Interfacing PIC Microcontrollers provides a thorough introduction to interfacing techniques for students, engineers and hobbyists looking to take their knowledge of PIC application development to the next level. Step-by-step examples are used to illustrate a comprehensive set of interfaces, and these can be run interactively on Proteus circuit simulation software, used widely in educational institutions, to aid understanding without the need to build real hardware. Each chapter ends with suggestions for further applications, and numerous line drawings illustrate the application hardware. A companion website includes all examples in the text which can be downloaded together with a free version of Proteus's ISIS Lite. Every topic is illustrated by designs based on the 16F877, so the reader can concentrate on interfacing, and not have to deal with different microcontrollers. All the circuits are available on the associated website www.picmicros.org.uk *Comprehensive coverage of a topic not widely explored in the wealth of PIC books on the market, concentrating on the popular PIC16F877 device *Circuit simulation software allows step-by-step examples, supplied as assembly source code, to be run interactively - aiding student, technician and hobbyist learning.*A companion website will provide downloads of application files used in the book and links to associated manufacturers

This report presents the results of archaeological investigations carried out during improvements to five key junctions along a stretch of the A13 trunk road through the East London Boroughs of Tower Hamlets, Newham and Barking and Dagenham. The A13 at this location runs parallel to the River Thames, traversing the very edge of the Thames gravel terraces and alluvial floodplain. Previous archaeological work has shown the Thames gravel terraces to be one of the most intensively occupied regions of Southern England during the prehistoric period and locations on or adjacent to the terrace edge have high potential for preserving organic remains such as timber structures and palaeoenvironmental evidence in waterlogged conditions. The archaeology recorded covers a wide chronological range representing intermittent activity spanning the Mesolithic through to the post-Roman period. Regionally important evidence of Neolithic activity included artefact assemblages of pottery and worked flint. A rare cache of charred emmer wheat recovered during evaluation at the Woolwich Manor Way site provides definitive evidence of early Neolithic cereal cultivation in the vicinity, and a fragment of belt slider made from Whitby jet attests to long distance exchange networks. The greatest concentration of activity, however, dates to the 2nd millennium BC and includes several Bronze Age timber stake-built structures and brushwood trackways with associated wetland edge occupation. The A13 structures add to the corpus of regional evidence for trackway building and marshland exploitation during this period. The broadly northsouth orientation would suggest they were built to maintain access to the Thames floodplain during a period of increased wetness. This may have been to exploit a range of natural resources and to herd animals to seasonal pasture. To the west, at Freemasons Road, a double row of large oak piles may represent the remains of a wooden footbridge linking the drier ground of the terrace to an island on the Lea floodplain. The piles are among the most substantial known in the region and are of similar form to those from Runneymede Bridge and Vauxhall. The bridge structure seems to have been associated with a series of gullies and postholes representing some form of enclosure perhaps associated with the corralling of animals. At Movers Lane a burnt mound deposit and associated pits located at the edge of a palaeochannel appear to post-date trackway construction and date to the latter part of the 2nd millennium BC, as does a cremation deposit and series of linear features that may define boundaries or drainage systems. Evidence during the later periods was sparser and probably relates to a period of marine incursion, with the spread of saltmarsh environments and tidal creeks making the area unsuitable for activity. Extensive geoarchaeological and palaeoenvironmental sampling carried out during the lifetime of the project provides an important record of landscape evolution and periods of major change can be detected, both natural and anthropogenically induced. As well as providing a context for the archaeology along the A13, this raises a number of issues regarding the interaction of local communities with the natural environment, how they responded to change and to a certain extent exploited it. Ultimately this is of relevance not only to understanding the past but also to current concerns regarding environmental management along the Thames estuary.

Projects supported by £8.8 million of funding from the British Government under the Aggregates Levy Sustainability Fund (ALSF) administered by English Heritage (now Historic England) have completely transformed our understanding of the Palaeolithic and contributed to our understanding of Pleistocene environments in Britain. This is a period of multiple Ice Ages interspersed with warmer periods, which forms the backdrop for human evolution. The benefits to archaeology and for the interpretation of these fragile remains from this ancient epoch have been incalculable.In an effort to make this work better known, English Heritage (now Historic England) initiated the Lost Landscapes of Palaeolithic Britain project when the ALSF was cut in 2011. The project was designed and managed for English Heritage by Oxford Archaeology. It brought together a team of academic specialists, recognised as leaders in various aspects of the British Palaeolithic, but also crucially with experience of ALSF projects and developer-funded archaeology. The academic team was led by Professor Mark White of Durham University. Outputs from the project include an update of The English Rivers Palaeolithic Survey (TERPS) artefact database and a report to inform future research activities undertaken as part of the National Heritage Protection Plan.A key and concluding part of the project was the production of a peer-reviewed monograph (White et al 2016) drawing together the key results of ALSF research in a series of thematic chapters and illustrated text boxes, focusing on cutting edge techniques, investigative strategies and case studies. Insights obtained from projects have helped to define future priorities and milestones for Palaeolithic research. This book has been specifically designed to provide an engaging and accessible commentary for the non-specialist, reaching out to curators, planning archaeologists and those working in industry and commercial units. The aim from the outset has been to bridge the gap between achievement and awareness of the huge contribution of the ALSF to this remote and often enigmatic period.The Lost Landscapes of Palaeolithic Britain Project was monitored for English Heritage by Helen Keeley and Jonathan Last. The project was managed for Oxford Archaeology by Elizabeth Stafford.

