Shaukat Khan – författare

This handbook presents the development of synchrotron light sources and free-electron lasers as well as new scientific applications. Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century had such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal discovery of X-rays in the year 1895. X-ray tubes soon became established as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and even public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher and higher brilliance and much extended spectral range for an ever widening field of research resulted in stunning developments like the electron storage ring and the free-electron laser. This second edition includes both updated chapters and new contributions highlighting the most recent developments in the field. Reports on operation experience of the new FEL facilities are complemented by discussions of new developments in X-ray beamline optics and detectors. Contributions on applications now include high pressure work, catalytic processes and engineering materials, medical applications and studies of cultural heritage. New contributions on IR spectroscopy, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and studies of liquids complete this second edition.

Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.

This book is intended to dispel the notion that collective phenomena are an obscure and inaccessible topic. Having become increasingly important in modern storage rings, collective e?ects deserve to become part of the general education in accelerator physics. ItriedtowritethebookIwaslookingforwhenIstartedtostudycollective instabilities: an introduction that can be read from cover to cover with m- erate e?ort and familiarizes the reader with the basic concepts. Self-contained appendices contain what I considered worth discussing but might impair the readability of the main text, such as a reminder of basic relations and some background information on selected topics. Finally, an extensive list of r- erences was compiled (with some emphasis on accessibility of the source) in order to facilitate the search for more detailed information. A previous version of the present text was submitted in German language as Habilitationsschrift – a postdoctoral thesis, which is a peculiarity of the German academic system – to the Humboldt University of Berlin. It grew from my occupation with collective phenomena over ten years at the thi- generation synchrotron light source BESSY II. This has some consequences regarding the character of this text: • Thereisaclearemphasisonsynchrotronlightsourcesandelectronstorage rings. However, many concepts (wake ?eld, impedance, beam spectrum, beam lifetime, etc.) are quite general. • The selection of material re?ects my personal experience and some readers may want to skip over details that I considered important, while others may ?nd that their favorite topic was not covered in su?cient detail.

This book is intended to dispel the notion that collective phenomena are an obscure and inaccessible topic. Having become increasingly important in modern storage rings, collective e?ects deserve to become part of the general education in accelerator physics. ItriedtowritethebookIwaslookingforwhenIstartedtostudycollective instabilities: an introduction that can be read from cover to cover with m- erate e?ort and familiarizes the reader with the basic concepts. Self-contained appendices contain what I considered worth discussing but might impair the readability of the main text, such as a reminder of basic relations and some background information on selected topics. Finally, an extensive list of r- erences was compiled (with some emphasis on accessibility of the source) in order to facilitate the search for more detailed information. A previous version of the present text was submitted in German language as Habilitationsschrift – a postdoctoral thesis, which is a peculiarity of the German academic system – to the Humboldt University of Berlin. It grew from my occupation with collective phenomena over ten years at the thi- generation synchrotron light source BESSY II. This has some consequences regarding the character of this text: • Thereisaclearemphasisonsynchrotronlightsourcesandelectronstorage rings. However, many concepts (wake ?eld, impedance, beam spectrum, beam lifetime, etc.) are quite general. • The selection of material re?ects my personal experience and some readers may want to skip over details that I considered important, while others may ?nd that their favorite topic was not covered in su?cient detail.