For most of the vast span of human history, economic growth was all but nonexistent. Then, about two centuries ago, some nations began to emerge from this epoch of economic stagnation, experiencing sustained economic growth that led to significant increases in standards of living and profoundly altered the level and distribution of wealth, population, education, and health across the globe. The question ever since has been--why? This is the first book to put forward a unified theory of economic growth that accounts for the entire growth process, from the dawn of civilization to today. Oded Galor, who founded the field of unified growth theory, identifies the historical and prehistorical forces behind the differential transition timing from stagnation to growth and the emergence of income disparity around the world. Galor shows how the interaction between technological progress and population ultimately raised the importance of education in coping with the rapidly changing technological environment, brought about significant reduction in fertility rates, and enabled some economies to devote greater resources toward a steady increase in per capita income, paving the way for sustained economic growth.

Brought to you by Penguin.*** Includes a recording of the Intelligence Squared event, featuring Oded Galor in conversation with Kamal Ahmed *** THE INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER''Masterful. Galor answers the ultimate mystery'' LEWIS DARTNELL''Completely brilliant and utterly original'' JON SNOW''Astounding in scope and insight'' NOURIEL ROUBINIThe stunning advances that have transformed human experience in recent centuries are no accident of history - they are the result of universal and timeless forces, operating since the dawn of our species. Drawing on a lifetime''s scientific investigation, Oded Galor''s ground-breaking new vision identifies these keys to human progress, overturning a host of long-held assumptions and revealing the deeper causes that have shaped the journey of humanity:Education rather than industrialisationFamily size and gender equality as much as inventions and technologyGeography and diversity rather than wars, disease and famine*''Unparalleled in its scope and ambition . . . All readers will learn something'' Washington Post''A magisterial, suspense-filled thriller full of surprises and profound insights'' Glenn C. Loury''An inspiring, readable, jargon-free and almost impossibly erudite masterwork'' New Statesman''If you need an evidence-based antidote to doomscrolling, here it is'' Guardian© Oded Galor 2022 (P) Penguin Audio 2022

This book provides an introduction to discrete dynamical systems – a framework of analysis that is commonly used in the fields of biology, demography, ecology, economics, engineering, finance, and physics. The book characterizes the fundamental factors that govern the quantitative and qualitative trajectories of a variety of deterministic, discrete dynamical systems, providing solution methods for systems that can be solved analytically and methods of qualitative analysis for those systems that do not permit or necessitate an explicit solution. The analysis focuses initially on the characterization of the factors that govern the evolution of state variables in the elementary context of one-dimensional, first-order, linear, autonomous systems. The fundamental insights about the forces that affect the evolution of these elementary systems are subsequently generalized, and the determinants of the trajectories of multi-dimensional, nonlinear, higher-order, non-autonomous dynamical systems are established. Chapter 1 focuses on the analysis of the evolution of state variables in one-dimensional, first-order, autonomous systems. It introduces a method of solution for these systems, and it characterizes the trajectory of a state variable, in relation to a steady-state equilibrium of the system, examining the local and global (asymptotic) stability of this steady-state equilibrium. The first part of the chapter characterizes the factors that determine the existence, uniqueness and stability of a steady-state equilibrium in the elementary context of one-dimensional, first-order, linear autonomous systems.

Ihminen on lajeista rikkain

Palkittu israelilaisekonomisti Oded Galor pohtii tietokirjassaan Ihmiskunnan nousu, miten ihminen onnistui saavuttamaan ennennäkemättömän elintason ja miksi vauraus on jakautunut maapallolla niin epätasaisesti.

Vuosituhansien ajan ihmiskunta lisääntyi, levittäytyi uusille elinalueille ja pyrki parantamaan elinolosuhteitaan mutta pitkällä tähtäimellä epäonnistui pyrkimyksessään. Teknologisesta kehityksestä huolimatta väestönkasvu piti huolen siitä, ettei ruokaa riittänyt aiempaa enempää. Ihmiskunta ponnisteli köyhyysansassa.

1700-luvun loppupuolella tilanne alkoi muuttua. Teollistumisen myötä Länsi-Euroopassa elintaso alkoi nousta väestönkasvusta huolimatta. Ihmiskunnan nousussa yhtenä aikamme kiinnostavimpana ajattelijana pidetty taloustieteilijä Oded Galor esittää syitä, jotka tähän vaikuttivat. Teoksessaan Galor pohtii myös sitä, miksi hyvinvointi on jakautunut maapallolla epätasaisesti ja mikseivät länsimaailman kehitysaputoimet useinkaan tuota haluttua lopputulosta.

Etsiessään vastauksia ihmiskunnan nousun ja epätasa-arvon kysymyksiin Galor yhdistää kirjassaan taloustiedettä, historiaa, arkeologiaa, antropologiaa, matematiikkaa ja luonnontieteitä. Tuloksena on silmiä avaava lukuelämys.