Interfacing PIC Microcontrollers provides a thorough introduction to interfacing techniques for students, engineers and hobbyists looking to take their knowledge of PIC application development to the next level. Step-by-step examples are used to illustrate a comprehensive set of interfaces, and these can be run interactively on Proteus circuit simulation software, used widely in educational institutions, to aid understanding without the need to build real hardware. Each chapter ends with suggestions for further applications, and numerous line drawings illustrate the application hardware. A companion website includes all examples in the text which can be downloaded together with a free version of Proteus's ISIS Lite. Every topic is illustrated by designs based on the 16F877, so the reader can concentrate on interfacing, and not have to deal with different microcontrollers. All the circuits are available on the associated website www.picmicros.org.uk *Comprehensive coverage of a topic not widely explored in the wealth of PIC books on the market, concentrating on the popular PIC16F877 device *Circuit simulation software allows step-by-step examples, supplied as assembly source code, to be run interactively - aiding student, technician and hobbyist learning.*A companion website will provide downloads of application files used in the book and links to associated manufacturers

This report presents the results of archaeological investigations carried out during improvements to five key junctions along a stretch of the A13 trunk road through the East London Boroughs of Tower Hamlets, Newham and Barking and Dagenham. The A13 at this location runs parallel to the River Thames, traversing the very edge of the Thames gravel terraces and alluvial floodplain. Previous archaeological work has shown the Thames gravel terraces to be one of the most intensively occupied regions of Southern England during the prehistoric period and locations on or adjacent to the terrace edge have high potential for preserving organic remains such as timber structures and palaeoenvironmental evidence in waterlogged conditions. The archaeology recorded covers a wide chronological range representing intermittent activity spanning the Mesolithic through to the post-Roman period. Regionally important evidence of Neolithic activity included artefact assemblages of pottery and worked flint. A rare cache of charred emmer wheat recovered during evaluation at the Woolwich Manor Way site provides definitive evidence of early Neolithic cereal cultivation in the vicinity, and a fragment of belt slider made from Whitby jet attests to long distance exchange networks. The greatest concentration of activity, however, dates to the 2nd millennium BC and includes several Bronze Age timber stake-built structures and brushwood trackways with associated wetland edge occupation. The A13 structures add to the corpus of regional evidence for trackway building and marshland exploitation during this period. The broadly northsouth orientation would suggest they were built to maintain access to the Thames floodplain during a period of increased wetness. This may have been to exploit a range of natural resources and to herd animals to seasonal pasture. To the west, at Freemasons Road, a double row of large oak piles may represent the remains of a wooden footbridge linking the drier ground of the terrace to an island on the Lea floodplain. The piles are among the most substantial known in the region and are of similar form to those from Runneymede Bridge and Vauxhall. The bridge structure seems to have been associated with a series of gullies and postholes representing some form of enclosure perhaps associated with the corralling of animals. At Movers Lane a burnt mound deposit and associated pits located at the edge of a palaeochannel appear to post-date trackway construction and date to the latter part of the 2nd millennium BC, as does a cremation deposit and series of linear features that may define boundaries or drainage systems. Evidence during the later periods was sparser and probably relates to a period of marine incursion, with the spread of saltmarsh environments and tidal creeks making the area unsuitable for activity. Extensive geoarchaeological and palaeoenvironmental sampling carried out during the lifetime of the project provides an important record of landscape evolution and periods of major change can be detected, both natural and anthropogenically induced. As well as providing a context for the archaeology along the A13, this raises a number of issues regarding the interaction of local communities with the natural environment, how they responded to change and to a certain extent exploited it. Ultimately this is of relevance not only to understanding the past but also to current concerns regarding environmental management along the Thames estuary.

Projects supported by £8.8 million of funding from the British Government under the Aggregates Levy Sustainability Fund (ALSF) administered by English Heritage (now Historic England) have completely transformed our understanding of the Palaeolithic and contributed to our understanding of Pleistocene environments in Britain. This is a period of multiple Ice Ages interspersed with warmer periods, which forms the backdrop for human evolution. The benefits to archaeology and for the interpretation of these fragile remains from this ancient epoch have been incalculable.In an effort to make this work better known, English Heritage (now Historic England) initiated the Lost Landscapes of Palaeolithic Britain project when the ALSF was cut in 2011. The project was designed and managed for English Heritage by Oxford Archaeology. It brought together a team of academic specialists, recognised as leaders in various aspects of the British Palaeolithic, but also crucially with experience of ALSF projects and developer-funded archaeology. The academic team was led by Professor Mark White of Durham University. Outputs from the project include an update of The English Rivers Palaeolithic Survey (TERPS) artefact database and a report to inform future research activities undertaken as part of the National Heritage Protection Plan.A key and concluding part of the project was the production of a peer-reviewed monograph (White et al 2016) drawing together the key results of ALSF research in a series of thematic chapters and illustrated text boxes, focusing on cutting edge techniques, investigative strategies and case studies. Insights obtained from projects have helped to define future priorities and milestones for Palaeolithic research. This book has been specifically designed to provide an engaging and accessible commentary for the non-specialist, reaching out to curators, planning archaeologists and those working in industry and commercial units. The aim from the outset has been to bridge the gap between achievement and awareness of the huge contribution of the ALSF to this remote and often enigmatic period.The Lost Landscapes of Palaeolithic Britain Project was monitored for English Heritage by Helen Keeley and Jonathan Last. The project was managed for Oxford Archaeology by Elizabeth Stafford.