Niraj Kumar – författare

Legal, anthropological, and historical literature acknowledges the undisputed presence of multiple legal traditions in India. However, the existence of uniform laws applicable to all citizens, questions plurality at some levels. The existence of multiple non-state legal traditions alongside a proclaimed formal state legal system certainly poses a challenge to the common law identity of the Indian legal system. It is historically acknowledged that colonialism and law share a reciprocal relationship, where law was used for the expansion of colonial rule, and was not an accurate reflection of the needs of society. When common law was introduced in India by the British to better integrate the Indian legal system, they did not refer to the prevailing legal practices of the time. Neither was it an exact appropriation of common law as understood in England. The book argues that this is the underlying cause for the gap between the state legal system and traditional community practices. This is arguably the reason behind preference for non-state legal practices among several communities in India, despite the existence of a formal state legal system. The central theme of the book is that legal systems cannot be seen or studied in isolation of the cultures of groups whose affairs they regulate.

Advances in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development: Feedstocks and Precursors for Catalysts Synthesis provides a roadmap to the sustainable implementation of oxygenated fuels in internal combustion engines through sustainable production, smart distribution and effective utilization. Focusing on the sustainability of feedstocks, the book assesses availability, emissions impact and reduction potential, and biodiversity and land utilization impact. Existing technologies and supply chains are reviewed, and recommendations are provided on how to sustainably implement or update these technologies, including for rural communities.

Furthermore, effective supply and distribution network designs are provided alongside methods for monitoring and assessing their sustainability, accounting for social, economic, environmental and ecological factors. This book guides readers through every aspect of the production and commercialization of sustainable oxygenated fuels for internal combustion engines and their implementation across the global transport industry.

Provides multilevel perspectives on how to facilitate the sustainable production of oxygenated fuel and develop new indices for measuring the effectiveness and sustainability of implementation Recommends a framework and criteria for assessing the suitability, sustainability, and environmental benefits of oxygenated biofuels Describes the fuel properties of all oxygenated fuels and their performance in unmodified and enhanced CI and SI engines

Advances in Oxygenated Fuels for Sustainable Development: Feedstocks and Precursors for Catalysts Synthesis provides a roadmap to the sustainable implementation of oxygenated fuels in internal combustion engines through sustainable production, smart distribution and effective utilization. Focusing on the sustainability of feedstocks, the book assesses availability, emissions impact and reduction potential, and biodiversity and land utilization impact. Existing technologies and supply chains are reviewed, and recommendations are provided on how to sustainably implement or update these technologies, including for rural communities.Furthermore, effective supply and distribution network designs are provided alongside methods for monitoring and assessing their sustainability, accounting for social, economic, environmental and ecological factors. This book guides readers through every aspect of the production and commercialization of sustainable oxygenated fuels for internal combustion engines and their implementation across the global transport industry.- Provides multilevel perspectives on how to facilitate the sustainable production of oxygenated fuel and develop new indices for measuring the effectiveness and sustainability of implementation- Recommends a framework and criteria for assessing the suitability, sustainability, and environmental benefits of oxygenated biofuels- Describes the fuel properties of all oxygenated fuels and their performance in unmodified and enhanced CI and SI engines

The centrality of the Himalayas as a connecting point or perhaps a sacred core for the Asian continent and its civilisations has captivated every explorer and scholar. The Himalaya is the meeting point of two geotectonic plates, three biogeographical realms, two ancient civilisations, two different language streams and six religions.This book is about the determinant factors which are at work in the Himalayas in the context of what it constitutes in terms of its spatiality, legends and myths, religious beliefs, rituals and traditions. The book suggests that there is no single way for understanding the Himalayas. There are layers of structures, imposition and superimposition of human history, religious traits and beliefs that continue to shape the Asian dynamics. An understanding of the ultimate union of the Himalayas, its confluences and its bridging role is essential for Asian balance.This book is a collaborative effort of an internationally acclaimed linguist, a diplomat-cum-geopolitician and a young Asianist. It provides countless themes that will be intellectually stimulating to scholars and students with varied interests.  Please note: This title is co-published with KW Publishers, New Delhi. Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

