Per-Olof H. Wikstrom – Författare

Why do young people engage in acts of crime and what is it that drives their criminal careers? These are the key questions addressed in Character, Circumstances, and Criminal Careers which explores and explains people's criminal careers through adolescence into young adulthood. Guided by Situational Action Theory (SAT)'s Developmental Ecological Action (DEA) model, the work analyses longitudinal data from the Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study (PADS+), testing various hypotheses about the causes and drivers of people's crime involvement and criminal careers. Character, Circumstances, and Criminal Careers makes an argument for a more dynamic Developmental and Life Course criminology (DLC) by theorising and exploring the relationship between individual characteristics and environmental features and their changes across adolescence and into young adulthood. The book considers whether childhood predictors, such as social disadvantage and social adversity, affect different trajectories of crime involvement. It also presents a special analysis of the age-crime curve and its explanation. The book includes the most recent and updated statement of Situational Action Theory and its DEA model, including comparisons between the basic assumptions and propositions of SAT and selected major criminological theories (social bond and self-control theories, differential association and learning theories, rational choice theory and the theory of moral disengagement).Character, Circumstances and Criminal Careers presents an original theory, a uniquely detailed contemporary longitudinal study, and novel research methods and analytical techniques, and applies these to derive innovative findings about the relationship between individual and environmental factors across a critical developmental period.

This book examines young people's involvement in crime (including crimes of violence, vandalism, shoplifting, burglary and car crime) as both victims and offenders. Although adolescence is the time when involvement in crime peaks, few previous UK-based studies have attempted to provide a methodical and comprehensive understanding of adolescent offending on a city-wide basis. This book seeks a better understanding of adolescent crime by studying the relationship between individual characteristics (social bonds and morality and self-control) and lifestyles (as defined by delinquent peers, substance use and exposure to risky behaviour settings) and their joint influence on adolescent involvement in crime, against the backdrop of the juveniles' social context - taking into account family, school and neighbourhood influences. The findings of this study suggest the existence of three main groups of adolescent offenders; propensity induced offenders, life-style dependent offenders and situationally limited offenders, groups of offenders having different causal backgrounds to their crime involvement, and who therefore may warrant different strategies for effective prevention.