This comprehensive handbook provides a simplified, practical and innovative approach to understanding the design and manufacture of plastic products. Plastics behaviour is presented to enhance the capability of fabricating products that meet performance standards, low cost requirements and profitability targets. To maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency, it is important to know the behaviour of plastics. Therefore, the behaviours of different plastic products are reviewed. Examples include toys, medical devices, cars, boats, underwater devices, containers, springs, pipes, buildings and aircraft. Also covered are behaviours associated with different plastic materials (thermoplastics, elastomers, reinforced plastics) and the many fabricating processes (extrusion, injection moulding, blow moulding, forming, foaming, reaction injection moulding, rotational moulding). This material is presented so that both technical and non-technical readers can understand the inter-relationships of materials-to-processes.The authors examine different plastic products and their related critical factors, from meeting performance requirements in different environments, to reducing costs, and targeting for zero defects. Examples used include small to large, and simple to complex shapes. Information is included on static properties (tensile, flexural), dynamic properties (creep, fatigue, impact,) physical and chemical properties. Over 20,000 subjects are reviewed with 1060 figures and 415 tables.

This book provides a simplified and practical approach to designing with plastics that funda­ mentally relates to the load, temperature, time, and environment subjected to a product. It will provide the basic behaviors in what to consider when designing plastic products to meet performance and cost requirements. Important aspects are presented such as understanding the advantages of different shapes and how they influence designs. Information is concise, comprehensive, and practical. Review includes designing with plastics based on material and process behaviors. As de­ signing with any materials (plastic, steel, aluminum, wood, etc.) it is important to know their behaviors in order to maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency. Examples of many different designed products are reviewed. They range from toys to medical devices to cars to boats to underwater devices to containers to springs to pipes to buildings to aircraft to space­ craft. The reader's product to be designed can directly or indirectly be related to product design reviews in the book. Important are behaviors associated and interrelated with plastic materials (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, reinforced plastics, etc.) and fabricating processes (extrusion, injec­ tion molding, blow molding, forming, foaming, rotational molding, etc.). They are presented so that the technical or non-technical reader can readily understand the interrelationships.

This encyclopedia contains over 25,000 extensively cross-referenced terms about plastics. Other key features include: a 14-chapter world of plastics review; a list of 3,500 useful abbreviations; and conversions (alphabetical list of units, temperature conversions, SI prefixes, units in use with SI, and recommended pronunciation).

This book provides a simplified and practical approach to designing with plastics that funda­ mentally relates to the load, temperature, time, and environment subjected to a product. It will provide the basic behaviors in what to consider when designing plastic products to meet performance and cost requirements. Important aspects are presented such as understanding the advantages of different shapes and how they influence designs. Information is concise, comprehensive, and practical. Review includes designing with plastics based on material and process behaviors. As de­ signing with any materials (plastic, steel, aluminum, wood, etc.) it is important to know their behaviors in order to maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency. Examples of many different designed products are reviewed. They range from toys to medical devices to cars to boats to underwater devices to containers to springs to pipes to buildings to aircraft to space­ craft. The reader's product to be designed can directly or indirectly be related to product design reviews in the book. Important are behaviors associated and interrelated with plastic materials (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, reinforced plastics, etc.) and fabricating processes (extrusion, injec­ tion molding, blow molding, forming, foaming, rotational molding, etc.). They are presented so that the technical or non-technical reader can readily understand the interrelationships.

This book provides a simplified, practical, and innovative approach to understanding the design and manufacture of plastic products in the World of Plastics. The concise and comprehensive information defines and focuses on past, current, and future technical trends. The handbook reviews over 20,000 different subjects; and contains over 1,000 figures and more than 400 tables. Various plastic materials and their behavior patterns are reviewed. Examples are provided of different plastic products and relating to them critical factors that range from meeting performance requirements in different environments to reducing costs and targeting for zero defects. This book provides the reader with useful pertinent information readily available as summarized in the Table of Contents, List of References and the Index.

