Michio Inagaki – författare

The discovery of fullerenes and nanotubes has greatly stimulated the interest of scientists and engineers in carbon materials, and has resulted in much scientific research. These materials have provided us with many interesting ideas and potential applications, some of them practical and some simply dreams for the future. In the early 1960s, carbon fibers, glass-like carbons and pyrolytic carbons were developed which were quite different from the carbon materials that had previously been used. Carbon fibers exhibited surprisingly good mechanical properties, glass-like carbons exhibited brittle fracture resulting in a conchoidal fracture surface similar to sodium glass, and giving no carbon dust, and pyrolytic carbons were produced by a new production process of chemical vapour deposition and showed very high anisotropy. These carbons materials made a great impact not only on the carbon community who had been working on carbon materials but also on people working in the fields of materials science and engineering. They were used to develop a variety of new applications in technological fields, such as semiconductors, microelectronics, aerospace and high temperature, etc. These newly developed carbon materials were called NEW CARBONS, in comparison with carbon materials such as artificial graphites represented by graphite electrodes, carbon blacks and activated carbons, which maybe thought of as CLASSICAL CARBONS. Later, other new carbons, such as activated carbons and those with novel functions, isotropic high-density graphites, intercalation compounds, various composites, etc., were developed. In 1994, Professor Michio Inagaki published a book entitled "New Carbon Materials - Structure and Functions" with his friend Professor Yoshihiro Hishiyama of Musashi Institute of Technology, published by Gihoudou Shuppan in Japanese. However, progress in the fields of these new carbons is so rapid that the previous book is already out of date. For this reason the author has decided to write an English text on New Carbons. The text focuses on New Carbons based on hexagonal networks of carbon-atoms, i.e. graphite-related materials. The fundamental concept underlying this book is that the structure and functions of these materials are principally governed by their texture. The aim is to give readers a comprehensive understanding of New Carbons through the description of their structure and texture, along with the properties that are largely dependent on them.

In recent years the Japanese have funded a comprehensive study of carbon materials which incorporate other elements including boron, nitrogen and fluorine, hence the title of the project "Carbon Alloys".

Coined in 1992, the phrase "Carbon Alloys" can be applied to those materials mainly composed of carbon materials in multi-component systems. The carbon atoms of each component have a physical and/or chemical interactive relationship with other atoms or compounds. The carbon atoms of the components may have different hybrid bonding orbitals to create quite different carbon components.

Eiichi Yasuda and his team consider the definition of Carbon Alloys, present the results of the Carbon Alloys projects, describe typical Carbon Alloys and their uses, discuss recent techniques for their characterization, and finally, illustrate potential applications and future developments for Carbon Alloy science. The book contains over thirty chapters on these studies from as many researchers.

The most modern of techniques, particularly in the area of spectroscopy, were used as diagnostic tools, and many of these are applicable to pure carbons also. Porosity in carbons received considerable attention.

The discovery of fullerenes and nanotubes has greatly stimulated the interest of scientists and engineers in carbon materials, and has resulted in much scientific research. These materials have provided us with many interesting ideas and potential applications, some of them practical and some simply dreams for the future. In the early 1960s, carbon fibers, glass-like carbons and pyrolytic carbons were developed which were quite different from the carbon materials that had previously been used. Carbon fibers exhibited surprisingly good mechanical properties, glass-like carbons exhibited brittle fracture resulting in a conchoidal fracture surface similar to sodium glass, and giving no carbon dust, and pyrolytic carbons were produced by a new production process of chemical vapour deposition and showed very high anisotropy. These carbons materials made a great impact not only on the carbon community who had been working on carbon materials but also on people working in the fields of materials science and engineering. They were used to develop a variety of new applications in technological fields, such as semiconductors, microelectronics, aerospace and high temperature, etc. These newly developed carbon materials were called NEW CARBONS, in comparison with carbon materials such as artificial graphites represented by graphite electrodes, carbon blacks and activated carbons, which maybe thought of as CLASSICAL CARBONS. Later, other new carbons, such as activated carbons and those with novel functions, isotropic high-density graphites, intercalation compounds, various composites, etc., were developed. In 1994, Professor Michio Inagaki published a book entitled "New Carbon Materials — Structure and Functions" with his friend Professor Yoshihiro Hishiyama of Musashi Institute of Technology, published by Gihoudou Shuppan in Japanese. However, progress in the fields of these new carbons is so rapid that the previous book is already out of date. For this reason the author has decided to write an English text on New Carbons. The text focuses on New Carbons based on hexagonal networks of carbon-atoms, i.e. graphite-related materials. The fundamental concept underlying this book is that the structure and functions of these materials are principally governed by their texture. The aim is to give readers a comprehensive understanding of New Carbons through the description of their structure and texture, along with the properties that are largely dependent on them.