The centrality of the Himalayas as a connecting point or perhaps a sacred core for the Asian continent and its civilisations has captivated every explorer and scholar. The Himalaya is the meeting point of two geotectonic plates, three biogeographical realms, two ancient civilisations, two different language streams and six religions.This book is about the determinant factors which are at work in the Himalayas in the context of what it constitutes in terms of its spatiality, legends and myths, religious beliefs, rituals and traditions. The book suggests that there is no single way for understanding the Himalayas. There are layers of structures, imposition and superimposition of human history, religious traits and beliefs that continue to shape the Asian dynamics. An understanding of the ultimate union of the Himalayas, its confluences and its bridging role is essential for Asian balance.This book is a collaborative effort of an internationally acclaimed linguist, a diplomat-cum-geopolitician and a young Asianist. It provides countless themes that will be intellectually stimulating to scholars and students with varied interests.  Please note: This title is co-published with KW Publishers, New Delhi. Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

The centrality of the Himalayas as a connecting point or perhaps a sacred core for the Asian continent and its civilisations has captivated every explorer and scholar. The Himalaya is the meeting point of two geotectonic plates, three biogeographical realms, two ancient civilisations, two different language streams and six religions.This book is about the determinant factors which are at work in the Himalayas in the context of what it constitutes in terms of its spatiality, legends and myths, religious beliefs, rituals and traditions. The book suggests that there is no single way for understanding the Himalayas. There are layers of structures, imposition and superimposition of human history, religious traits and beliefs that continue to shape the Asian dynamics. An understanding of the ultimate union of the Himalayas, its confluences and its bridging role is essential for Asian balance.This book is a collaborative effort of an internationally acclaimed linguist, a diplomat-cum-geopolitician and a young Asianist. It provides countless themes that will be intellectually stimulating to scholars and students with varied interests.  Please note: This title is co-published with KW Publishers, New Delhi. Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

Health of the people is the most important indicator of the development of a nation. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (as defined by WHO). The state of health of an individual or population depends upon complex interaction of the physical, biological, political and social domains. The environment affects the human health in a big way. People tend to be most susceptible to illness when physically or mentally stressed. Stress, energy and immunity form a closely knit network. Through his experimental findings, the author has brought out this intricate concept of interdependence of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors in an ecosystem, resulting in an impact on human health, in an explicitly marvelous manner. As a result, a new word “Biogeogens” has been coined, “bio” for living (biotic) , “geo” for non-living (abiotic/geographical/climatic/environment) and “gens” for the interactive proceeds of the two. The content included herein is directly concerned with the societal health and gives a clue to many socio-psycho health problems presently not handled with care. It also defines a multidimensional approach for dealing with many psychosomatic and health problems.

Health of the people is the most important indicator of the development of a nation. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (as defined by WHO). The state of health of an individual or population depends upon complex interaction of the physical, biological, political and social domains. The environment affects the human health in a big way. People tend to be most susceptible to illness when physically or mentally stressed. Stress, energy and immunity form a closely knit network. Through his experimental findings, the author has brought out this intricate concept of interdependence of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors in an ecosystem, resulting in an impact on human health, in an explicitly marvelous manner. As a result, a new word “Biogeogens” has been coined, “bio” for living (biotic) , “geo” for non-living (abiotic/geographical/climatic/environment) and “gens” for the interactive proceeds of the two. The content included herein is directly concerned with the societal health and gives a clue to many socio-psycho health problems presently not handled with care. It also defines a multidimensional approach for dealing with many psychosomatic and health problems.

