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This book discusses current topics in rough set theory. Since Pawlak’s rough set theory was first proposed to offer a basis for imprecise and uncertain data and reasoning from data, many workers have investigated its foundations and applications.

This book discusses current topics in rough set theory. Since Pawlak’s rough set theory was first proposed to offer a basis for imprecise and uncertain data and reasoning from data, many workers have investigated its foundations and applications.

This book approaches to the subject of common-sense reasoning in AI using epistemic situation calculus which integrates the ideas of situation calculus and epistemic logic. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the research area of science and engineering for intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is very important to deal with common-sense reasoning in knowledge-based systems. If we employ a logic-based framework, classical logic is not suited for the purpose of describing common-sense reasoning. It is well known that there are several difficulties with logic-based approaches, e.g., the so-called Fame Problem. We try to formalize common-sense reasoning in the context of granular computing based on rough set theory. The book is intended for those, like experts and students, who wish to get involved in the field as a monograph or a textbook for the subject. We assume that the reader has mastered the material ordinarily covered in AI and mathematical logic

This book approaches to the subject of common-sense reasoning in AI using epistemic situation calculus which integrates the ideas of situation calculus and epistemic logic. If we employ a logic-based framework, classical logic is not suited for the purpose of describing common-sense reasoning.

This book provides some resources of Artificial Life. The authors also introduce some examples of Artificial Life Systems like Boids, Tierra, and Open Warm. The book is intended for those, like experts and students, who wish to get involved in the field as a monograph or a textbook for the subject.

Quantum computers enable super-speed computation and can solve some important problems whose solutions were regarded impossible or intractable with traditional computers.This book provides a quick introduction to quantum computing for readers who have no backgrounds of both theory of computation and quantum mechanics.

This book is written as an introduction to annotated logics. It provides logical foundations for annotated logics, discusses some interesting applications of these logics and also includes the authors' contributions to annotated logics. The central idea of the book is to show how annotated logic can be applied as a tool to solve problems of technology and of applied science. The book will be of interest to pure and applied logicians, philosophers and computer scientists as a monograph on a kind of paraconsistent logic. But, the layman will also take profit from its reading.

A quantum computer is a computer based on a computational model which uses quantum mechanics, which is a subfield of physics to study phenomena at the micro level. There has been a growing interest on quantum computing in the 1990's and some quantum computers at the experimental level were recently implemented. Quantum computers enable super-speed computation and can solve some important problems whose solutions were regarded impossible or intractable with traditional computers.This book provides a quick introduction to quantum computing for readers who have no backgrounds of both theory of computation and quantum mechanics. “Elements of Quantum Computing” presents the history, theories and engineering applications of quantum computing. The book is suitable to computer scientists, physicists and software engineers.

This book is written as an introduction to annotated logics. It provides logical foundations for annotated logics, discusses some interesting applications of these logics and also includes the authors' contributions to annotated logics. The central idea of the book is to show how annotated logic can be applied as a tool to solve problems of technology and of applied science. The book will be of interest to pure and applied logicians, philosophers and computer scientists as a monograph on a kind of paraconsistent logic. But, the layman will also take profit from its reading.

This book presents a collection of contributions from related logics to applied paraconsistency. Moreover, all of them are dedicated to Jair Minoro Abe,on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday. He is one of the experts in Paraconsistent Engineering, who developed the so-called annotated logics. The book includes important contributions on foundations and applications of paraconsistent logics in connection with engineering, mathematical logic, philosophical logic, computer science, physics, economics, and biology. It will be of interest to students and researchers, who are working on engineering and logic.

This book explores reasoning with rough sets by developing a granularity-based framework. It begins with a brief description of the rough set theory, then examines selected relations between rough set theory and non-classical logics including modal logic.

This book presents a collection of contributions from related logics to applied paraconsistency. The book includes important contributions on foundations and applications of paraconsistent logics in connection with engineering, mathematical logic, philosophical logic, computer science, physics, economics, and biology.