R. Scott Appleby - Böcker

Featuring numerous case studies from various contexts and traditions, The Oxford Handbook of Religion, Conflict, and Peacebuilding brings together a diverse array of scholars to grapple with the tension between theory and practice, cultural theory, and the legacy of the liberal peace paradigm. This innovative Handbook offers provocative, elastic, and context-specific insights for strategic peacebuilding processes.

The book provides a comprehensive and interdisciplinary account of the scholarship on religion, conflict, and peacebuilding. Extending the scope of inquiry beyond previous parameters, the volume engages deeply with the legacies of colonialism, missionary activism, secularism, orientalism, and liberalism as they relate to the discussion of religion, violence, and nonviolent transformation and resistance. Featuring diverse case studies from various contexts and traditions, the volume is organized thematically into five different parts. It begins with an up-to-date mapping of scholarship on religion and violence, and religion and peace. The second part explores the challenges related to developing secularist theories on peace and nationalism. In addition, this section broadens the discussion of violence to include an analysis of cultural and structural forms, thereby expanding the scope of potential scholarship pertinent to the analysis of religion. The third part engages with the controversies within religion and development, religious-violent and nonviolent-militancy, religion and the legitimate use of force, the protection of the freedom of religion as a keystone of peacebuilding, and theories about gender and peacebuilding. The fourth part highlights peacebuilding in practice by focusing on constructive resources within various traditions, the transformative role of rituals, spiritual practices involved in the formation of peace-builders in contexts of acute violence, youth and interfaith activism in American university campuses, religion and solidarity activism, scriptural reasoning as a peacebuilding practice, and an extended reflection on the history and legacy of missionary peacebuilding. The conclusion looks to the future of peacebuilding scholarship and the possibilities for new growth and progress. Bringing together a diverse array of scholars, this innovative Handbook grapples with the tension between theory and practice, cultural theory, and the legacy of the liberal peace paradigm, offering provocative, elastic, and context-specific insights for strategic peacebuilding processes.

Since the September 11 terrorist attacks against the United States, religious fundamentalism has dominated public debate as never before. Policymakers, educators and the general public all want to know: Why do fundamentalist movements turn violent? Are fundamentalisms a global threat to human rights, security and democratic forms of government? What is the future of fundamentalism? To answer questions like these, "Strong Religion" draws on the results of the Fundamentalism Project, a decade-long interdisciplinary study of antimodernist, antisecular militant religious movements on five continents and within seven religious traditions. The authors of this study analyze the various social structures, cultural contexts and political environments in which fundamentalist movements have emerged around the world, from the Islamic Hamas and Hizbullah to the Catholic and Protestant paramilitaries of Northern Ireland, and from the Moral Majority and Christian Coalition of the United states to the Sikh radicals and Hindu nationalists of India.Offering a vividly detailed portrait of the cultures that nourish such movements, "Strong Religion" describes different modes of fundamentalism and identifies the kinds of historical events that can trigger them. For anyone who wants to understand why fundamentalist movements arise and what makes them turn violent, "Strong Religion" should be essential reading.

This volume is an encyclopedic introduction to movements of religious reaction in the twentieth century. The fourteen chapters are thematically linked by a common set of concerns: the social, political, cultural, and religious contexts in which these movements were born; the particular world-views, systems of thought, and beliefs that govern each movement; the ways in which leaders and group members make sense of and respond to the challenges of the modern, postcolonial era in world history. The contributors include sociologists, cultural anthropologists, and historians, some of whom have been participant-observers in the groups under consideration. As an analysis of the global resurgence of religion, Fundamentalisms Observed sheds new light on current religious movements and cultures from North America to the Far East.

Around the world, fundamentalist movements are profoundly affecting the way we live. Misinformation and misperception about fundamentalism exacerbate conflicts at home and abroad. Here The Fundamentalism Project has brought together 15 historians, sociologists, political scientists and scholars of education and international relations for a discussion of the advances made by anti-secular religious movements, showing the impact these movements have had on human relations, education, women's rights and scientific research. The essays consider developments within the religious traditions of Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Buddhism and Hinduism in over a dozen nations.