After over a century of worldwide production of all kinds trol persons, cost estimators, buyers, vendors, consultants, of products, the plastics industry is now the fourth largest and others. industry in the United States. This brief, concise, and prac­ The bulk of the book is the alphabetical listing of en­ tical book is a cutting edge compendium of the plastics tries. Preceding those entries is A Plastics Overview: Fig­ industry's information and terminology-ranging from ures and Tables (which presents eight summary guides on design, materials, and processes, to testing, quality control, the subjects examined in the text) and then the World of regulations, legal matters, and profitability. New and use­ Plastics Reviews (which presents 14 articles that provide ful developments in plastic materials and processing con­ general introductory information, comprehensive updates, tinually are on the horizon, and the examples of these de­ and important networking avenues within the world of velopments that are discussed in the book provide guides plastics). Following the alphabetical listing of entries, at the to past and future trends. end of the encyclopedia, seven appendices provide back­ This practical and comprehensive book reviews the ground and source guide information keyed to the text of the book. The extensive and useful Appendix A, List of plastics industry virtually from A to Z through its more than 25,000 entries. Its concise entries cover the basic is­ Abbreviations, lists all abbreviations used in the text.

This third edition has been written to thoroughly update the coverage of injection molding in the World of Plastics. There have been changes, including extensive additions, to over 50% of the content of the second edition. Many examples are provided of processing different plastics and relating the results to critiCal factors, which range from product design to meeting performance requirements to reducing costs to zero-defect targets. Changes have not been made that concern what is basic to injection molding. However, more basic information has been added concerning present and future developments, resulting in the book being more useful for a long time to come. Detailed explanations and interpretation of individual subjects (more than 1500) are provided, using a total of 914 figures and 209 tables. Throughout the book there is extensive information on problems and solutions as well as extensive cross­ referencing on its many different subjects. This book represents the ENCYCLOPEDIA on IM, as is evident from its extensive and detailed text that follows from its lengthy Table of CONTENTS and INDEX with over 5200 entries. The worldwide industry encompasses many hundreds of useful plastic-related computer programs. This book lists these programs (ranging from operational training to product design to molding to marketing) and explains them briefly, but no program or series of programs can provide the details obtained and the extent of information contained in this single sourcebook.

This book provides a simplified and practical approach to designing with plastics that funda­ mentally relates to the load, temperature, time, and environment subjected to a product. It will provide the basic behaviors in what to consider when designing plastic products to meet performance and cost requirements. Important aspects are presented such as understanding the advantages of different shapes and how they influence designs. Information is concise, comprehensive, and practical. Review includes designing with plastics based on material and process behaviors. As de­ signing with any materials (plastic, steel, aluminum, wood, etc.) it is important to know their behaviors in order to maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency. Examples of many different designed products are reviewed. They range from toys to medical devices to cars to boats to underwater devices to containers to springs to pipes to buildings to aircraft to space­ craft. The reader''s product to be designed can directly or indirectly be related to product design reviews in the book. Important are behaviors associated and interrelated with plastic materials (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, reinforced plastics, etc.) and fabricating processes (extrusion, injec­ tion molding, blow molding, forming, foaming, rotational molding, etc.). They are presented so that the technical or non-technical reader can readily understand the interrelationships.

After over a century of worldwide production of all kinds trol persons, cost estimators, buyers, vendors, consultants, of products, the plastics industry is now the fourth largest and others. industry in the United States. This brief, concise, and prac­ The bulk of the book is the alphabetical listing of en­ tical book is a cutting edge compendium of the plastics tries. Preceding those entries is A Plastics Overview: Fig­ industry''s information and terminology-ranging from ures and Tables (which presents eight summary guides on design, materials, and processes, to testing, quality control, the subjects examined in the text) and then the World of regulations, legal matters, and profitability. New and use­ Plastics Reviews (which presents 14 articles that provide ful developments in plastic materials and processing con­ general introductory information, comprehensive updates, tinually are on the horizon, and the examples of these de­ and important networking avenues within the world of velopments that are discussed in the book provide guides plastics). Following the alphabetical listing of entries, at the to past and future trends. end of the encyclopedia, seven appendices provide back­ This practical and comprehensive book reviews the ground and source guide information keyed to the text of the book. The extensive and useful Appendix A, List of plastics industry virtually from A to Z through its more than 25,000 entries. Its concise entries cover the basic is­ Abbreviations, lists all abbreviations used in the text.

