Michael A. Reynolds – författare

The break-up of the Ottoman empire and the disintegration of the Russian empire were watershed events in modern history. The unravelling of these empires was both cause and consequence of World War I and resulted in the deaths of millions. It irrevocably changed the landscape of the Middle East and Eurasia and reverberates to this day in conflicts throughout the Caucasus and Middle East. Shattering Empires draws on extensive research in the Ottoman and Russian archives to tell the story of the rivalry and collapse of two great empires. Overturning accounts that portray their clash as one of conflicting nationalisms, this pioneering study argues that geopolitical competition and the emergence of a new global interstate order provide the key to understanding the course of history in the Ottoman-Russian borderlands in the twentieth century. It will appeal to those interested in Middle Eastern, Russian, and Eurasian history, international relations, ethnic conflict, and World War I.

The break-up of the Ottoman empire and the disintegration of the Russian empire were watershed events in modern history. The unravelling of these empires was both cause and consequence of World War I and resulted in the deaths of millions. It irrevocably changed the landscape of the Middle East and Eurasia and reverberates to this day in conflicts throughout the Caucasus and Middle East. Shattering Empires draws on extensive research in the Ottoman and Russian archives to tell the story of the rivalry and collapse of two great empires. Overturning accounts that portray their clash as one of conflicting nationalisms, this pioneering study argues that geopolitical competition and the emergence of a new global interstate order provide the key to understanding the course of history in the Ottoman-Russian borderlands in the twentieth century. It will appeal to those interested in Middle Eastern, Russian, and Eurasian history, international relations, ethnic conflict, and World War I.

The definitive biography of Enver Pasha, the larger-than-life Young Turk revolutionary who bent the arc of history and reshaped the modern Middle East and EurasiaEnver Pasha (1881–1922) is a hotly contested figure whose career spanned the Young Turk Revolution, the First World War, the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, and the rise of global anti-colonialism. To millions he was an icon of hope and a folk hero. Others reviled him as a ruthless conspirator and a merciless sower of death. But all, from Kaiser Wilhelm II through Churchill to Stalin, found him a man of consequence. A Life Lived like a Storm tells the story of the man whom even a jealous rival, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, likened to the splendor of a setting sun.The first biography of Enver to make use of an abundance of archival sources in multiple languages, this book radically transforms our understanding of Enver and his era. A reserved, pious boy from the Balkans schooled to become an elite officer in the Ottoman army, he vaulted to global fame in 1908 when he risked all to topple a repressive sultan’s regime. Bloodied on Balkan and North African battlefields, Enver later seized power, imposed one-party rule, married a princess. He plunged his empire into a world war—and ultimately into defeat—but also laid the foundation for the Turkish Republic. Hunted for war crimes, he fled the empire to make common cause against colonialism with the Bolsheviks, only to take up the banner of Islam and die battling the Red Army in Central Asia as the son-in-law of the Caliph.An epic account of a consequential life by one of our foremost historians, A Life Lived like a Storm paints a riveting, multifaceted portrait of a man whose boundless ambition and lust for peril put him at the center of the collapse of one world and the birth of another.

The dazzling array of languages and religions in the Middle East, from Late Antiquity to the present, has long made the region a source of fascination. But the specific features of pluralism in the Middle East have also made writing its history a difficult enterprise, as scholarly specialisation has often meant that this or that religious group becomes invisible. The challenges of the Middle East’s particular pluralism, however, also represent an opportunity for creative reflection and innovation in historical research.This volume takes as its starting-point the fact that, for much of the past 1,500 years, the population of the Middle East has been significantly Christian. It offers a series of case studies by leading scholars that offer different answers to the question of what histories of the region might look like if this demographic situation were taken seriously. Critiquing dominant narratives that conflate the history of the Middle East and the history of Islam, they show how integrating Christian actors, experiences and sources can enrich our understanding of the region.