Maurizio Lazzarato – författare

Framed by brilliant readings of Gilles Deleuze and FÉlix Guattari, Gabriel Tarde, and Mikhail Bakhtin, Maurizio Lazzarato’s Revolutions of Capitalism charts a new theory of contemporary capitalism and the politics against it. Originally published in French in 2004, this newly translated work sees capitalism as driven, not only by labor or value, but by the capture of cooperation and by the taming of possibles. Lazzarato theorizes how contemporary capitalism depends on noo-politics, or the “action of brains at a distance on other brains,” which seeks to control memory and attention and to trap the proliferation of possibles. Against this, Lazzarato reveals how current social movements attack established institutions and their vision of a single possible world to liberate the creation and actualization of a multiplicity of possible worlds.

The Italian philosopher Maurizio Lazzarato has earned international acclaim for his analysis of contemporary capitalism, in particular his influential concept of immaterial labor and his perceptive writings on debt. In Videophilosophy, he reveals the underpinnings of contemporary subjectivity in the aesthetics and politics of mass media. First written in French and published in Italian and later revised but never published in full, this book discloses the conceptual groundwork of Lazzarato’s thought as a whole for a time when his writings have become increasingly influential.Drawing on Bergson, Nietzsche, Benjamin, Deleuze and Guattari, and the film theory and practice of Dziga Vertov, Lazzarato constructs a new philosophy of media that ties political economy to the politics of aesthetics. Through his concept of “machines that crystallize time,” he argues that the proliferation of digital technologies over the past half-century marks the transition to a new mode of capitalist production characterized by unprecedented forms of subjection. This new era of the commodification of the self, Lazzarato declares, demands novel types of political action that challenge the commercialization and exploitation of time. This crucial text by an essential contemporary thinker offers vital new perspectives on aesthetics, politics, and media and critical theory.

The Italian philosopher Maurizio Lazzarato has earned international acclaim for his analysis of contemporary capitalism, in particular his influential concept of immaterial labor and his perceptive writings on debt. In Videophilosophy, he reveals the underpinnings of contemporary subjectivity in the aesthetics and politics of mass media. First written in French and published in Italian and later revised but never published in full, this book discloses the conceptual groundwork of Lazzarato’s thought as a whole for a time when his writings have become increasingly influential.Drawing on Bergson, Nietzsche, Benjamin, Deleuze and Guattari, and the film theory and practice of Dziga Vertov, Lazzarato constructs a new philosophy of media that ties political economy to the politics of aesthetics. Through his concept of “machines that crystallize time,” he argues that the proliferation of digital technologies over the past half-century marks the transition to a new mode of capitalist production characterized by unprecedented forms of subjection. This new era of the commodification of the self, Lazzarato declares, demands novel types of political action that challenge the commercialization and exploitation of time. This crucial text by an essential contemporary thinker offers vital new perspectives on aesthetics, politics, and media and critical theory.

Framed by brilliant readings of Gilles Deleuze and FÉlix Guattari, Gabriel Tarde, and Mikhail Bakhtin, Maurizio Lazzarato’s Revolutions of Capitalism charts a new theory of contemporary capitalism and the politics against it. Originally published in French in 2004, this newly translated work sees capitalism as driven, not only by labor or value, but by the capture of cooperation and by the taming of possibles. Lazzarato theorizes how contemporary capitalism depends on noo-politics, or the “action of brains at a distance on other brains,” which seeks to control memory and attention and to trap the proliferation of possibles. Against this, Lazzarato reveals how current social movements attack established institutions and their vision of a single possible world to liberate the creation and actualization of a multiplicity of possible worlds.

A new and radical reexamination of today's neoliberalist “new economy” through the political lens of the debtor/creditor relation.

"The debtor-creditor relation, which is at the heart of this book, sharpens mechanisms of exploitation and domination indiscriminately, since, in it, there is no distinction between workers and the unemployed, consumers and producers, working and non-working populations, between retirees and welfare recipients. They are all 'debtors,' guilty and responsible in the eyes of capital, which has become the Great, the Universal, Creditor."—from The Making of the Indebted Man

Debt—both public debt and private debt—has become a major concern of economic and political leaders. In The Making of the Indebted Man, Maurizio Lazzarato shows that, far from being a threat to the capitalist economy, debt lies at the very core of the neoliberal project. Through a reading of Karl Marx's lesser-known youthful writings on John Mill, and a rereading of writings by Friedrich Nietzsche, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, and Michel Foucault, Lazzarato demonstrates that debt is above all a political construction, and that the creditor/debtor relation is the fundamental social relation of Western societies.

Debt cannot be reduced to a simple economic mechanism, for it is also a technique of “public safety” through which individual and collective subjectivities are governed and controlled. Its aim is to minimize the uncertainty of the time and behavior of the governed. We are forever sinking further into debt to the State, to private insurance, and, on a more general level, to corporations. To insure that we honor our debts, we are at once encouraged and compelled to become the “entrepreneurs” of our lives, of our “human capital.” In this way, our entire material, psychological, and affective horizon is upended and reconfigured.

How do we extricate ourselves from this impossible situation? How do we escape the neoliberal condition of the indebted man? Lazzarato argues that we will have to recognize that there is no simple technical, economic, or financial solution. We must instead radically challenge the fundamental social relation structuring capitalism: the system of debt.