Thamaa hua Aakash (The sky stood still) is a collection of Hindi poems, written in last 4-5 years, and during the existential turmoil the world has faced, and is still facing.The poems are in clusters. Khabari (Newsmaker) poems are snippets of things, good, bad or ugly,unfolding around us. The unprecedented exodus of migrant labourers, the student unrest in acertain institution, the almost lost struggle with COVID, till the vaccines came along, children wewere unable to save on some excuse or the other, our brave soldiers attaining martyrdom, death ofan ex-prime minister who was a poet and a philosopher, etc.There are short sketches, of mind and matter, in the Laghu Kathayen series. Having come fromBihar-Jharkhand ancestry, the eastern dialect is close to his heart, and the author has put somepoems, emanating from our closely guarded, day to day lives, in the Purabia section. An extension ofthis can be seen in the Gud Kathayen (jaggery tales) section.However, some poems have escaped this process of clustering, and demand independent voice, oftheir own. So, a call has been taken, and they are, just, Nirbandh, literally, un-labelled.I am grateful to my wife, Dr Shikha Mathur Kumar, who is my colleague as well as a prolific painter,for allowing me to use one of her works for the cover design. I grateful to my son, Samvit, for hisinsights. I am grateful to my co-workers, Mr. Sundaresh and Mr Raman, for providing necessarysupport to make this work a reality. I am grateful to Blue Rose publishers and its very supportiveeditorial team for bringing out this poetry collection.This book is dedicated to Shashwat, (10/10/2001-04/03/2019) my younger son, who we lost tosevere illness followed by his heroic struggle for 14 years.Niraj KumarKolkata,January the 3 rd , 2022.

This yearbook is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyseemerging developments, issues, and perspectives across different branches of law. Itconsists of research from scholars around the world with the view that comparativestudy would initiate dialogue on law and legal cultures across jurisdictions. The themesvary from jurisprudence of comparative law and its methodologies to intrinsic detailsof specific laws like memory laws. The sites of the enquiries in different chapters aredifferent legal systems, recent judgements, and aspects of human rights in a comparativeperspective. It comprises seven parts wherein the first part focuses on general themesof comparative law, the second part discusses private law through a comparative lens,and the third, fourth and fifth parts examine aspects of public law with special focuson constitutional law, human rights and economic laws. The sixth part engages withcriminal law and the last part of the book covers recent developments in the field ofcomparative law. This book intends to trigger a discussion on issues of comparativelaw from the vantage point of Global South, not only focusing on the Global North.It examines legal systems of countries from far-east and sub-continent and presentsinsights on their working. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding ofthe working of law, legal systems and legal cultures, adding to existing deliberationson the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This yearbook is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyseemerging developments, issues, and perspectives across different branches of law. Itconsists of research from scholars around the world with the view that comparativestudy would initiate dialogue on law and legal cultures across jurisdictions. The themesvary from jurisprudence of comparative law and its methodologies to intrinsic detailsof specific laws like memory laws. The sites of the enquiries in different chapters aredifferent legal systems, recent judgements, and aspects of human rights in a comparativeperspective. It comprises seven parts wherein the first part focuses on general themesof comparative law, the second part discusses private law through a comparative lens,and the third, fourth and fifth parts examine aspects of public law with special focuson constitutional law, human rights and economic laws. The sixth part engages withcriminal law and the last part of the book covers recent developments in the field ofcomparative law. This book intends to trigger a discussion on issues of comparativelaw from the vantage point of Global South, not only focusing on the Global North.It examines legal systems of countries from far-east and sub-continent and presentsinsights on their working. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding ofthe working of law, legal systems and legal cultures, adding to existing deliberationson the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This yearbook is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyseemerging developments, issues, and perspectives across different branches of law. Itconsists of research from scholars around the world with the view that comparativestudy would initiate dialogue on law and legal cultures across jurisdictions. The themesvary from jurisprudence of comparative law and its methodologies to intrinsic detailsof specific laws like memory laws. The sites of the enquiries in different chapters aredifferent legal systems, recent judgements, and aspects of human rights in a comparativeperspective. It comprises seven parts wherein the first part focuses on general themesof comparative law, the second part discusses private law through a comparative lens,and the third, fourth and fifth parts examine aspects of public law with special focuson constitutional law, human rights and economic laws. The sixth part engages withcriminal law and the last part of the book covers recent developments in the field ofcomparative law. This book intends to trigger a discussion on issues of comparativelaw from the vantage point of Global South, not only focusing on the Global North.It examines legal systems of countries from far-east and sub-continent and presentsinsights on their working. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding ofthe working of law, legal systems and legal cultures, adding to existing deliberationson the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This book explores the dilemmas posed by globalisation in various aspects of law. It covers diverse themes, ranging from the impact of different legislative measures, bilateral and regional agreements in the context of trade, investment and mobility of labour, to concerns about sustainability, equity, regional balance and social security in the light of globalisation. Although it focuses mainly on India and the European Union, the issues raised and challenges discussed are of a general nature, and as such relevant in the broader context. The chapters address contemporary problems in trade, investment and labour mobility, which have emerged through the complex interaction of market, state policies and socio-environmental concerns, and are expressed on national and global platforms in the context of evolving legal system. The book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and academics engaged in comparative legal studies, particularly those interested in studying the interplay ofglobalisation with various areas and aspects of law at national as well as international levels. It also appeals to anyone interested in law and policy studies.

