Scot Macdonald – författare

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7 produkter

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7 produkter

Rolling the Iron Dice
Historical Analogies and Decisions to Use Military Force in Regional Contingencies
AvScot Macdonald
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 2000
1 169 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
Does history provide lessons for foreign policy makers today? Macdonald combines cognitive psychology theories about analogical reasoning, international relations theories about military intervention, and original archival research to analyze the role of historical information in foreign policy decision making. He looks at the role of historical analogies in Anglo-American decision making during foreign policy crises involving the possible use of force in regional contingencies during a crucial period in the 1950s when the West faced an emerging Soviet threat. This study analyzes the influence of situational and individual variables in a comparison of more than ten leaders from two nations facing four different crises.Rolling the Iron Dice describes the often significant effect of historical analogies on perceptions of the adversary and of allies, time constraints, policy options and risks, as well as the justification of policy in four crises: the 1950 Korean invasion; the 1951-53 Iranian oil nationalization incident; the 1956 Suez crisis; and the 1958 crisis in Lebanon and Jordan. Contrary to both the slippery slope and the escalation models of military intervention, Macdonald argues that leaders decide extremely early in a crisis, often on the basis of an historical analogy, but also based on perceptions of the rationality of an adversary, whether to use military force. Their decision does not change unless the adversary capitulates to every demand.
Rolling the Iron Dice
Historical Analogies and Decisions to Use Military Force in Regional Contingencies
AvScot Macdonald
Inbunden, Engelska, 2000
1 080 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Does history provide lessons for foreign policy makers today? Macdonald combines cognitive psychology theories about analogical reasoning, international relations theories about military intervention, and original archival research to analyze the role of historical information in foreign policy decision making. He looks at the role of historical analogies in Anglo-American decision making during foreign policy crises involving the possible use of force in regional contingencies during a crucial period in the 1950s when the West faced an emerging Soviet threat. This study analyzes the influence of situational and individual variables in a comparison of more than ten leaders from two nations facing four different crises.Rolling the Iron Dice describes the often significant effect of historical analogies on perceptions of the adversary and of allies, time constraints, policy options and risks, as well as the justification of policy in four crises: the 1950 Korean invasion; the 1951-53 Iranian oil nationalization incident; the 1956 Suez crisis; and the 1958 crisis in Lebanon and Jordan. Contrary to both the slippery slope and the escalation models of military intervention, Macdonald argues that leaders decide extremely early in a crisis, often on the basis of an historical analogy, but also based on perceptions of the rationality of an adversary, whether to use military force. Their decision does not change unless the adversary capitulates to every demand.
Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century
Altered Images and Deception Operations
AvScot Macdonald
Häftad, Engelska, 2009
892 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This is the first book to analyze how the technology to alter images and rapidly distribute them can be used for propaganda and to support deception operations.In the past, propagandists and those seeking to conduct deception operations used crude methods to alter images of real people, events and objects, which could usually be detected relatively easily. Today, however, computers allow propagandists to create any imaginable image, still or moving, with appropriate accompanying audio. Furthermore, it is becoming extremely difficult to detect that an image has been manipulated, and the Internet, television and global media make it possible to disseminate altered images around the world almost instantaneously. Given that the United States is the sole superpower, few, if any, adversaries will attempt to fight the US military conventionally on the battlefield. Therefore, adversaries will use propaganda and deception, especially altered images, in an attempt to level the battlefield or to win a war against the United States without even having to fight militarily. Propaganda and Information Warfare in the 21st Century will be of great interest to students of information war, propaganda, public diplomacy and security studies in general.
Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century
Altered Images and Deception Operations
AvScot Macdonald
Inbunden, Engelska, 2006
2 647 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This is the first book to analyze how the technology to alter images and rapidly distribute them can be used for propaganda and to support deception operations.In the past, propagandists and those seeking to conduct deception operations used crude methods to alter images of real people, events and objects, which could usually be detected relatively easily. Today, however, computers allow propagandists to create any imaginable image, still or moving, with appropriate accompanying audio. Furthermore, it is becoming extremely difficult to detect that an image has been manipulated, and the Internet, television and global media make it possible to disseminate altered images around the world almost instantaneously. Given that the United States is the sole superpower, few, if any, adversaries will attempt to fight the US military conventionally on the battlefield. Therefore, adversaries will use propaganda and deception, especially altered images, in an attempt to level the battlefield or to win a war against the United States without even having to fight militarily. Propaganda and Information Warfare in the 21st Century will be of great interest to students of information war, propaganda, public diplomacy and security studies in general.
Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century
Altered Images and Deception Operations
AvScot Macdonald
E-bok
Engelska, 2006
1 059 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
This is the first book to analyze how the technology to alter images and rapidly distribute them can be used for propaganda and to support deception operations.
In the past, propagandists and those seeking to conduct deception operations used crude methods to alter images of real people, events and objects, which could usually be detected relatively easily. Today, however, computers allow propagandists to create any imaginable image, still or moving, with appropriate accompanying audio. Furthermore, it is becoming extremely difficult to detect that an image has been manipulated, and the Internet, television and global media make it possible to disseminate altered images around the world almost instantaneously. Given that the United States is the sole superpower, few, if any, adversaries will attempt to fight the US military conventionally on the battlefield. Therefore, adversaries will use propaganda and deception, especially altered images, in an attempt to level the battlefield or to win a war against the United States without even having to fight militarily.
Propaganda and Information Warfare in the 21st Century will be of great interest to students of information war, propaganda, public diplomacy and security studies in general.
Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century
Altered Images and Deception Operations
AvScot Macdonald
E-bok
PDF, Engelska, 2006
1 056 kr
Läs direkt efter köp
This is the first book to analyze how the technology to alter images and rapidly distribute them can be used for propaganda and to support deception operations.
In the past, propagandists and those seeking to conduct deception operations used crude methods to alter images of real people, events and objects, which could usually be detected relatively easily. Today, however, computers allow propagandists to create any imaginable image, still or moving, with appropriate accompanying audio. Furthermore, it is becoming extremely difficult to detect that an image has been manipulated, and the Internet, television and global media make it possible to disseminate altered images around the world almost instantaneously. Given that the United States is the sole superpower, few, if any, adversaries will attempt to fight the US military conventionally on the battlefield. Therefore, adversaries will use propaganda and deception, especially altered images, in an attempt to level the battlefield or to win a war against the United States without even having to fight militarily.
Propaganda and Information Warfare in the 21st Century will be of great interest to students of information war, propaganda, public diplomacy and security studies in general.
Evolution of Aircraft Carriers
AvScot MacDonald
Häftad, Engelska
287 kr
Skickas inom 3-6 vardagar

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Scot Macdonald – författare

Rolling the Iron Dice

Rolling the Iron Dice

Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century

Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century

Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century

Propaganda and Information Warfare in the Twenty-First Century

Evolution of Aircraft Carriers

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