S. Mitra – författare

Significant achievements have been made at the cross-roads of physics and planetary science. In the second half of the twentieth century, the discipline of planetary sciences has witnessed three major episodes which have revolutionized its approach and content: (i) the plate-tectonic theory, (ii) human landing and discoveries in planetary astronomy and (iii) the extraordinary technical advancement in high P-T studies, which have been abetted by a vast improvement in computational methods. Using these new computational methods, such as first principles including ab initio models, calculations have been made for the electronic structure, bonding, thermal EOS, elasticity, melting, thermal conductivity and diffusivity. In this monograph, the boundaries of the definitions of a petrologist, geochemist, geophysicist or a mineralogist have been willfully eliminated to bring them all under the spectrum of "high-pressure geochemistry" when they deal with any material (quintessentially a chemical assemblage) - terrestrial or extraterrestrial - under the conditions of high-pressure and temperature. Thus, a petrologist using a spectrometer or any instrument for high-pressure studies of a rock or a mineral, or a geochemist using them for chemical synthesis and characterization, is better categorized as a "high-pressure geochemist" rather than any other kind of disciplinarian.The contents of this monograph bring together, under one cover, apparently disparate disciplines like solid-earth geophysics and geochemistry as well as material science and condensed-matter physics to present a thorough overview of high pressure geochemistry. Indeed, such interdisciplinary activities led to the discovery of new phenomena such as high P-T behaviour in metal oxides (e.g. Mott transition), novel transitions such as amorphization, changes in order-disorder in crystals and the anomalous properties of oxide melts.

Undergraduate students in environmental science need a foundation in instrumental analysis as much as traditional chemistry majors, but their needs may be quite different. Environmental Chemical Analysis provides an explanation of analytical instrumentation methods for students without a background in analytical chemistry. This second edition features expanded material on sample preparation and quality assurance and control. It also includes new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates. It brings together sampling, sample preparation, and analytical techniques necessary for environmental applications, demonstrated through case studies of actual environmental measurement protocols.

Provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of environmental chemical analysis Explains analytical instrumentation methods for students approaching the subject from a different angle Includes two new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates Expands material on sample preparation and quality assurance/quality control Winner of Choice 2019 Outstanding Academic Title Award

Undergraduate students in environmental science need a foundation in instrumental analysis as much as traditional chemistry majors, but their needs may be quite different. Environmental Chemical Analysis provides an explanation of analytical instrumentation methods for students without a background in analytical chemistry. This second edition features expanded material on sample preparation and quality assurance and control. It also includes new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates. It brings together sampling, sample preparation, and analytical techniques necessary for environmental applications, demonstrated through case studies of actual environmental measurement protocols.

Provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of environmental chemical analysis Explains analytical instrumentation methods for students approaching the subject from a different angle Includes two new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates Expands material on sample preparation and quality assurance/quality control Winner of Choice 2019 Outstanding Academic Title Award

Undergraduate students in environmental science need a foundation in instrumental analysis as much as traditional chemistry majors, but their needs may be quite different. Environmental Chemical Analysis provides an explanation of analytical instrumentation methods for students without a background in analytical chemistry. This second edition features expanded material on sample preparation and quality assurance and control. It also includes new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates. It brings together sampling, sample preparation, and analytical techniques necessary for environmental applications, demonstrated through case studies of actual environmental measurement protocols.Provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of environmental chemical analysisExplains analytical instrumentation methods for students approaching the subject from a different angleIncludes two new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulatesExpands material on sample preparation and quality assurance/quality controlWinner of Choice 2019 Outstanding Academic Title Award

Undergraduate students in environmental science need a foundation in instrumental analysis as much as traditional chemistry majors, but their needs may be quite different. Environmental Chemical Analysis provides an explanation of analytical instrumentation methods for students without a background in analytical chemistry. This second edition features expanded material on sample preparation and quality assurance and control. It also includes new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulates. It brings together sampling, sample preparation, and analytical techniques necessary for environmental applications, demonstrated through case studies of actual environmental measurement protocols.Provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of environmental chemical analysisExplains analytical instrumentation methods for students approaching the subject from a different angleIncludes two new chapters on biological analysis and analysis of environmental particulatesExpands material on sample preparation and quality assurance/quality controlWinner of Choice 2019 Outstanding Academic Title Award