Focusing on fundamentalist movements on five continents and within six religions, this volume considers the effect that antisecular religious movements have had since 1970 on national economies, political parties, constitutional issues and international relations. Drawn from anthropology, sociology, history of religion and history of science, the contributors to this volume examine an exhaustive set of issues including the anti-abortion movement in the United Sates, Operation Rescue, women in Iran and Pakistan, the Islamic war of resistance in Afghanistan, the creationist cosmos of Protestant fundamentalism and Shi'ite jurisprudence in Iran.

Accounting for Fundamentalisms features treatments of fundamentalist movements, groups that often make headlines but are rarely understood, as part of the multivolume Fundamentalism Project. This book remains a standard reference source for comprehending the dynamics of fundamentalist movements around the world. Surveying fundamentalist movements in Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, and Buddhism, the contributors to Accounting for Fundamentalisms describe the organization of these movements, their leadership and recruiting techniques, and the ways in which their ideological programs and organizational structures shift over time in response to changing political and social environments.

In this fifth volume of the Fundamentalism Project, Fundamentalisms Comprehended, the distinguished contributors return to and test the endeavor's beginning premise: that fundamentalisms in all faiths share certain "family resemblances." Several of the essays reconsider the project's original definition of fundamentalism as a reactive, absolutist, and comprehensive mode of anti-secular religious activism. The book concludes with a capstone statement by R. Scott Appleby, Emmanuel Sivan, and Gabriel Almond that builds upon the entire Fundamentalism Project. Identifying different categories of fundamentalist movements, and delineating four distinct patterns of fundamentalist behavior toward outsiders, this statement provides an explanatory framework for understanding and comparing fundamentalisms around the world.

This comprehensive study offers the first book-length examination of the influence of modernism on the intellectual life of the American Catholic community at the beginning of the twentieth century. R. Scott Appleby chronicles the story from 1895, when American Catholic priest John Zahm attempted to reconcile post-Darwinian theories of evolution with Catholic theism, to 1910, when former priest and radical Modernist William L. Sullivan published his Letters to His Holiness Pope Pius X, repudiating Roman authority.Appleby focuses on the ways in which certain priests, scientists, and scholars approached the vital topics of the day-human evolution, the salience of democratic principles and institutions for the vitality of Catholicism, the role of the will and intellect in the assent of faith-by appropriating the insights of the European Catholic Modernists. The Americans probed beyond the limits of the dominant Roman neo-scholasticism and retrieved models, images, and concepts from the apostolic and early medieval eras of church history. As the first experiment with a pluralism of methods and sources in American Catholic theology and philosophy, Appleby argues this was also an attempt to construct a viable Catholic apologetics that would speak to the experiences of American citizens. Because this enterprise resembled that of the condemned Europeans, the Americans also fell under a cloud of suspicion and original research was suspended for a generation.

Over the course of the twentieth century, Catholics, who make up a quarter of the population of the United States, made significant contributions to American culture, politics, and society. They built powerful political machines in Chicago, Boston, and New York; led influential labor unions; created the largest private school system in the nation; and established a vast network of hospitals, orphanages, and charitable organizations. Yet in both scholarly and popular works of history, the distinctive presence and agency of Catholics as Catholics is almost entirely absent. In this book, R. Scott Appleby and Kathleen Sprows Cummings bring together American historians of race, politics, social theory, labor, and gender to address this lacuna, detailing in cogent and wide-ranging essays how Catholics negotiated gender relations, raised children, thought about war and peace, navigated the workplace and the marketplace, and imagined their place in the national myth of origins and ends. A long overdue corrective, Catholics in the American Century restores Catholicism to its rightful place in the American story.

Over the course of the twentieth century, Catholics, who make up a quarter of the population of the United States, made significant contributions to American culture, politics, and society. They built powerful political machines in Chicago, Boston, and New York; led influential labor unions; created the largest private school system in the nation; and established a vast network of hospitals, orphanages, and charitable organizations. Yet in both scholarly and popular works of history, the distinctive presence and agency of Catholics as Catholics is almost entirely absent. In this book, R. Scott Appleby and Kathleen Sprows Cummings bring together American historians of race, politics, social theory, labor, and gender to address this lacuna, detailing in cogent and wide-ranging essays how Catholics negotiated gender relations, raised children, thought about war and peace, navigated the workplace and the marketplace, and imagined their place in the national myth of origins and ends. A long overdue corrective, Catholics in the American Century restores Catholicism to its rightful place in the American story.