development. Japan has greatly improved its environment since the industrialization process ended in the 1970s. The nation also has excellent health care and transportation systems. However, Japan continues to struggle with gender inequality and traffic congestion. Poverty and inequality have remained challenges since the 1990s. Similarly, South Korea is continuing to improve its environment, as well as its health care system, but struggles with gender inequality, poverty, and inequality. The countries can benefit from better social policies, as well as from a partnership in improving energy self-sufficiency, including enhancement of renewable energy technologies.

This sixth volume in the book series Progress in HPLC-HPCE examines the enhancement of high- performance liquid chromatography through the development of an advanced mode of electrochemical detection (ECD) --- the coulometric array detection --- from its initial, yet problematic, amperometric (thin-layer) design to the highly sensitive, selective and stable coulometric (flow-through) design. Unlike amperometric electrodes, the coulometric electrode is 100% efficient and measures signals from all of the analyte passing through it, which leads to improved sensitivity as well as unique selectivity. The coulometric electrode array offers the resolution of the photodiode array with the extreme sensitivity of an electrochemical detector.

This two-part book provides the most advanced biochemical and histochemical analytical methods on neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and neuropeptides described by international specialists. The biochemical methods include liquid chromatography/electrochemistry, liquid chromatography/fluorescence and chemiluminescence detection, gas chromatography or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and immunoassays.Morphological and physiological methods are also described, including immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, in vivo microdialysis, electrophysiological analysis, microwave irradiation, electrophysiological analysis, micro-anatomical dissection, peptide sequence analysis, quantitative autoradiographic analysis, and isolated CNS preparations. The neurotransmitters and neuropeptides include catecholamines, indoleamines, histamine, polyamines, and various neuropeptides, and their related enzymes. The book is the most comprehensive, advanced and versatile volume on the biochemical, morphological and physiological analysis of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.