This book provides an account of modern aspects relating far infrared radiation to properties of solids; it encompasses both theoretical and experimental considerations. Written at the gradu­ ate level, it attempts a threefold purpose; an indication of the breadth of the subject, an in-depth examination of important areas, and reference material to complement a text for a course. The treatment and organization of material here is compatible with a preceding volume of this series on "Optical Properties of Solids." Chapters 1-6 present material concerned principally with experimental considerations necessary to the carrying out of meas­ urements in the far infrared spectral region. They also serve to provide considerable introductory material for the remaining chap­ ters which deal with various areas that offer theoretical treat­ ments utilizing and understanding far infrared properties of solids. Several lectures presented at the Institute could not be in­ cluded in this book for two reasons: (i) Final versions of the lecture notes suitable for publication never arrived from several lecturers; (ii) Some materials were deliberately left out fro~ this book as they were also presented at an earlier NATO Institute and form part of a preceding volume edited by us in this series. In particular, it is recommended that Chapters 14 and 15, viz., in­ frared and Raman spectra due to lattice vibrations by S. S. Mitra and impurity induced lattice absorption by L. Genzel in "Optical Properties of Solids''· be read concurrently with the present volume.

This book provides an account of modern aspects relating far infrared radiation to properties of solids; it encompasses both theoretical and experimental considerations. Written at the gradu­ ate level, it attempts a threefold purpose; an indication of the breadth of the subject, an in-depth examination of important areas, and reference material to complement a text for a course. The treatment and organization of material here is compatible with a preceding volume of this series on "Optical Properties of Solids." Chapters 1-6 present material concerned principally with experimental considerations necessary to the carrying out of meas­ urements in the far infrared spectral region. They also serve to provide considerable introductory material for the remaining chap­ ters which deal with various areas that offer theoretical treat­ ments utilizing and understanding far infrared properties of solids. Several lectures presented at the Institute could not be in­ cluded in this book for two reasons: (i) Final versions of the lecture notes suitable for publication never arrived from several lecturers; (ii) Some materials were deliberately left out fro~ this book as they were also presented at an earlier NATO Institute and form part of a preceding volume edited by us in this series. In particular, it is recommended that Chapters 14 and 15, viz., in­ frared and Raman spectra due to lattice vibrations by S. S. Mitra and impurity induced lattice absorption by L. Genzel in "Optical Properties of Solids'· be read concurrently with the present volume.

This book is an account of the manner in which the optical phenomena observed from solids relate to their fundamental properties. Written at the graduate level, it attempts a threefold purpose: an indication of the breadth of the subject, an in-depth examination of important areas, and a text for a two-semester course. The first two chapters present introductory theory as a foundation for subsequent reading. The following ten chapters broadly concern electronic properties associated with semiconductors ranging from narrow to wide energy gap materials. Lattice properties are examined in the remaining chap­ ters, in which effects governed by phonons in perfect crystals, point defects, their vibrational and electronic spectra, and electron-phonon interactions are stressed. Fun and hard work, both in considerable measure, have gone into the preparation of this volume. At the University of Freiburg, W. Germany, from August 7-20, 1966, the occasion of a NATO Advanced Study Institute on "The Optical Properties of Solids," the authors of these various chapters lectured for the Institute; this volume provides essentially the "Proceed­ ings" of that meeting. Many major revisions of original lectures (contrac­ tions and enlargements) were required for better organization and presentation of the subject matter. Several abbreviated chapters appear mainly to indicate the importance of their contents in optical properties research and to indicate recently published books that provide ample coverage. We are indebted to many people: the authors for their efforts and patience; our host at the University of Freiburg, the late Professor Dr.