Martha Crenshaw – författare

An interdisciplinary investigation of the phenomenon of terrorism in its political, social, and economic context as it has occurred throughout the world from the nineteenth century to the present.Acts of violence committed by terrorists have become a staple of news reports in modern times, from hijackings to bombings, kidnappings to assassinations. How are we to understand both the causes and the consequences of these disturbing events? The key, this volume of original essays shows, lies in linking terrorism to the different contexts—historical, political, social, and economic—in which it occurs.The fourteen contributors to this volume—historians, political scientists, and sociologists—provide the expertise to explain the continuities and discontinuities in the development of this form of violent political action in a variety of contexts. They link terrorism to the pattern of relations between state and society and between government and oppositions. Their studies range from the early manifestations of terrorism in revolutionary Russia and the anarchist movements of Western Europe and the United States in the late nineteenth century up to the terrorism still ongoing in Latin America and the Middle East. A section on left-wing terrorism covers the activities of the Italian Red Brigades and German Red Army Faction in the 1960s and 1970s, the urban guerrilla warfare in Argentina in the 1970s, and the rise of Sendero Luminoso in Peru during the 1980s and 1990s. Another section deals with terrorism arising from conflicts in divided societies—by Basques in Spain, the IRA in Northern Ireland, and Sikhs in India. The last major section considers terrorism as it has been linked to the establishment of nation-states in Algeria, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and the effort of Iran to export its Islamic revolution throughout the Middle East.The Introduction sets the stage for the individual case studies by outlining an approach to analyzing terrorism in different historical contexts, and the Conclusion by French sociologist Michel Wieviorka highlights some of the common themes that emerge from the case studies and addresses their implications for further research.

This book examines the possibility of East-West cooperation against terrorism and assesses the prospects for American-Soviet agreement. It looks at the nature of terrorism and, in examining the background to the issue, questions some of the assumptions on which past American policy has been based.

This volume comprises some of the key essays by Professor Crenshaw, from 1972 to the present-day, on the causes, processes and consequences of terrorism. Since the early 1970s, scholars and practitioners have tried to explain terrorism and to assess the effectiveness of government responses to the threat. From its beginnings in a small handful of analytical studies, the research field has expanded to thousands of entries, with an enormous spike following the 9/11 attacks. The field of terrorism studies is now impressive in terms of quantity, scope, and variety. Professor Crenshaw had studied terrorism since the late 1960s, well before it was topical, and this selection of her work represents the development of her thought over time in four areas: defining terrorism and identifying its causes the different methods used to explain terrorism, including strategic, organisational and psychological approaches how campaigns of terrorism end how governments can effectively contribute to the ending of terrorism.This collection of essays by one of the pioneering thinkers in the field of terrorism studies will be essential reading for all students of political violence and terrorism, security studies and IR/politics in general.

This volume comprises some of the key essays by Professor Crenshaw, from 1972 to the present-day, on the causes, processes and consequences of terrorism. Since the early 1970s, scholars and practitioners have tried to explain terrorism and to assess the effectiveness of government responses to the threat. From its beginnings in a small handful of analytical studies, the research field has expanded to thousands of entries, with an enormous spike following the 9/11 attacks. The field of terrorism studies is now impressive in terms of quantity, scope, and variety. Professor Crenshaw had studied terrorism since the late 1960s, well before it was topical, and this selection of her work represents the development of her thought over time in four areas: defining terrorism and identifying its causes the different methods used to explain terrorism, including strategic, organisational and psychological approaches how campaigns of terrorism end how governments can effectively contribute to the ending of terrorism.This collection of essays by one of the pioneering thinkers in the field of terrorism studies will be essential reading for all students of political violence and terrorism, security studies and IR/politics in general.