Why we must reject the illusory consolations of technology and choose revolution over fascism.We are living in apocalyptic times. In Capital Hates Everyone, famed sociologist Maurice Lazzarato points to a stark choice emerging from the magma of today's world events: fascism or revolution. Fascism now drives the course of democracies as they grow less and less liberal and increasingly subject to the law of capital. Since the 1970s, Lazzarato writes, capital has entered a logic of war. It has become, by the power conferred on it by financialization, a political force intent on destruction. Lazzarato urges us to reject the illusory consolations of a technology-abetted "new" kind of capitalism and choose revolution over fascism.

An acute reappraisal for our time of the very concept of revolution.In order to be effective, union struggles, struggles for national liberation, worker mutualism, or struggles for emancipation were strategies that were necessarily connected to revolution. Starting from the historic defeat of the global Revolution in the mid-1970s, this book draws a portrait—whose elaboration is still lacking—of the concept of revolution. What conditions could lead us to speak of revolution once again?In The Intolerable Present, the Urgency of Revolution, Maurizio Lazzarato ponders the fundamental importance of the passage from the historical class struggle (the conflict between capital and labor) to the more recent class struggles that open onto plural trajectories: social, sexual, gender, and race struggles. Expanding the notion of class as a rejoinder to the normative appropriation of minority politics, the revolution is returned as the horizon where subjection can be resorbed.In this sense, Marxist, feminist, anticolonial, and postcolonial theories provide the necessary critical tools to understand the relations between classes and minorities, between the global North and the global South, and between the time of revolutions and the eruption of new subjectivities.

Maurizio Lazzarato's War and Money explores the connections between capitalist expansion, international economic conflict, and war, via an analysis of the imperialism of the American dollar. He examines why contemporary left-wing theorists such as Michel Foucault and Antonio Negri have failed to recognize war as a fundamental aspect of capitalism. Renewed readings of Marx, Lenin, and Rosa Luxemburg argue for class struggle against capitalist war as a fundamental aspect of leftist theory.

Maurizio Lazzarato''s War and Money explores the connections between capitalist expansion, international economic conflict, and war, via an analysis of the imperialism of the American dollar. He examines why contemporary left-wing theorists such as Michel Foucault and Antonio Negri have failed to recognize war as a fundamental aspect of capitalism. Renewed readings of Marx, Lenin, and Rosa Luxemburg argue for class struggle against capitalist war as a fundamental aspect of leftist theory.

"Vivimos tiempos apocalípticos", sostiene con tono urgente Maurizio Lazzarato frente al ascenso de los nuevos fascismos y la renuncia del pensamiento crítico a pensar en términos de revolución. Son tiempos que "ponen de manifiesto, que dejan ver". Y de forma clara y contundente, analiza diversos procesos del mundo contemporáneo: los chalecos amarillos en Francia, la primavera árabe, la presidencia de Donald Trump, las dictaduras latinoamericanas de los años setenta, el ascenso al poder de Jair Bolsonaro.Vivimos tiempos que ponen de manifiesto que la alternativa "fascismo o revolución" es asimétrica y desigual. El fascismo, el racismo y el sexismo se inscriben de manera estructural en los mecanismos de acumulación del capital al tiempo que el ciclo de revoluciones mundiales quedó clausurado a fines del siglo pasado: el neoliberalismo se encargó de borrarlo del mapa y de la memoria.Vivimos tiempos de un creciente neofascismo –la otra cara del neoliberalismo– y las "guerras contra las poblaciones" son los mecanismos para lograrlo. Lazzarato, uno de los intelectuales más originales y agudos del presente, aporta herramientas para pensar cómo salir de este aparente destino, en diálogo y discutiendo con Rancière, Foucault, Marx, los feminismos, para elaborar estrategias que nos permitan crear hoy nuevos posibles.

El tríptico clase, raza, sexo (al que se le puede agregar la ecología) corre el riesgo de banalizarse en los programas de estudios universitarios, en las nuevas mercancías culturales o en las reivindicaciones inofensivas (lo común, el "cuidado", la relación con uno mismo, la defensa de la "naturaleza", etc.), y, por lo tanto, corre un doble peligro.El 8 de octubre de 1858 Marx le escribe a Engels una carta en la que vaticina tres puntos fundamentales de su pensamiento: el marco de la revolución será el mercado mundial, el espacio donde surgirá será Europa y la fuerza que la encarnará será la clase obrera.A partir de la lectura de esta carta, Maurizio Lazzarato reflexiona sobre los alcances y las limitaciones que la revolución tuvo a lo largo del siglo pasado y comienzos de este. ¿Se cumplió lo propuesto por Marx o sucedió todo lo contrario?En una suerte de historia crítica de la revolución, Lazzarato se detiene en el pensamiento de referentes intelectuales como Gramsci, Foucault, Negri, Deleuze, Guattari, Latour, pero también analiza las tesis de Frantz Fanon y Carla Lonzi, porque es imprescindible sumar las luchas de los colonizados, las mujeres, los estudiantes y las nuevas generaciones de obreros, materializadas en el movimiento Ni Una Menos, la revuelta estudiantil chilena, la Primavera Árabe, entre tantos otros acontecimientos.Lazzarato sostiene que sin revolución el contenido de la lucha y las posibilidades de una verdadera resistencia quedan en manos de la máquina capital/Estado y despliega un balance implacable de las rupturas revolucionarias de los últimos tiempos como posible punto de partida para repensar la revolución en nuestros días.