This book explores the dilemmas posed by globalisation in various aspects of law. It covers diverse themes, ranging from the impact of different legislative measures, bilateral and regional agreements in the context of trade, investment and mobility of labour, to concerns about sustainability, equity, regional balance and social security in the light of globalisation. Although it focuses mainly on India and the European Union, the issues raised and challenges discussed are of a general nature, and as such relevant in the broader context. The chapters address contemporary problems in trade, investment and labour mobility, which have emerged through the complex interaction of market, state policies and socio-environmental concerns, and are expressed on national and global platforms in the context of evolving legal system. The book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and academics engaged in comparative legal studies, particularly those interested in studying the interplay ofglobalisation with various areas and aspects of law at national as well as international levels. It also appeals to anyone interested in law and policy studies.

The book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and academics engaged in comparative legal studies, particularly those interested in studying the interplay ofglobalisation with various areas and aspects of law at national as well as international levels.

This book comprises the select proceedings of the International Conference on Future Learning Aspects of Mechanical Engineering (FLAME) 2020. This volume focuses on several emerging interdisciplinary areas involving mechanical engineering. Some of the topics covered include automobile engineering, mechatronics, applied mechanics, structural mechanics, hydraulic mechanics, human vibration, biomechanics, biomedical Instrumentation, ergonomics, biodynamic modeling, nuclear engineering, and agriculture engineering. The contents of this book will be useful for students, researchers as well as professionals interested in interdisciplinary topics of mechanical engineering.

This book comprises the select proceedings of the International Conference on Future Learning Aspects of Mechanical Engineering (FLAME) 2020. This volume focuses on several emerging interdisciplinary areas involving mechanical engineering. Some of the topics covered include automobile engineering, mechatronics, applied mechanics, structural mechanics, hydraulic mechanics, human vibration, biomechanics, biomedical Instrumentation, ergonomics, biodynamic modeling, nuclear engineering, and agriculture engineering. The contents of this book will be useful for students, researchers as well as professionals interested in interdisciplinary topics of mechanical engineering.