For most of the vast span of human history, economic growth was all but nonexistent. Then, about two centuries ago, some nations began to emerge from this epoch of economic stagnation, experiencing sustained economic growth that led to significant increases in standards of living and profoundly altered the level and distribution of wealth, population, education, and health across the globe. The question ever since has been--why? This is the first book to put forward a unified theory of economic growth that accounts for the entire growth process, from the dawn of civilization to today. Oded Galor, who founded the field of unified growth theory, identifies the historical and prehistorical forces behind the differential transition timing from stagnation to growth and the emergence of income disparity around the world. Galor shows how the interaction between technological progress and population ultimately raised the importance of education in coping with the rapidly changing technological environment, brought about significant reduction in fertility rates, and enabled some economies to devote greater resources toward a steady increase in per capita income, paving the way for sustained economic growth.

Brought to you by Penguin.*** Includes a recording of the Intelligence Squared event, featuring Oded Galor in conversation with Kamal Ahmed *** THE INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER''Masterful. Galor answers the ultimate mystery'' LEWIS DARTNELL''Completely brilliant and utterly original'' JON SNOW''Astounding in scope and insight'' NOURIEL ROUBINIThe stunning advances that have transformed human experience in recent centuries are no accident of history - they are the result of universal and timeless forces, operating since the dawn of our species. Drawing on a lifetime''s scientific investigation, Oded Galor''s ground-breaking new vision identifies these keys to human progress, overturning a host of long-held assumptions and revealing the deeper causes that have shaped the journey of humanity:Education rather than industrialisationFamily size and gender equality as much as inventions and technologyGeography and diversity rather than wars, disease and famine*''Unparalleled in its scope and ambition . . . All readers will learn something'' Washington Post''A magisterial, suspense-filled thriller full of surprises and profound insights'' Glenn C. Loury''An inspiring, readable, jargon-free and almost impossibly erudite masterwork'' New Statesman''If you need an evidence-based antidote to doomscrolling, here it is'' Guardian© Oded Galor 2022 (P) Penguin Audio 2022

This book provides an introduction to discrete dynamical systems – a framework of analysis that is commonly used in the fields of biology, demography, ecology, economics, engineering, finance, and physics. The book characterizes the fundamental factors that govern the quantitative and qualitative trajectories of a variety of deterministic, discrete dynamical systems, providing solution methods for systems that can be solved analytically and methods of qualitative analysis for those systems that do not permit or necessitate an explicit solution. The analysis focuses initially on the characterization of the factors that govern the evolution of state variables in the elementary context of one-dimensional, first-order, linear, autonomous systems. The fundamental insights about the forces that affect the evolution of these elementary systems are subsequently generalized, and the determinants of the trajectories of multi-dimensional, nonlinear, higher-order, non-autonomous dynamical systems are established. Chapter 1 focuses on the analysis of the evolution of state variables in one-dimensional, first-order, autonomous systems. It introduces a method of solution for these systems, and it characterizes the trajectory of a state variable, in relation to a steady-state equilibrium of the system, examining the local and global (asymptotic) stability of this steady-state equilibrium. The first part of the chapter characterizes the factors that determine the existence, uniqueness and stability of a steady-state equilibrium in the elementary context of one-dimensional, first-order, linear autonomous systems.

Ihminen on lajeista rikkain

Palkittu israelilaisekonomisti Oded Galor pohtii tietokirjassaan Ihmiskunnan nousu, miten ihminen onnistui saavuttamaan ennennäkemättömän elintason ja miksi vauraus on jakautunut maapallolla niin epätasaisesti.

Vuosituhansien ajan ihmiskunta lisääntyi, levittäytyi uusille elinalueille ja pyrki parantamaan elinolosuhteitaan mutta pitkällä tähtäimellä epäonnistui pyrkimyksessään. Teknologisesta kehityksestä huolimatta väestönkasvu piti huolen siitä, ettei ruokaa riittänyt aiempaa enempää. Ihmiskunta ponnisteli köyhyysansassa.

1700-luvun loppupuolella tilanne alkoi muuttua. Teollistumisen myötä Länsi-Euroopassa elintaso alkoi nousta väestönkasvusta huolimatta. Ihmiskunnan nousussa yhtenä aikamme kiinnostavimpana ajattelijana pidetty taloustieteilijä Oded Galor esittää syitä, jotka tähän vaikuttivat. Teoksessaan Galor pohtii myös sitä, miksi hyvinvointi on jakautunut maapallolla epätasaisesti ja mikseivät länsimaailman kehitysaputoimet useinkaan tuota haluttua lopputulosta.

Etsiessään vastauksia ihmiskunnan nousun ja epätasa-arvon kysymyksiin Galor yhdistää kirjassaan taloustiedettä, historiaa, arkeologiaa, antropologiaa, matematiikkaa ja luonnontieteitä. Tuloksena on silmiä avaava lukuelämys.