A consensus mechanism is the core component of a blockchain network, which ensures that every participant agrees on the state of the network in trustless environments. Until now, current blockchain networks have been using the proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism, which has serious limitations such as huge energy consumption, low transaction processing capabilities, and centralization and scalability issues. To overcome these problems, a new consensus mechanism entitled proof-of-stake (PoS) has been developed. PoS has many advantages, including negligible energy consumption and very low consensus delay. Ethereum (the largest decentralized global software platform to create secured digital technology powered by blockchain technology and the blockchain of choice globally for all developers and enterprises) has just switched from PoW to PoS. As a result, this mechanism is expected to become a cutting-edge technology for future blockchain networks.This book provides a comprehensive discussion of the PoS consensus mechanism for blockchain networks. Starting with an overview of blockchain technology and consensus mechanisms, including basic concepts and network architecture, the book provides a review of the PoS consensus mechanism, including PoS consensus security and PoS performance and scalability issues.Proof-of-Stake for Blockchain Networks: Fundamentals, challenges and approaches is a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and postgraduate students who are interested in advanced PoS consensus mechanisms, as well as developers and entrepreneurs who are interested in developing applications using the PoS consensus mechanism.

In the 1920s and 30s, criminal interrogations were brutal, imprecise, and frequently yielded false confessions. Enter Leonarde Keeler, an eccentric, obsessive criminologist who believed that the human body was incapable of lying, even if the mouth was. His invention, the modern polygraph machine, promised to eradicate deception forever by mechanically measuring blood pressure, sweat, and respiration. However, Keeler's noble quest quickly spiraled into a corporate obsession. He aggressively marketed the lie detector to police departments, banks, and paranoid corporations, effectively creating a multi-million-dollar industry built on physiological surveillance. As innocent people were occasionally condemned by nervous sweat and guilty psychopaths learned how to beat the machine, the polygraph sparked a century-long ethical war over the intersection of biology, anxiety, and the American justice system. This thrilling true-crime history unearths the origins of forensic psychology. It explores high-profile 1930s murder cases, the intense rivalry between early forensic pioneers, and the terrifying reality of trusting a machine to decipher the human soul. The body keeps the score, but the machine can misread it. The Polygraph Pioneer is a captivating look at the flawed, brilliant invention that forever changed criminal justice.

A consensus mechanism is the core component of a blockchain network, which ensures that every participant agrees on the state of the network in trustless environments. Until now, current blockchain networks have been using the proof-of-work (PoW) consensus mechanism, which has serious limitations such as huge energy consumption, low transaction processing capabilities, and centralization and scalability issues. To overcome these problems, a new consensus mechanism entitled proof-of-stake (PoS) has been developed. PoS has many advantages, including negligible energy consumption and very low consensus delay. Ethereum (the largest decentralized global software platform to create secured digital technology powered by blockchain technology and the blockchain of choice globally for all developers and enterprises) has just switched from PoW to PoS. As a result, this mechanism is expected to become a cutting-edge technology for future blockchain networks.This book provides a comprehensive discussion of the PoS consensus mechanism for blockchain networks. Starting with an overview of blockchain technology and consensus mechanisms, including basic concepts and network architecture, the book provides a review of the PoS consensus mechanism, including PoS consensus security and PoS performance and scalability issues.Proof-of-Stake for Blockchain Networks: Fundamentals, challenges and approaches is a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and postgraduate students who are interested in advanced PoS consensus mechanisms, as well as developers and entrepreneurs who are interested in developing applications using the PoS consensus mechanism.

In the 1920s and 30s, criminal interrogations were brutal, imprecise, and frequently yielded false confessions. Enter Leonarde Keeler, an eccentric, obsessive criminologist who believed that the human body was incapable of lying, even if the mouth was. His invention, the modern polygraph machine, promised to eradicate deception forever by mechanically measuring blood pressure, sweat, and respiration. However, Keeler's noble quest quickly spiraled into a corporate obsession. He aggressively marketed the lie detector to police departments, banks, and paranoid corporations, effectively creating a multi-million-dollar industry built on physiological surveillance. As innocent people were occasionally condemned by nervous sweat and guilty psychopaths learned how to beat the machine, the polygraph sparked a century-long ethical war over the intersection of biology, anxiety, and the American justice system. This thrilling true-crime history unearths the origins of forensic psychology. It explores high-profile 1930s murder cases, the intense rivalry between early forensic pioneers, and the terrifying reality of trusting a machine to decipher the human soul. The body keeps the score, but the machine can misread it. The Polygraph Pioneer is a captivating look at the flawed, brilliant invention that forever changed criminal justice.