Can We Construct a Grand Strategy to Counter Terrorism?Fifteen years after September 11, the United States still faces terror threats—both domestic and foreign. After years of wars, ever more intensive and pervasive surveillance, enhanced security measures at major transportation centers, and many attempts to explain who we are fighting and why and how to fight them, the threats continue to multiply. So, too, do our attempts to understand just what terrorism is and how to counter it.Two leaders in the field of terrorism studies, Martha Crenshaw and Gary LaFree, provide a critical look at how we have dealt with the terror threat over the years. They make clear why it is so difficult to create policy to counter terrorism. The foes are multiple and often amorphous, the study of the field dogged by disagreement on basic definitional and methodological issues, and the creation of policy hobbled by an exacting standard: the counterterrorist must succeed all the time; the terrorist only once. As Countering Terrorism shows, there are no simple solutions to this threat.

Can We Construct a Grand Strategy to Counter Terrorism?Fifteen years after September 11, the United States still faces terror threats—both domestic and foreign. After years of wars, ever more intensive and pervasive surveillance, enhanced security measures at major transportation centers, and many attempts to explain who we are fighting and why and how to fight them, the threats continue to multiply. So, too, do our attempts to understand just what terrorism is and how to counter it.Two leaders in the field of terrorism studies, Martha Crenshaw and Gary LaFree, provide a critical look at how we have dealt with the terror threat over the years. They make clear why it is so difficult to create policy to counter terrorism. The foes are multiple and often amorphous, the study of the field dogged by disagreement on basic definitional and methodological issues, and the creation of policy hobbled by an exacting standard: the counterterrorist must succeed all the time; the terrorist only once. As Countering Terrorism shows, there are no simple solutions to this threat.

This book examines the possibility of East-West cooperation against terrorism and assesses the prospects for American-Soviet agreement. It looks at the nature of terrorism and, in examining the background to the issue, questions some of the assumptions on which past American policy has been based.

This book examines the possibility of East-West cooperation against terrorism and assesses the prospects for American-Soviet agreement. It looks at the nature of terrorism and, in examining the background to the issue, questions some of the assumptions on which past American policy has been based.

This timely reference book places the growing 20th century phenomenon of terrorism in an historical context. Starting with the use of assassination in Ancient Greece and including the recent bombing of the American military complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, this encyclopedia covers the globe in its presentation of all aspects of terrorism: history, theories of, types of, and responses to, as well methods and techniques. There is a chronology of major terrorist events from 1945, an A to Z listing of terrorist groups and leaders, a select bibliography, and indexes (general, name, and geographical).

This timely reference book places the growing 20th century phenomenon of terrorism in an historical context. Starting with the use of assassination in Ancient Greece and including the recent bombing of the American military complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, this encyclopedia covers the globe in its presentation of all aspects of terrorism: history, theories of, types of, and responses to, as well methods and techniques. There is a chronology of major terrorist events from 1945, an A to Z listing of terrorist groups and leaders, a select bibliography, and indexes (general, name, and geographical).

This three-volume reference on terrorism in the 20th century places this growing phenomenon in the context of modern history. It provides students with both detailed information and the historical perspective tie terrorism to the high school and college curriculum. "Volume 1" defines terrorism, explores the historical perspective from the dawn of Western Civilisation through World War II, and discusses specific activities of modern terrorist groups. "Volume 2" focuses on the developing world, with emphasis on the Middle East (including the 1996 peace process). "Volume 3" explores terrorism and responses to terrorism in the developed world. This volume covers the United States, Europe, Israel, Britain, Central and South America and concludes with a chronology of major terrorist events since 1945, an A-Z listing of terrorist groups and leaders, and a select bibliography.

This three-volume reference on terrorism in the 20th century places this growing phenomenon in the context of modern history. It provides students with both detailed information and the historical perspective tie terrorism to the high school and college curriculum. "Volume 1" defines terrorism, explores the historical perspective from the dawn of Western Civilisation through World War II, and discusses specific activities of modern terrorist groups. "Volume 2" focuses on the developing world, with emphasis on the Middle East (including the 1996 peace process). "Volume 3" explores terrorism and responses to terrorism in the developed world. This volume covers the United States, Europe, Israel, Britain, Central and South America and concludes with a chronology of major terrorist events since 1945, an A-Z listing of terrorist groups and leaders, and a select bibliography.