This book is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyze emerging developments, issues, and perspectives in the field of comparative law, especially in the field of comparative constitutional law. The book discusses limits and challenges of  comparativism, comparative aspects of arbitral awards, cross-border consumer disputes, online hate speech, authoritarian constitutions, issues related to legal transplants, the indispensability of the idea of the concept of Rechtsstaat, interdisciplinary challenges of comparative environmental law, free exercise of religions, public interest litigation, constitutional interpretation and developments, and sustainable development in model BITs. It comprises seven parts, wherein the first part focuses on general themes of comparative law, the second part discusses private law through a comparative lens, and the third, fourth, and fifth parts examine aspects of public law with special focus on constitutional law, human rights, environmental law, and economic laws. The last part of the book covers recent developments in the field of comparative law. The book intends to seamlessly tie together discussions on both public and private law aspects of comparative law. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding of the working of law, legal systems, and legal cultures while aiding deliberations on the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This book is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyze emerging developments, issues, and perspectives in the field of comparative law, especially in the field of comparative constitutional law. The book discusses limits and challenges of  comparativism, comparative aspects of arbitral awards, cross-border consumer disputes, online hate speech, authoritarian constitutions, issues related to legal transplants, the indispensability of the idea of the concept of Rechtsstaat, interdisciplinary challenges of comparative environmental law, free exercise of religions, public interest litigation, constitutional interpretation and developments, and sustainable development in model BITs. It comprises seven parts, wherein the first part focuses on general themes of comparative law, the second part discusses private law through a comparative lens, and the third, fourth, and fifth parts examine aspects of public law with special focus on constitutional law, human rights, environmental law, and economic laws. The last part of the book covers recent developments in the field of comparative law. The book intends to seamlessly tie together discussions on both public and private law aspects of comparative law. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding of the working of law, legal systems, and legal cultures while aiding deliberations on the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This book is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyze emerging developments, issues, and perspectives in the field of comparative law, especially in the field of comparative constitutional law. The book discusses limits and challenges of  comparativism, comparative aspects of arbitral awards, cross-border consumer disputes, online hate speech, authoritarian constitutions, issues related to legal transplants, the indispensability of the idea of the concept of Rechtsstaat, interdisciplinary challenges of comparative environmental law, free exercise of religions, public interest litigation, constitutional interpretation and developments, and sustainable development in model BITs. It comprises seven parts, wherein the first part focuses on general themes of comparative law, the second part discusses private law through a comparative lens, and the third, fourth, and fifth parts examine aspects of public law with special focus on constitutional law, human rights, environmental law, and economic laws. The last part of the book covers recent developments in the field of comparative law. The book intends to seamlessly tie together discussions on both public and private law aspects of comparative law. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding of the working of law, legal systems, and legal cultures while aiding deliberations on the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This yearbook is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyse emerging developments, issues, and perspectives in the field of comparative law. It comprises three parts wherein the first part focuses on public law and its related issues, the second part engages with issues in the field of private law, and the third part discusses general themes in comparative law. The yearbook includes papers on comparative study between universalism and Asian exceptionalism under human rights perspective, reclaiming the German concept of the rule of law “Rechtsstaat”, the Guarantee Clause in global constitutionalism, administrative justice, constitution and culture, and the category of the ’stranger’ in modern legal and political thought. The Yearbook touches upon various issues, e.g., forest protection and the idea of Justice, the application of defamation law on politicians, the intersection of customary law relating to child marriage in different countries, hybrid statehood and Buddhist nationalism. Further, scholarly work on the themes of comparative law, customary law, environmental law, and constitutional law is also highlighted.The yearbook intends to seamlessly tie together discussions on both public and private law aspects of comparative law. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding of the working of the law, legal systems and legal cultures while aiding deliberations on the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This yearbook is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyse emerging developments, issues, and perspectives in the field of comparative law. It comprises three parts wherein the first part focuses on public law and its related issues, the second part engages with issues in the field of private law, and the third part discusses general themes in comparative law. The yearbook includes papers on comparative study between universalism and Asian exceptionalism under human rights perspective, reclaiming the German concept of the rule of law “Rechtsstaat”, the Guarantee Clause in global constitutionalism, administrative justice, constitution and culture, and the category of the ’stranger’ in modern legal and political thought. The Yearbook touches upon various issues, e.g., forest protection and the idea of Justice, the application of defamation law on politicians, the intersection of customary law relating to child marriage in different countries, hybrid statehood and Buddhist nationalism. Further, scholarly work on the themes of comparative law, customary law, environmental law, and constitutional law is also highlighted.The yearbook intends to seamlessly tie together discussions on both public and private law aspects of comparative law. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding of the working of the law, legal systems and legal cultures while aiding deliberations on the constituents of an ideal system of law.

This yearbook is a compilation of thematically arranged essays that critically analyse emerging developments, issues, and perspectives in the field of comparative law. It comprises three parts wherein the first part focuses on public law and its related issues, the second part engages with issues in the field of private law, and the third part discusses general themes in comparative law. The yearbook includes papers on comparative study between universalism and Asian exceptionalism under human rights perspective, reclaiming the German concept of the rule of law “Rechtsstaat”, the Guarantee Clause in global constitutionalism, administrative justice, constitution and culture, and the category of the ’stranger’ in modern legal and political thought. The Yearbook touches upon various issues, e.g., forest protection and the idea of Justice, the application of defamation law on politicians, the intersection of customary law relating to child marriage in different countries, hybrid statehood and Buddhist nationalism. Further, scholarly work on the themes of comparative law, customary law, environmental law, and constitutional law is also highlighted.The yearbook intends to seamlessly tie together discussions on both public and private law aspects of comparative law. It encourages readers to gain a nuanced understanding of the working of the law, legal systems and legal cultures while aiding deliberations on the constituents of an ideal system of law.