In recent years the Japanese have funded a comprehensive study of carbon materials which incorporate other elements including boron, nitrogen and fluorine, hence the title of the project "Carbon Alloys".Coined in 1992, the phrase "Carbon Alloys" can be applied to those materials mainly composed of carbon materials in multi-component systems. The carbon atoms of each component have a physical and/or chemical interactive relationship with other atoms or compounds. The carbon atoms of the components may have different hybrid bonding orbitals to create quite different carbon components.Eiichi Yasuda and his team consider the definition of Carbon Alloys, present the results of the Carbon Alloys projects, describe typical Carbon Alloys and their uses, discuss recent techniques for their characterization, and finally, illustrate potential applications and future developments for Carbon Alloy science. The book contains over thirty chapters on these studies from as many researchers.The most modern of techniques, particularly in the area of spectroscopy, were used as diagnostic tools, and many of these are applicable to pure carbons also. Porosity in carbons received considerable attention.

Carbon materials are exceptionally diverse in their preparation, structure, texture, and applications.� In Advanced Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon, noted carbon scientist Michio Inagaki and his coauthors cover the most recent advances in carbon materials, including new techniques and processes, carbon materials synthesis, and up-to-date descriptions of current carbon-based materials, trends and applications.

Beginning with the synthesis and preparation of nanocarbons, carbon nanotubes, and graphenes, the book then reviews recently developed carbonization techniques, such as templating, electrospinning, foaming, stress graphitization, and the formation of glass-like carbon. The last third of the book is devoted to applications, featuring coverage of carbon materials for energy storage, electrochemical capacitors, lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, and adsorptive storage of hydrogen and methane for environmental protection, photocatalysis, spilled oil recovery, and nuclear applications of isotropic high-density graphite.

A progression from synthesis through modern carbonization techniques to applications gives you a thorough understanding of carbon materials Covers a wide range of precursor materials, preparation techniques, and characteristics to inspire your own development of carbonization techniques, carbon materials and applications Applications-oriented chapters include timely content on hot topics such as the engineering of carbon nanofibers and carbon materials for various energy-related applications

Carbon materials are exceptionally diverse in their preparation, structure, texture, and applications.  In Advanced Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon, noted carbon scientist Michio Inagaki and his coauthors cover the most recent advances in carbon materials, including new techniques and processes, carbon materials synthesis, and up-to-date descriptions of current carbon-based materials, trends and applications.Beginning with the synthesis and preparation of nanocarbons, carbon nanotubes, and graphenes, the book then reviews recently developed carbonization techniques, such as templating, electrospinning, foaming, stress graphitization, and the formation of glass-like carbon. The last third of the book is devoted to applications, featuring coverage of carbon materials for energy storage, electrochemical capacitors, lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, and adsorptive storage of hydrogen and methane for environmental protection, photocatalysis, spilled oil recovery, and nuclear applications of isotropic high-density graphite.- A progression from synthesis through modern carbonization techniques to applications gives you a thorough understanding of carbon materials- Covers a wide range of precursor materials, preparation techniques, and characteristics to inspire your own development of carbonization techniques, carbon materials and applications- Applications-oriented chapters include timely content on hot topics such as the engineering of carbon nanofibers and carbon materials for various energy-related applications

Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon: Fundamentals provides a comprehensive introduction to carbon, the fourth most abundant element in the universe. The contents are organized into two main parts. Following a brief introduction on the history of carbon materials, Part 1 focuses on the fundamental science on the preparation and characterization of various carbon materials, and Part 2 concentrates on their engineering and applications, including hot areas like energy storage and environmental remediation. The book also includes up-to-date advanced information on such newer carbon-based materials as carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, fullerenes and graphenes.

