Peter Øhrstrøm - Böcker

This text deals with the history of temporal logic as well as the crucial systematic questions within the field. The book studies the contributions from ancient and medieval philosophy up to the downfall of temporal logic in the Renaissance. The modern rediscovery of the subject, which is especially due to the work of A.N. Prior, is described, leading into a thorough discussion of the use of temporal logic in computer science and the understanding of natural language. The book thus aims to interweave linguistic, philosophical and computational aspects into an informative whole.

This book is an edited collection of papers from international experts in philosophy and psychology concerned with time. The collection aims to bridge the gap between these disciplines by focussing on five key themes and providing philosophical and psychological perspectives on each theme.The first theme is the concept of time. The discussion ranges from the folk concept of time to the notion of time in logic, philosophy and psychology. The second theme concerns the notion of present in the philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and psychology. The third theme relates to continuity and flow of time in mind. One of the key questions in this section is how the apparent temporal continuity of conscious experience relates to the possibly discrete character of underlying neural processes. The fourth theme is the timing of experiences, with a focus on the perception of simultaneity and illusions of temporal order. Such effects are treated as test cases for hypotheses about the relationship between the subjective temporal order of experience and the objective order of neural events. The fifth and the final theme of the volume is time and intersubjectivity. This section examines the role of time in interpersonal coordination and in the development of social skills.The collection will appeal to both psychologists and philosophers, but also to researchers from other disciplines who seek an accessible overview of the research on time in psychology and philosophy.

This book is an edited collection of papers from international experts in philosophy and psychology concerned with time.

Until recently, mostsoftwareapplications and technologiesweredeveloped wi- out much thought to how they in?uenced their users. This perspective is cha- ing.Today,industryexpertsandacademicsareembracingapurposefulapproach to persuasive design. In an industry context, designing for persuasion is bec- ingessentialforsuccess.Inacademicsettings,thestudyofpersuasivetechnology illuminates the principles that in?uence and motivate people in di?erent aspects of their lives. Persuasive technology is rapidly growing into a major discipline, sometimes referred to as captology or the study of computers as persuasive technologies. The previous Persuasive conferences held in Eindhoven (2006) and Stanford (2007) were infused with an energetic spirit and a large attendance, including representatives from both academia and industry. Persuasive 2008, hosted in Oulu, Finland in early June, was jointly or- nized by the University of Oulu, Finland and Aalborg University,Denmark. The northern location of Oulu, only some two hours away from the Arctic Circle, o?ers sunlight 24 hours a day, allowing conference participants to experience the midnight sun.This three-day conference placed persuasive technology on a ?rm scienti?c footing with an emphasis on social, psychological, rhetorical and ethical issues. Featuring full and short papers, posters and panels, Persuasive2008 highlighted new knowledge in the understanding and design of persuasive technology. The event brought together researchers, practitioners, and industry professionals - terested in this important new ?eld. Research themes of the conference included motivationaltechnology,persuasivegames,smartenvironments,Web2.0, mobile persuasion, well-being and health behavior. In addition, attendees and part- ipants explored the theory and ethics of persuasive technology, social and - ganizational issues, business models for persuasive systems, and conceptual and theoretical approaches.

The basic claim of intelligent design is that some significant problems inherent in the core of the scientific theories about the origin of life are being neglected in the mainstream of modern epistemology, scientific thinking, and philosophy of science. The advocates of the intelligent design hold that certain features of the universe and of living things can only be explained by an intelligent cause, not just be reference to an undirected process such as natural selection. They also hold that a proper description of nature should include the notion of 'purpose' i.e. that teleological descriptions should not in principle be excluded from the scientific literature. A great majority of the scientific community rejects the scientific validity and relevance of these claims. On the other hand, the idea of intelligent design has given rise to some interesting epistemological, methodological, and ontological questions, which are relevant for the formulation and understanding of science. In this book a group of scientists and philosophers discuss these questions. Some of the authors defend the basic ideas of intelligent design while others oppose these ideas.