Michael Levien – författare

Since the mid-2000s, India has been beset by widespread farmer protests against land dispossession. Dispossession Without Development demonstrates that beneath these conflicts lay a profound shift in regimes of dispossession. While the postcolonial Indian state dispossessed land mostly for public-sector industry and infrastructure, since the 1990s state governments have become land brokers for private real estate capital. Using the case of a village in Rajasthan that was dispossessed for a private Special Economic Zone, the book ethnographically illustrates the exclusionary trajectory of capitalism driving dispossession in contemporary India. Taking us into the lives of diverse villagers in "Rajpura," the book meticulously documents the destruction of agricultural livelihoods, the marginalization of rural labor, the spatial uneveness of infrastructure provision, and the dramatic consequences of real estate speculation for social inequality and village politics. Illuminating the structural underpinnings of land struggles in contemporary India, this book will resonate in any place where "land grabs" have fueled conflict in recent years.

Since the mid-2000s, India has been beset by widespread farmer protests against "land grabs." Dispossession Without Development demonstrates that beneath these conflicts lay a profound transformation in the political economy of land dispossession. While the postcolonial Indian state dispossessed land mostly for public-sector industry and infrastructure, the adoption of neoliberal economic policies in the early 1990s prompted state governments to become land brokers for private real estate capital. This new regime of dispossession culminated with private Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in the mid-2000s. Using the case of a village in Rajasthan that was dispossessed for one of North India's largest SEZs, the book ethnographically illustrates how the zone's real estate-driven and knowledge-intensive growth intersected with pre-existing agrarian inequalities to generate a peculiar and exclusionary trajectory of social change. Taking us into the lives of diverse villagers, the book meticulously documents the destruction of their agricultural livelihoods, the marginalization of their labor, and their exclusion from the zone's "world-class" infrastructure. Most poignantly, it shows farmers' unequal capacities to profit from dramatic land speculation and the consequences of this for village social relations and politics. Illuminating the exclusionary trajectory of capitalism that underlay land conflicts in contemporary India, Dispossession Without Development also advances a novel theory of land dispossession. This book will resonate in both India and many other places where "land grabs" have fueled conflict in recent years.

This comprehensive volume advances heterodox reconstructions of agrarian Marxism on the occasion of Marx’s 200th birth anniversary. While Marxists have long criticized ‘populists’ for ignoring capitalism and class, populists have charged Marxists with historical determinism. This ongoing debate has now reached something of an impasse, in part because new empirical work addressing the complex contemporary patterns and conjunctures of global agrarian capitalism offers exciting new horizons, along with new and generative theoretical reconstructions of Marxism itself. This book helps to point the way beyond this impasse, and illustrates that agrarian Marxism remains a dynamic theoretical program that offers powerful insights into agrarian change and politics in the twenty-first century.This book was originally published as a special issue of The Journal of Peasant Studies.