This comprehensive handbook provides a simplified, practical and innovative approach to understanding the design and manufacture of plastic products. Plastics behaviour is presented to enhance the capability of fabricating products that meet performance standards, low cost requirements and profitability targets. To maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency, it is important to know the behaviour of plastics. Therefore, the behaviours of different plastic products are reviewed. Examples include toys, medical devices, cars, boats, underwater devices, containers, springs, pipes, buildings and aircraft. Also covered are behaviours associated with different plastic materials (thermoplastics, elastomers, reinforced plastics) and the many fabricating processes (extrusion, injection moulding, blow moulding, forming, foaming, reaction injection moulding, rotational moulding). This material is presented so that both technical and non-technical readers can understand the inter-relationships of materials-to-processes.The authors examine different plastic products and their related critical factors, from meeting performance requirements in different environments, to reducing costs, and targeting for zero defects. Examples used include small to large, and simple to complex shapes. Information is included on static properties (tensile, flexural), dynamic properties (creep, fatigue, impact,) physical and chemical properties. Over 20,000 subjects are reviewed with 1060 figures and 415 tables.

This book provides a simplified and practical approach to designing with plastics that funda­ mentally relates to the load, temperature, time, and environment subjected to a product. It will provide the basic behaviors in what to consider when designing plastic products to meet performance and cost requirements. Important aspects are presented such as understanding the advantages of different shapes and how they influence designs. Information is concise, comprehensive, and practical. Review includes designing with plastics based on material and process behaviors. As de­ signing with any materials (plastic, steel, aluminum, wood, etc.) it is important to know their behaviors in order to maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency. Examples of many different designed products are reviewed. They range from toys to medical devices to cars to boats to underwater devices to containers to springs to pipes to buildings to aircraft to space­ craft. The reader's product to be designed can directly or indirectly be related to product design reviews in the book. Important are behaviors associated and interrelated with plastic materials (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, reinforced plastics, etc.) and fabricating processes (extrusion, injec­ tion molding, blow molding, forming, foaming, rotational molding, etc.). They are presented so that the technical or non-technical reader can readily understand the interrelationships.

This encyclopedia contains over 25,000 extensively cross-referenced terms about plastics. Other key features include: a 14-chapter world of plastics review; a list of 3,500 useful abbreviations; and conversions (alphabetical list of units, temperature conversions, SI prefixes, units in use with SI, and recommended pronunciation).

This book provides a simplified and practical approach to designing with plastics that funda­ mentally relates to the load, temperature, time, and environment subjected to a product. It will provide the basic behaviors in what to consider when designing plastic products to meet performance and cost requirements. Important aspects are presented such as understanding the advantages of different shapes and how they influence designs. Information is concise, comprehensive, and practical. Review includes designing with plastics based on material and process behaviors. As de­ signing with any materials (plastic, steel, aluminum, wood, etc.) it is important to know their behaviors in order to maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency. Examples of many different designed products are reviewed. They range from toys to medical devices to cars to boats to underwater devices to containers to springs to pipes to buildings to aircraft to space­ craft. The reader's product to be designed can directly or indirectly be related to product design reviews in the book. Important are behaviors associated and interrelated with plastic materials (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, reinforced plastics, etc.) and fabricating processes (extrusion, injec­ tion molding, blow molding, forming, foaming, rotational molding, etc.). They are presented so that the technical or non-technical reader can readily understand the interrelationships.

This book provides a simplified, practical, and innovative approach to understanding the design and manufacture of plastic products in the World of Plastics. The concise and comprehensive information defines and focuses on past, current, and future technical trends. The handbook reviews over 20,000 different subjects; and contains over 1,000 figures and more than 400 tables. Various plastic materials and their behavior patterns are reviewed. Examples are provided of different plastic products and relating to them critical factors that range from meeting performance requirements in different environments to reducing costs and targeting for zero defects. This book provides the reader with useful pertinent information readily available as summarized in the Table of Contents, List of References and the Index.