Through review on fundamental science, engineering and applications of carbon materials Overview on a wide variety of carbon materials (diamond, graphite, fullerene, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.) based on structure and nanotexture Description on the preparation and applications of various carbon materials, in the relation to their basic structure and properties

Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon: Fundamentals provides a comprehensive introduction to carbon, the fourth most abundant element in the universe. The contents are organized into two main parts. Following a brief introduction on the history of carbon materials, Part 1 focuses on the fundamental science on the preparation and characterization of various carbon materials, and Part 2 concentrates on their engineering and applications, including hot areas like energy storage and environmental remediation. The book also includes up-to-date advanced information on such newer carbon-based materials as carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, fullerenes and graphenes.- Through review on fundamental science, engineering and applications of carbon materials- Overview on a wide variety of carbon materials (diamond, graphite, fullerene, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.) based on structure and nanotexture- Description on the preparation and applications of various carbon materials, in the relation to their basic structure and properties

Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon: Characterization discusses 12 characterization techniques, focusing on their application to carbon materials, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray small-angle scattering, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, image analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, magnetoresistance, electrochemical performance, pore structure analysis, thermal analyses, and quantification of functional groups.

Each contributor in the book has worked on carbon materials for many years, and their background and experience will provide guidance on the development and research of carbon materials and their further applications.

Focuses on characterization techniques for carbon materials Authored by experts who are considered specialists in their respective techniques Presents practical results on various carbon materials, including fault results, which will help readers understand the optimum conditions for the characterization of carbon materials

Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon: Characterization discusses 12 characterization techniques, focusing on their application to carbon materials, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray small-angle scattering, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, image analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, magnetoresistance, electrochemical performance, pore structure analysis, thermal analyses, and quantification of functional groups.Each contributor in the book has worked on carbon materials for many years, and their background and experience will provide guidance on the development and research of carbon materials and their further applications.- Focuses on characterization techniques for carbon materials- Authored by experts who are considered specialists in their respective techniques- Presents practical results on various carbon materials, including fault results, which will help readers understand the optimum conditions for the characterization of carbon materials

Graphene: Preparation, Properties, Applications and Prospects provides a comprehensive introduction on the science and engineering of graphene. The book is composed of 9 chapters, including a discussion on what graphene is, detailed descriptions of preparation procedures, applications based on respective properties, including electrical, chemical, mechanical, thermal and biomedical, and reviews on materials derived from graphene (graphene derivatives) and other layered materials.

Provides differentiation on two kinds of graphene, graphene with highly-crystalline layers and reduced graphene oxide with highly-defective layers Thorough reviews a wide variety of preparation procedures of two kinds of graphene, including the formation of graphene foams, films and horns, and the doping of foreign atoms Contains a comprehensive review of electrical, chemical, mechanical, thermal and biomedical properties and applications based on these properties

Graphene: Preparation, Properties, Applications and Prospects provides a comprehensive introduction on the science and engineering of graphene. The book is composed of 9 chapters, including a discussion on what graphene is, detailed descriptions of preparation procedures, applications based on respective properties, including electrical, chemical, mechanical, thermal and biomedical, and reviews on materials derived from graphene (graphene derivatives) and other layered materials.- Provides differentiation on two kinds of graphene, graphene with highly-crystalline layers and reduced graphene oxide with highly-defective layers- Thorough reviews a wide variety of preparation procedures of two kinds of graphene, including the formation of graphene foams, films and horns, and the doping of foreign atoms- Contains a comprehensive review of electrical, chemical, mechanical, thermal and biomedical properties and applications based on these properties

Carbon materials form pores ranging in size and morphology, from micropores of less than 1nm, to macropores of more than 50nm, and from channel-like spaces with homogenous diameters in carbon nanotubes, to round spaces in various fullerene cages, including irregularly-shaped pores in polycrystalline carbon materials. The large quantity and rapid rate of absorption of various molecules made possible by these attributes of carbon materials are now used in the storage of foreign atoms and ions for energy storage, conversion and adsorption, and for environmental remediation. Porous Carbons: Syntheses and Applications focuses on the fabrication and application of porous carbons. It considers fabrication at three scales: micropores, mesopores, and macropores. Carbon foams, sponges, and 3D-structured carbons are detailed. The title presents applications in four key areas: energy storage, energy conversion, energy adsorption, including batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells and environmental remediation, emphasizing the importance of pore structures at the three scales, and the diffusion and storage of various ions and molecules. The book presents a short history of each technique and material, and assesses advantages and disadvantages. This focused book provides researchers with a comprehensive understanding of both pioneering and current synthesis techniques for porous carbons, and their modern applications.

