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It is an indisputable argument that the formulation of metrics (by Fréchet in the early 1900s) opened a new subject in mathematics called non-linear analysis after the appearance of Banach’s fixed point theorem. Because the underlying space of this theorem is a metric space, the theory that developed following its publication is known as metric fixed point theory. It is well known that metric fixed point theory provides essential tools for solving problems arising in various branches of mathematics and other sciences such as split feasibility problems, variational inequality problems, non-linear optimization problems, equilibrium problems, selection and matching problems, and problems of proving the existence of solutions of integral and differential equations are closely related to fixed point theory. For this reason, many people over the past seventy years have tried to generalize the definition of metric space and corresponding fixed point theory. This trend still continues. A few questions lying at the heart of the theory remain open and there are many unanswered questions regarding the limits to which the theory may be extended.Metric Structures and Fixed Point Theory provides an extensive understanding and the latest updates on the subject. The book not only shows diversified aspects of popular generalizations of metric spaces such as symmetric, b-metric, w-distance, G-metric, modular metric, probabilistic metric, fuzzy metric, graphical metric and corresponding fixed point theory but also motivates work on existing open problems on the subject. Each of the nine chapters—contributed by various authors—contains an Introduction section which summarizes the material needed to read the chapter independently of the others and contains the necessary background, several examples, and comprehensive literature to comprehend the concepts presented therein. This is helpful for those who want to pursue their research career in metric fixed point theory and its related areas. Features Explores the latest research and developments in fixed point theory on the most popular generalizations of metric spaces Description of various generalizations of metric spaces Very new topics on fixed point theory in graphical and modular metric spaces Enriched with examples and open problemsThis book serves as a reference for scientific investigators who need to analyze a simple and direct presentation of the fundamentals of the theory of metric fixed points. It may also be used as a text book for postgraduate and research students who are trying to derive future research scope in this area.

This book focusing on Metric fixed point theory is designed to provide an extensive understanding of the topic with the latest updates. It provides a good source of references, open questions and new approaches. While the book is principally addressed to graduate students, it is also intended to be useful to mathematicians, both pure and applied.

This book explores soft computing techniques in a systematic manner starting from their initial stage to recent developments in this area. The book presents a survey of the existing knowledge and the current state-of-the-art development through cutting-edge original new contributions from the researchers. Soft Computing: Recent Advances and Applications in Engineering and Mathematical Sciences presents a survey of the existing knowledge and the current state-of-the-art development through cutting-edge original new contributions from the researchers.As suggested by the title, this book particularly focuses on the recent advances and applications of soft computing techniques in engineering and mathematical sciences. Chapter 1 describes the contribution of soft computing techniques towards a new paradigm shift. The subsequent chapters present a systematic application of fuzzy logic in mathematical sciences and decision-making. New research directions are also provided at the end of each chapter. The application of soft computing in health sciences and in the modeling of epidemics including the effects of vaccination are also examined. Sustainability of green product development, optimum design of 3D steel frame, digitalization investment analysis in the maritime industry, forecasting return rates of individual pension funds are among some of the topics where engineering and industrial applications of soft computing have been studied in the book. The readers of this book will require minimum prerequisites of undergraduate studies in computation and mathematics.This book is meant for graduate students, faculty, and researchers who are applying soft computing in engineering and mathematics. New research directions are also provided at the end of each chapter.

This book explores soft computing techniques in a systematic manner starting from their initial stage to recent developments in this area. The book presents a survey of the existing knowledge and the current state-of-the-art development through cutting-edge original new contributions from the researchers. Soft Computing: Recent Advances and Applications in Engineering and Mathematical Sciences presents a survey of the existing knowledge and the current state-of-the-art development through cutting-edge original new contributions from the researchers.As suggested by the title, this book particularly focuses on the recent advances and applications of soft computing techniques in engineering and mathematical sciences. Chapter 1 describes the contribution of soft computing techniques towards a new paradigm shift. The subsequent chapters present a systematic application of fuzzy logic in mathematical sciences and decision-making. New research directions are also provided at the end of each chapter. The application of soft computing in health sciences and in the modeling of epidemics including the effects of vaccination are also examined. Sustainability of green product development, optimum design of 3D steel frame, digitalization investment analysis in the maritime industry, forecasting return rates of individual pension funds are among some of the topics where engineering and industrial applications of soft computing have been studied in the book. The readers of this book will require minimum prerequisites of undergraduate studies in computation and mathematics.This book is meant for graduate students, faculty, and researchers who are applying soft computing in engineering and mathematics. New research directions are also provided at the end of each chapter.

Presently, the exploration of the applications of different techniques and tools of number theory and mathematical analysis are extensively prevalent in various areas of engineering, mathematical, physical, biological and statistical sciences. This book will present the most recent developments in these two fields through contributions from eminent scientists and mathematicians worldwide.The book will present the current state of the art development in these two areas through original new contributions and surveys. As such, readers will find several useful tools and techniques to develop their skills and expertise in number theory and applied analysis. New research directions are also indicated in each of the chapters. This book is meant for graduate students, faculty and researchers willing to expand their knowledge in number theory and mathematical analysis. The readers of this book will require minimum prerequisites of analysis, topology, number theory and functional analysis.

This book collects chapters on fixed-point theory and fractional calculus and their applications in science and engineering. This book is meant for graduate students and researchers willing to expand their knowledge in these areas.