After over a century of worldwide production of all kinds trol persons, cost estimators, buyers, vendors, consultants, of products, the plastics industry is now the fourth largest and others. industry in the United States. This brief, concise, and prac­ The bulk of the book is the alphabetical listing of en­ tical book is a cutting edge compendium of the plastics tries. Preceding those entries is A Plastics Overview: Fig­ industry's information and terminology-ranging from ures and Tables (which presents eight summary guides on design, materials, and processes, to testing, quality control, the subjects examined in the text) and then the World of regulations, legal matters, and profitability. New and use­ Plastics Reviews (which presents 14 articles that provide ful developments in plastic materials and processing con­ general introductory information, comprehensive updates, tinually are on the horizon, and the examples of these de­ and important networking avenues within the world of velopments that are discussed in the book provide guides plastics). Following the alphabetical listing of entries, at the to past and future trends. end of the encyclopedia, seven appendices provide back­ This practical and comprehensive book reviews the ground and source guide information keyed to the text of the book. The extensive and useful Appendix A, List of plastics industry virtually from A to Z through its more than 25,000 entries. Its concise entries cover the basic is­ Abbreviations, lists all abbreviations used in the text.

This third edition has been written to thoroughly update the coverage of injection molding in the World of Plastics. There have been changes, including extensive additions, to over 50% of the content of the second edition. Many examples are provided of processing different plastics and relating the results to critiCal factors, which range from product design to meeting performance requirements to reducing costs to zero-defect targets. Changes have not been made that concern what is basic to injection molding. However, more basic information has been added concerning present and future developments, resulting in the book being more useful for a long time to come. Detailed explanations and interpretation of individual subjects (more than 1500) are provided, using a total of 914 figures and 209 tables. Throughout the book there is extensive information on problems and solutions as well as extensive cross­ referencing on its many different subjects. This book represents the ENCYCLOPEDIA on IM, as is evident from its extensive and detailed text that follows from its lengthy Table of CONTENTS and INDEX with over 5200 entries. The worldwide industry encompasses many hundreds of useful plastic-related computer programs. This book lists these programs (ranging from operational training to product design to molding to marketing) and explains them briefly, but no program or series of programs can provide the details obtained and the extent of information contained in this single sourcebook.

This book provides a simplified and practical approach to designing with plastics that funda­ mentally relates to the load, temperature, time, and environment subjected to a product. It will provide the basic behaviors in what to consider when designing plastic products to meet performance and cost requirements. Important aspects are presented such as understanding the advantages of different shapes and how they influence designs. Information is concise, comprehensive, and practical. Review includes designing with plastics based on material and process behaviors. As de­ signing with any materials (plastic, steel, aluminum, wood, etc.) it is important to know their behaviors in order to maximize product performance-to-cost efficiency. Examples of many different designed products are reviewed. They range from toys to medical devices to cars to boats to underwater devices to containers to springs to pipes to buildings to aircraft to space­ craft. The reader''s product to be designed can directly or indirectly be related to product design reviews in the book. Important are behaviors associated and interrelated with plastic materials (thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, reinforced plastics, etc.) and fabricating processes (extrusion, injec­ tion molding, blow molding, forming, foaming, rotational molding, etc.). They are presented so that the technical or non-technical reader can readily understand the interrelationships.

After over a century of worldwide production of all kinds trol persons, cost estimators, buyers, vendors, consultants, of products, the plastics industry is now the fourth largest and others. industry in the United States. This brief, concise, and prac­ The bulk of the book is the alphabetical listing of en­ tical book is a cutting edge compendium of the plastics tries. Preceding those entries is A Plastics Overview: Fig­ industry''s information and terminology-ranging from ures and Tables (which presents eight summary guides on design, materials, and processes, to testing, quality control, the subjects examined in the text) and then the World of regulations, legal matters, and profitability. New and use­ Plastics Reviews (which presents 14 articles that provide ful developments in plastic materials and processing con­ general introductory information, comprehensive updates, tinually are on the horizon, and the examples of these de­ and important networking avenues within the world of velopments that are discussed in the book provide guides plastics). Following the alphabetical listing of entries, at the to past and future trends. end of the encyclopedia, seven appendices provide back­ This practical and comprehensive book reviews the ground and source guide information keyed to the text of the book. The extensive and useful Appendix A, List of plastics industry virtually from A to Z through its more than 25,000 entries. Its concise entries cover the basic is­ Abbreviations, lists all abbreviations used in the text.