Morgan - Böcker

The Year of Four Emperors, so the ancient sources assure us, was one of the most chaotic, violent and frightening periods in all Roman history: a time of assassinations and civil wars, of armies so out of control that they had no qualms about occupying the city of Rome, and of ambitious men who seized power only to lose it, one after another. In 69 AD, Gwyn Morgan offers a fresh look at this period, based on two considerations to which insufficient attention has been paid in the past. First, that we need to unravel rather than cherry-pick between the conflicting accounts of Tacitus, Plutarch and Suetonius, our three main sources of information. And second, that the role of the armies, as distinct from that of their commanders, has too often been exaggerated. The result is a remarkably accurate and insightful narrative history, filled with colorful portraits of the leading participants and new insights into the nature of the Roman military. Morgan ranges from the suicide of Nero in June 68 to the triumph of Vespasian in December 69. In between, three other emperors hold power. We meet Galba, old, tightfisted and conservative, who was declared emperor in June 68 and assassinated in January 69. Otho, once Nero's boon companion, who was responsible for murdering Galba, seized power in a coup in Rome in January 69 and, to everybody's surprise, committed suicide three months later in a vain attempt to end the civil wars. Vitellius, as indolent as he was extravagant, who was put forward by two ambitious lieutenants, recognized by the senate in Rome once they heard of Otho's death in April, and cut down by Vespasian's partisans in the last days of December. And then there is Vespasian, the candidate who looked least likely to succeed, but (according to Tacitus) was the first to be improved by becoming emperor. A strikingly vivid history of ancient Rome, 69 AD is an original and compelling account of one of the best known but perhaps least understood periods in all Roman history.

Child Victims explores the range and extent of crimes committed against children and assesses their impact. The testimony of over two hundred children gives voice, for the first time, to their experiences, their views, and their needs. It examines how children attain the status of `victims' in the criminal justice system. Drawing on recent research findings, the authors examine each stage of the legal process that a child encounters, from the initial reporting of the offence, through police investigation, to the trial itself. They contrast the specialist response to victims of child sexual abuse with the experience of children who are victims of other crimes, thrust into an adult system which takes little account of their needs. Child Victims concludes by examining the role of support services and agencies dealing with child victims, and makes a number of key recommendations for future policy.

Sentencing practice and reform has in recent years assumed a high political profile in many jurisdictions. Changing public attitudes about the relative seriousness of different offences, evidence of inconsistent governmental concerns about the escalating costs of criminal justice, and support for a return to more traditional conceptions of justice in the wake of loss of faith in individualistic rehabilitative responses to offending, have all given sharper focus to the reformist agenda.This text brings together case-studies of legislative sentencing reform initiatives in the USA and Canada, Australia, Sweden, and England and Wales alongside three essays by leading international authorities on the impetus for and dynamics of change. The picture that emerges is complex. Changing sentencing policy is a highly political process in which, as these case studies show, options are judged to be acceptable as much for their presentational as their substantive characteristics.Contributors: Rod Morgan, Chris Clarkson, Tony Bottoms, Arie Freiberg, Nils Jareborg, D. A. Thomas, Andrew von Hirsch, Richard S. Frase, Anthony N. Doob, Andrew Ashworth, Michael Tonry

In contrast to the traditional view of multinational firms as cohesive rational actors maximizing the use of resources across national boundaries, the contributors to this volume argue that they are complex social arenas where competing groups draw on resources from their own socially embedded locations in developing new transnational social relationships. As firms seek to manage across national and institutional boundaries, they stretch their existing capacities and routines and develop new sets of transnational social relationships through different groups competing and cooperating. These processes occur at a number of levels which are explored in different empirical settings. Firstly, at the level of governance, multinational firms may develop conflicts between investors from different national contexts, e.g. between the arms-length orientation of Anglo-Saxon institutional investors and the more committed orientation of investors in certain European and Asian contexts. The tension between opening the firm up for foreign investors in order to have access to more and cheaper capital and the consequent effects on management strategy is explored in a number of chapters. Secondly, at the level of coordinating activities across different sites, multinationals may encourage competition between plants in different countries as well as seeking to transfer best practices. The result may be pressure on managers and employees in certain plants to give up traditional practices and employment rights. Thirdly, multinational firms operate in environments where other forms of coordinating international business activity may also occur, e.g. cartels or the creation of international regulatory activity. They therefore compete for the regulatory space in complex political environments that will enable them to prosper.

Investigations by Baire, Lebesgue, Hausdorff, Marczewski, and othes have culminated invarious schemes for classifying point sets. This important reference/text bringstogether in a single theoretical framework the properties common to these classifications.Providing a clear, thorough overview and analysis of the field, Point Set Theoryutilizes the axiomatically determined notion of a category base for extending generaltopological theorems to a higher level of abstraction ... axiomatically unifies analogiesbetween Baire category and Lebesgue measure . .. enhances understanding of thematerial with numerous examples and discussions of abstract concepts ... and more.Imparting a solid foundation for the modem theory of real functions and associated areas,this authoritative resource is a vital reference for set theorists, logicians, analysts, andresearch mathematicians involved in topology, measure theory, or real analysis. It is anideal text for graduate mathematics students in the above disciplines who havecompleted undergraduate courses in set theory and real analysis.

The publication of the Department of Health White Paper "The Health of the Nation" (1992) and more recently "Our Healthier Nation" (1998) gave emphasis to the importance of nutritional health of the nation at all ages. It is clear that the achievement of specific targets for pregnancy and infancy as set out in the White Paper will involve the training of all health care professionals in nutrition education. This book responds to the challenge and focuses on good nutrition for and during pregnancy, in low birth-weight infants, and during infancy. It has a strong public health emphasis, dealing with health prevention issues for the Nation's younger population. The text is written as a scientific reference book for those seeking to apply science in the support of a successful pregnancy and in the prevention of nutritional problems during foetal and early post-natal life. The importance of optimal nutrition during these periods of life is emphasised by the overwhelming evidence that nutritional problems in early embryonic life may cause congenital malformations and during late foetal life and early post natal life may set the molecular programme for later disease development.

Investigations by Baire, Lebesgue, Hausdorff, Marczewski, and othes have culminated invarious schemes for classifying point sets. This important reference/text bringstogether in a single theoretical framework the properties common to these classifications.Providing a clear, thorough overview and analysis of the field, Point Set Theoryutilizes the axiomatically determined notion of a category base for extending generaltopological theorems to a higher level of abstraction ... axiomatically unifies analogiesbetween Baire category and Lebesgue measure . .. enhances understanding of thematerial with numerous examples and discussions of abstract concepts ... and more.Imparting a solid foundation for the modem theory of real functions and associated areas,this authoritative resource is a vital reference for set theorists, logicians, analysts, andresearch mathematicians involved in topology, measure theory, or real analysis. It is anideal text for graduate mathematics students in the above disciplines who havecompleted undergraduate courses in set theory and real analysis.