Presents modern porous carbon synthesis techniques and modern applications of porous carbons Presents current research on porous carbons in energy storage, conversion and adsorption, and in environmental remediation Provides a history and assessment of both pioneering and current cutting-edge synthesis techniques and materials Covers a significant range of precursor materials, preparation techniques, and characteristics Considers the future development of porous carbons and their various potential applications

Carbon materials form pores ranging in size and morphology, from micropores of less than 1nm, to macropores of more than 50nm, and from channel-like spaces with homogenous diameters in carbon nanotubes, to round spaces in various fullerene cages, including irregularly-shaped pores in polycrystalline carbon materials. The large quantity and rapid rate of absorption of various molecules made possible by these attributes of carbon materials are now used in the storage of foreign atoms and ions for energy storage, conversion and adsorption, and for environmental remediation. Porous Carbons: Syntheses and Applications focuses on the fabrication and application of porous carbons. It considers fabrication at three scales: micropores, mesopores, and macropores. Carbon foams, sponges, and 3D-structured carbons are detailed. The title presents applications in four key areas: energy storage, energy conversion, energy adsorption, including batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells and environmental remediation, emphasizing the importance of pore structures at the three scales, and the diffusion and storage of various ions and molecules. The book presents a short history of each technique and material, and assesses advantages and disadvantages. This focused book provides researchers with a comprehensive understanding of both pioneering and current synthesis techniques for porous carbons, and their modern applications.- Presents modern porous carbon synthesis techniques and modern applications of porous carbons- Presents current research on porous carbons in energy storage, conversion and adsorption, and in environmental remediation- Provides a history and assessment of both pioneering and current cutting-edge synthesis techniques and materials- Covers a significant range of precursor materials, preparation techniques, and characteristics- Considers the future development of porous carbons and their various potential applications

Biomass-Derived Carbons: Science and Applications provides a comprehensive explanation of the synthesis and structure of biomass-derived carbons. The book's focus on energy storage (such as supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries) and environmental remediation (including pollutant removal and water desalination) directly addresses the practical application needs of professionals in these fields. The inclusion of sustainability as a key theme, particularly in terms of selecting biomass precursors and understanding the environmental impact of these materials, directly responds to the growing demand for sustainable materials and processes. The book also discusses carbonization and activation techniques, so that readers are aware of the latest advancements in material processing and modification, which is crucial for researchers and students in the field. The book's interdisciplinary approach ensures that it covers the convergence of material science, chemistry, and environmental engineering, helping readers understand how biomass-derived carbons can solve challenges across various sectors. Finally, the book's in-depth exploration of various biomass sources and their applications helps industry professionals understand the commercial potential and scalability of these materials, providing them with the insights needed to navigate market trends and economic feasibility in the field.Comprehensive discussion of the synthesis and structure of biomass-derived carbons and their role in energy storage/conversion and environment remediationReviews and summarizes the conversion of various biomasses to carbon materials and the applications by classifying biomasses into various categories: lignocellulosic plants (woody and herbaceous plants), alginic-acid-based biomasses (under-water plants) and chitin-based biomasses (creature-related biomasses) and othersReviews the wide range of application fields, by classifying them into energy storage and conversion, including supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, etc., and environment remediation, including adsorptive removal of pollutants, water desalination, microwave shielding

Graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) have attracted much attention as visible-light active photocatalysts. This book focuses on the synthesis, structure modifications, and applications of these advanced carbon materials.Key Features:• Summarizes the basic structure, texture, and similarities with carbon materials.• Explores applications in water splitting, H2O2-production, CO2-conversion to low-molecular weight hydrocarbons, and degradation and removal of environmental pollutants.• Examines visible-light irradiation and emphasizes structure modifications of pristine g-C3N4, including doping by single heteroatoms and/or molecules.• Covers the formation of g-C3N4-based composites with heavy metals and co-catalysts.• Describes the conversion of g-C3N4 to diamond under high pressure.Authored by leading authorities, this reference work offers the most thorough review of graphitic carbon nitrides available to aid materials engineers in harnessing these materials for a myriad of photocatalytic applications.

Graphitic carbon nitrides (g-C3N4) have attracted much attention as visible-light active photocatalysts. This book focuses on the synthesis, structure modifications, and applications of these advanced carbon materials.Key Features:* Summarizes the basic structure, texture, and similarities with carbon materials.* Explores applications in water splitting, H2O2-production, CO2-conversion to low-molecular weight hydrocarbons, and degradation and removal of environmental pollutants.* Examines visible-light irradiation and emphasizes structure modifications of pristine g-C3N4, including doping by single heteroatoms and/or molecules.* Covers the formation of g-C3N4-based composites with heavy metals and co-catalysts.* Describes the conversion of g-C3N4 to diamond under high pressure.Authored by leading authorities, this reference work offers the most thorough review of graphitic carbon nitrides available to aid materials engineers in harnessing these materials for a myriad of photocatalytic applications.